高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Art单元知识 新人教版选修6.docx

1、高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Art单元知识 新人教版选修6Unit 1 Art 1. faith n. 信任；信心；信念；信仰Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.艺术受风俗和人们信仰的影响。 have faith in 信赖；对有信心【常见搭配】 lose faith in 失去对的信任 in good faith 真诚，诚心诚意I have great faith in her. She wont let me down.我对她很有信心，她不会让我失望的。The public have lost faith in

2、what the government is doing. 公众对政府的所作所为失去了信心。【归纳拓展】faithful adj. 不忠诚的；无信仰的；不可依赖的，不可靠的be faithful to对忠实的【易混辨析】faith，belief与trust 易混词辨析例句faith语气较强，指认为有确凿证据或道理而完全相信。通常指充满感情的信任。I have faith in his ability to succeed.我相信他有成功的能力。belief普通用词，指主观上的相信，不着重这种相信是否有根据。He has great belief in that doctor.他对那位医生无比信

3、赖。trust信赖，含有坚定的信念之意。强调相信、信任的完全可靠。A good marriage is based on trust.信任是良好婚姻的基础。【巧学妙记】 Have faith in yourself，be faithful to your work and faithfully live up to your promise and then you are sure to succeed.对自己有信心，忠实于你的工作并且忠实地履行你的诺言，那么你就一定能成功。【跟踪典例】翻译句子我们必须信任自己。(faith)_我对那个男孩失去了信心，不再相信他了。(fatih)_她一直忠于

4、自己的祖国。(faithful)_【答案】We must have faith in ourselves.I have lost faith in that boy, and I can no longer trust him.She is always faithful to her country.2. aim aimless 无目标的During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.在中世纪，画家的主要目的是呈现宗教主题。n. 目标；目的；瞄准 achieve ones a

5、im 达到某人的目的【常见搭配】 take aim at 向瞄准 without aim 漫无目的地 with the aim of. 意在 The aim of the meeting was to reach an agreement about next years price. 会议的目标是就明年的价格达成协议。 He started to learn English with the aim of going abroad. 他开始学英语，目的是出国。 Take careful aim at the target before firing. 开火之前仔细瞄准目标。v. 瞄准；目的是

6、，旨在【常见搭配】 aim at doing sth. 目的在于做某事 aim to do sth. aim at sth. 瞄准；致力于（=aim for sth.） be aimed at 目的是；目标是I aimed at the door but hit the window. 我对准门射击，不料打中了窗户。The factory must aim at increased production/aim for an increase in production.工厂必须把增加产量作为目标。He aims to be a successful writer. 他的目标是成为一名成功的作

7、家。【跟踪典例】 单项填空/完成句子The project of the underground _ improving the transport of the city began in the early 1980s. A. aimed to B. aimed at C. aiming to D. to aim at做这个研究的目的是关注经济趋势 Research is being done _ monitoring economic trends. (aim)我的目标是暑假前减掉四公斤肉。 I _ 4kg before the summer holidays.【答案】 3. typic

8、al adj.典型的；有代表性的；特有的A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols，which created a feeling of respect and love for God.这一时期有代表性的画充满着宗教色彩，体现了对上帝敬重和爱戴的情感。【常见搭配】 be typical of sth.具有的典型特征；是典型的 It is typical of sb.to do sth.某人一向He is a typical pupil，who is like most of the other pupils. 他是

9、一个有代表性的学生，和大多数其他学生一样。Its typical of her to be(be)rude to people. 她这个人就是总对人无礼。【跟踪典例】 （1）单项填空We are all _ individuals. Those who may work for me may not work for you.zxx*k A. normal B. average C. unique D. typicalThe woman she acted in the film is _ the women in the 1930s. A. typical of B. conventiona

10、l of C. impressive of D. consistent of（2）完成句子他这人就是爱忘事。 It is to forget. (typical)这幅画是他早期的代表作。 This painting is his early works.【答案】（1）A【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：她在电影中扮演的女人是典型的20世纪30年代的女性。typical典型 的；conventional传统的，惯例的；impressive印象深刻的；consistent一致的。故选A。zxx*k（2）typical of him typical of 4.adopt People began to

11、concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. 人们对宗教主题的关注变少了，开始对生活采取更人性的态度。vt. （1）采用（方法），采取（某态度），采纳（建议、改革等）（2）收养，领养 adopt ones suggestion/advice 采纳某人的建议 adopt a(n) approach/policy/attitude采取一种方法/政策/态度 adopt sb as.收养某人为All three teams adopted different approaches t

12、o the problem.三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。They decided to adopt an orphan from the earthquake area.他们决定收养一名地震灾区的孤儿。【归纳拓展】adopted adj. 收养的，领养的an adopted son 养子adapt vt.使适应；改造/编adapt oneself to适应于【跟踪典例】 单句语法填空/完成句子Another peasant family adopted him _ their own son. 另一户农民把他收养起来，作为自己的儿子。His _ (adopt) son went abro

13、ad last week. 他的养子上周出国了。写作佳句 It is said that the headmaster _. 据说校长已采纳了我们的建议。【答案】asadoptedhas adopted our suggestions 5.possess Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.富人想要拥有他们自己的画像，这样他们能装饰他们漂亮的宫殿和大房子。v. （1）有，拥有（不能用于进行时）（2）支配，控制

14、【常见搭配】be possessed by/with 被控制The gallery possesses a number of the artists early works. 这个画廊有那位画家的一些早期作品。He does possess a sense a humor.他确实有幽默感。A terrible fear possessed her. 一阵恐惧攫住了她。She was suddenly possessed by fear. 她突然感到害怕。【归纳拓展】possession n. 拥有，占有；个人财产，私人物品be in possession of sth.拥有/占有某物be i

15、n the possession of sb./be in ones possession为某人所有；归某人所有have possession of拥有(指买来或从别人那里拿来)take possession of占领；夺取come into possession占有某物 get/take possession of 占领；夺取 The villa is in Mr Smiths possession. 那幢别墅归史密斯先生所有。Twenty years ago, his father was very rich and was in possession of a farm. 二十年前，他父

16、亲很富有，有一个农场。We take possession of the enemys stronghold. 我们占领了敌人的要塞。【易混辨析】possess, have与own(1)possess 正式用语，指拥有某物。该词常作法律用语，表示完全拥有。更 重要的是，它可以用来指拥有财物以外的东西，如权力、能力、特征、品 质等。(2)have最普通用语，语义广泛。表示拥有之意时，无原因或理由可 言，也不表明拥有和被拥有者之间的任何关系。(3)own表示对某物具有自然的或合法的拥有权，对象一般为具体的物。【跟踪典例】单句语法填空/完成句子She is _ (possess) of health

17、 and wealth. 她拥有健康和财富。Does the young man standing there have possession _ the company? No.The company is in _ possession of his father. 站在那儿的那个年轻人拥有这家公司吗？ 不，是他父亲拥有这家公司。写作佳句 Its said that a young man possesses the company. Its said that a young man _ the company. Its said that the company _ a young m

18、an. 据说一位年轻人拥有这家公司。【答案】possessed of；theis possessed of/has possession of/is in possession of；is in the possession of 【特别提示】 (1)possession常用复数表示“财产；所有物；财富”。(2) in possession of表示主动，其主语通常是人，意为“占有”；in the possession of表示被动，其主语 通常是物，意为“被占有”。 6.convince When people first saw his paintings, they were convi

19、nced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. 当人们第一次看到他的画，他们相信他们正在通过墙上的一个洞看到一副真正的画面。vt. 使确信，使信服 convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事【常见搭配】 convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 convince sb. that. 使某人相信We finally convinced them of our innocence. 我们终于使他们相信我们是清白的。They failed to convince the d

20、irectors that their proposals would work. 他们未能使董事们相信他们的建议是切实可行的。【归纳拓展】convinced adj. 确信的，坚信的 convincing adj. 令人信服的【跟踪典例】单项填空/完成句子We couldnt convince him _her honesty. A. with B. on C.at D. of相信父母的处事方式，因此他面临问题时很难有自己的见解。 _ his parents way of doing things, the boy can hardly come up with his own ideas

21、when faced with problems. (convince)你将需要让他们相信你有做好这份工作的能力。 Youll need to them your ability to do the job well.她父母亲无法说服她，让她相信她的决定错了。 Her parents_ she has made a wrong decision.【答案】 7.by coincidence巧合地；碰巧；凑巧By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time，which made the colors used in painti

22、ngs look richer and deeper.巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，它使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。【常见搭配】 by pure coincidence纯属巧合 by a strange coincidence巧的出奇 It is a coincidence that.巧合的是What a coincidence！真巧！I dont think all these things happened by coincidence. 我认为这些事情不是碰巧发生的。It cant be a coincidence that four jewelry stores wer

23、e robbed in one night. 一定不是巧合四家珠宝店在一夜被抢劫。What a coincidence！I wasnt expecting to see you here. 真巧！我没料到会在这里见到你。【跟踪典例】完成句子/单项填空She and I both arrived at the same time _ pure coincidence.我和她同时到达纯属巧合。It cant be a coincidence _ four jewelry stores were robbed in one night.四家珠宝店在一夜被抢劫一定不是巧合。_！I wasnt expe

24、cting to see you here.真巧！我没料到会在这里见到你。John and I were _born on the same day of the same year, and we have a lot in common. A.by all means B.by coincidence C.by design D.by a chance【答案】bythatWhat a coincidenceB【解析】句意:我和约翰碰巧同年同月同日生,而且我们有很多共同点。by all means可以,没问题;by coincidence碰巧;by design故意地;by a chance

25、若改为by chance也正确。 8.a great deal 大量 In the late 19th century，Europe changed a great deal，from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。a great deal 可在句中作状语，修饰动词或形容词/副词的比较级(此时不加of)；还可用作名词短语，作主 语或宾语(此时同a lot)，作主语时谓语动词用单数。deal用来表示“大量”“相当多”时不用large修饰

26、，而习惯用great或good来修饰。a great deal of 表示“许多”，只能修饰不可数名词。A great deal has been finished，but there is still much to be done. 虽然已经完成了许多工作，但仍然有许多事情要做。We are a great deal cleverer(clever)than before. 我们比以前聪明多了。A great deal of money was used(use) in rescuing the victims in the earthquake. 大量的金钱被用来援救地震中的受害者。【归

27、纳拓展】【跟踪典例】The new policy on education has attracted _ attention. A. a huge number of B. a large sum of C. a great deal of D. a great manyPeople suffered_ from the disaster, but they didnt lose confidence in rebuilding their homes. A. a good many B. a large number C. a great variety D. a great deal【答

28、案】 a good many许多，很多，一般用来修饰可数名词复数；a large number大量，一般用来指代可数的量； a great variety各种各样的；a great deal 许多，大量，一般用来指代不可数的量。根据语境可知人们遭 受的苦难是不可数的量。故选D。 9.attempt .that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes. 也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来(1) vt. 尝试；企图【常见搭配】attempt to do sth.

29、/ at doing sth. 试图做某事 Every time Ive attempted to convince her, Ive failed completely. 每次我都试图说服她，但全然不起作用。 He attempted doing it. 他尝试着去做。(2) n. 努力，尝试（尤指较难的事情）【常见搭配】 make an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事 at ones first attempt 第一次尝试 give up an attempt 放弃尝试 All attempts to control inflation have failed. 所有为控制通货膨胀而做的尝试都失败了。 He made one last attempt at the world record. 他为破世界纪录做了最后一次努力。【易混辨析】attempt与try（1）attempt意为企图；尝试，为正式用语，多用于书面语，常表示希望成功，但并不 一定取得预期的结果。（2）try意为尝试，试用，使用范围很