pets1级阅读理解篇48篇.docx

1、pets1级阅读理解篇48篇 阅 读 理 解 技 能一、从备考的角度 1. 培养良好的阅读习惯 在做阅读理解题目前，考生应该注意培养良好的阅读习惯。而很多人容易形成一种不良的阅读习惯，即用手指点着文字逐行移动，口中也念念有词，这种习惯会影响阅读速度。要想提高阅读速度和做题速度，必须培养良好的阅读习惯。首先，如果有默读的习惯，一定要下功夫克服，要完全通过视觉来领会文字意思；其次，要学会“一目十行”的读，在阅读时注意看整体，由单词到短语，到句子，由句子到段落，直至领会全文意思。 2. 选择合适的阅读材料 如果一篇文章太难，学生难以理解其内容，便无法解答问题；材料中词汇太难或内容枯燥无法吸引学生；所

2、以要选择学生感兴趣且在开始时要选择词汇相对容易的文章，适合学生水平，当学生达到一定水平后，可以选择一些行文规范、稍难的文章。 3. 采取恰当的阅读方法 开始对学生的要求不要太高，可以先泛泛的读，然后再认真仔细的读。一些学生在练习阅读极其简单的材料也要查字典，一边看一边逐字的查，实际上，没有必要每个字都查。倘若一个词很重要，一般会重复出现或在上下文中自然而然地显示它的意思，学生要学会琢磨和猜测它的意思。 具体的说，阅读的方法主要有以下几种：（1） 略读。快速浏览文章，理解大意。 （2） 查读。快速扫视文章，查找具体信息。（3） 泛读。阅读的速度较快，理解大意即可。（4） 精读。需要了解具体细节时

3、，要求理解准确。 二. 从做阅读理解方法的角度 1. 浏览问题，有的放矢 做阅读理解时，考生应先把文章后面所给考题浏览一遍，然后带着这些问题进行阅读，边阅读边选出考题表层的简单、直接的答案，从而大大提高阅读效率。 2. 通读全文，标记重点 在通读（浏览）全文时，考生在脑中一定要牢记问题，意识地从文中选择关键信息，必要时可以将这些重点用笔标记出来，即5个w（who, what, when, where, why）划出来，这样，考生就可以对文章地内容和细节有个全面的了解，同时能够捕捉到关键的信息。 另一方面，在阅读文章时，不必逐句地细读，力求弄懂每句话的意思，猜透每个生词的含义，相反的，可以拿着问

4、题在文中找答案，对相关的句子要仔细阅读，对不相关或关系不大的句子可以一带而过，对能够解答问题的重要词汇多花心思，无关紧要的词可以完全忽略。标记的重点，就是那些对解答问题起关键作用的词或句子。 3. 认真思考，初步判断 通读全文后，考生已对文章或段落大意有所了解，可以重复阅读一遍问题，并将问题与所标记的重点或关键信息进行比较，再认真的进行分析、推理，推敲后，做出判断，初步将问题和关键信息一一对号入座。对那些有把握的题目，明显的立即做出判断。遇到不会的题或一时难以判断答案的题目，可以暂时不做。做完有把握得题后，再回头做剩下的题目。 值得注意的事，出题人往往在三个选项中设置一个似是而非的答案，干扰性

5、很强，所以学生要认真审题。不能再发现一个看似正确的事就草率定案。应对三个备选答案进行分析和比较。在理解和阅读材料内容的基础上进行判断。 另外，学生在解题时，不是在理解内容的基础上完成试题，只是看到那么几个词语就选出答案，正好中了出题人的圈套。命题技巧高的人，通常不会把文章的某句话作为正确选项安排进去，他们一般把这些词语作为迷惑加在选项中，遇到这种情况，要特别留神。 4. 回文定位，确定答案这是最后一步，也是最重要的一步，这一步骤要求学生全文主题思想统率各思考题。把在阅读和答题时所得到的信息归纳整理一遍后重新再读一遍，检查答案，看是否起前后一致。意义和语言知识是否和原文相符，是否符合逻辑等，如发

6、现矛盾、遗漏要点等，立即纠正。在这一步中最重要的事，要在原文中找到信息出处，为问题找到一个确定答案，对一些似是而非，不能确定的答案，可以先放在一边，对文章进行复读，针对问题要求，抓住重点，确定信息的可信性，从而确定正确答案。三. 从短文题型及解题方法的角度 阅读理解部分通常会有四中题型：1. 细节题 2. 推测词（语）义 3. 主旨大意 4. 推理判断题 1. 细节题 此类题就文中某一词语、某一句子、某一段或某一细节或事实提问，常以 what, who, when, where, how many, why, which, how 等词来引导的特殊疑问词出现，有很强的针对性。解题技巧 （1）不

7、能脱离原文，不能想当然地依赖自己的文化背景知识，而应在文中找出相应出处，并根据相应出处的信息做选择。 （2）数据处理。此类题要求考生就原文提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做出简单的计算和推断，然后做出选择。 解题关键 不在于数据与计算本身，而在于弄清数据之间与文中其他信息之间的逻辑关系。2. 猜测词义。 考查的内容既可以是生词，也可能是熟词、词组或句子。解题方法 （1）寻找现成的释义。在一些文章中，有时作者用了一个生词之后，会对该词含义作一些解释或说明。如使用or, eg., for example, thats to say , this is, such as, in other

8、words, be like, be called, mean 等词语；此外考生也可以根据文中使用的标点符号，如括号，逗号，破折号等帮助判断。 如：My new house need some furniture, such as bookshelf , cupboard, soft , table , and so on .通过 such as 后面的句子我们可以猜出 furniture 的词义是“家具”。 （2）利用构词知识进行猜测。在英语中有很多词或字根加上前缀或后缀就会构成一个新的单词，乍看起来这个单词可能是陌生的，但若具有一定的构词知识，就不难猜出单词词义。例如: 前缀 fore 前

9、，先，预先(3)利用同义词和近义词关系猜测。有时作者避免重复，或为了表达 同一个事物的不同 种类，使用同义词或近义词。在这种情况下，我们就可以利用同义词近义词的关系从熟悉的词汇推测出不熟悉的词语的含义。如:Mike thinks we are being watched “ Really”. I asked, “what makes you think we are under surveillance?”在这一句中可看出是being watched 和under survillance同义关系，有“被监视”的意思。(4)利用单词的发音进行推测。英语和汉语中都有些单词来自对方的音译。如safe

10、 沙发coffee咖啡nylon尼龙等。因此利用单词发音也是一种猜测手段。The Olympic Game began in the 5th century b.c.这个句子中的The Olympic Game我们只要读出发音就能知道它的意思是“奥林匹克”。对一万步说，如果音译出来还不明确意思，那至少可以知道这是什么范畴的东西，像The Olympic Game应该是项活动。只要能猜测到这种地步也不会影响全文的意思的理解。3. 主旨大意这种类型的题用来检查考生对文章主题后中心思想的领会与理解是否正确。主旨大题分两类：一类主题问题，有的文章通过主题句直接阐述主题，有的文章则要求读者通过逻辑推理，

11、概括出文章的主题。此类题要注意题目考察的是作者的态度和思想，而不是你的态度和思想。常出现的题型有：The subject/topic of the passage is _ The passage is mainly about _ The main idea of this passage _ From the passage we know that _ What did the winter want to tell us _ The writer doesnt say but we can know _ The writer seems _另一类是标题问题，即文章主旨的最高的概括形式，

12、一些是文章的标题往往因隐含在文章的主题中，而文章的主题句有的会在文中直接提出里，尤其是开头和结尾。常见的类型有：Whats the topic of the text? Which is the best title of the passage? The best title for this passage is _解题技巧：要有重点阅读每一段的第一句话或最后一句话。有时主题句可能在文章的末尾。若看了文章的第一句话，觉得它不足以表达该文的主旨，那么下一个最可能找到主题句的地方就是文章的末句。另外，找出文章的内容后阐述实质的句子。4. 推理判断推理判断题主要考查学生对文章言外之意的理解。推理

13、判断题的答案不可能在文章中找到，而是要通过上下文中出现的暗示，经过思考、归纳、分析和推理才能确定。这类题型主要有三种形式：语义推理题、结论推理提和出处推理题。语义推理题要求学生根据文章、段落和句子的表层意思推断出深层意思，比如推断文章或段落的中心思想、句子的言外之意等；结论推理题要求学生根据文章中所列举的事实作出符合逻辑的结论，比如作者的观点、意图等；出处推理题要求学生根据文章的整体内容推断出文章的出处。 推理判断题的主要提问方式有：We can infer from the passage that_从文章中我们可以推断_It is suggested by the writer that_

14、作者暗示_Which of the following would the writer probably agree with?作者最可能同意下列那个选项？We can conclude from the passage that_从段落中我们可以得出结论_Where did this passage most probably appear?这段短文最可能在什么地方出现？From the text we know that _从短文中我们得出_What the writer really means is_作者真正的意思是_推理题的解题技巧主要有：（1） 特别留心特定细节。所谓特定细节，就

15、是问题所使得范围和对象中的细节事实。它一般包括事实根据、名字、人物和地点、数字（日期和统计数字）、关键词语的其他表达法（同义词、近义词、反以词）。（2） 注意作者的语气和态度。作者的语气和态度通常体现在短文所使用的措辞和句式上。要特别注意感情色彩比较浓重的形容词和副词，特别留意短文句子的长度和结构。从措词上我们可以推断出作者对讨论话题的态度（肯定或否定？赞成或反对？褒扬或讽刺？喜好或厌恶？）从句式的长短和结构可以判断出作者讨论问题的语气（郑重其事还是轻松活泼？实事求是还是夸大其词？真挚热诚还是冷嘲热讽？）（3） 注意文章的题材和出处。初中英语主要有两种题裁-说明文和记叙文。说明文阐述事物的内在

16、性质、特征及其他事物之间的联系，一般采用诸如定义、举例、比较、数据等方式说明主题。记叙文的特点重在时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果等六要素上。以叙述性和描述性的语言为主。说明文和记叙文的出处很多，判断出处时要注意短文的主题，由主体在推断它可能出现的地方。阅读理解30篇社会题材类 九篇 （一） In many English homes people eat four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner. People have breakfast at any time from seven to nine in the morning

17、. They eat porridge（粥）, eggs or bread. English people drink tea or coffee at breakfast. Lunch comes at one oclock. Afternoon tea is from four to five in the afternoon and dinner is about half past seven. First they have soups, then they have meat or fish with vegetables. After that they eat some oth

18、er things, like bananas, apples, or oranges. But not all English people eat like that. Some of them have their dinner in the middle of the day .their meals are breakfast, dinner, tea and supper and these meals are simple.1.Many English people have _meals a day.A two B three C four 2. What may Englis

19、h people have for their breakfast? A Tea and egg B Porridge, eggs, bread, tea or coffee C tea and coffee3. People dont have _ for their dinner. A porridge B soup and meat C fish4. In some English homes dinner can come _. A at one oclock B in the evening C at noon 5. People have lunch at _. A any tim

20、e B five C one 6. From what we read, we know that_. A most English people treat their meals simply B most English people treat their meals seriously C English people dont want to eat meals（二） When you are in England, you must be very careful in the streets because the traffic drives the left. Before

21、 you cross a street, you must look to the right first and then the left. If the traffic light are red, the traffic must stop. Then the people on foot can cross the road carefully. If the traffic lights are green, the traffic can go. People on foot mustnt cross. In the morning and in the evening when

22、 people go to or come from work, the streets are very busy. Traffic is most dangerous then. When you go by bus in England, you have to be careful, too. Always remember the traffic moves on the left. So you must be careful. Have a look first or youll go to the wrong way. In many English cities, there

23、 are big buses with two floors. You can sit on the second floor. From there you can see the city very well. its very interesting!1. The traffic in England_ that in China. A is the same as B is different from C is better than2. You can cross the road when_. A there is a little traffic B the traffic l

24、ights are green C the traffic lights are red3. When are there the most cars, buses and people in the street?A in the morning when people go to workB in the evening when people come back from workC both A and B4. If you ride a bicycle in England, you must go _.A on the left side of the road B on the

25、right side of the road C in the middle of the road5. The visitors to English cities usually like to _when they go by bus.A ride a bicycle B take a car C sit on the second floor6. From what we read, we know that_.A traffic in England is very dangerous in the morning when people go to workB there are

26、many beautiful places in EnglandC it is very interesting to ride on the left side of the street in England（三） You speak, write a letter, and make a telephone call. Your words carry a message. People communicate with words. But do you can communicate without words? A smile on your face shows youre ha

27、ppy and friendly. Tears in your eyes tell others you are sad. When you raise your head in class, the teacher knows you want to say something or ask questions. You shake your head, and people know you are saying “No”. you nod and people know youre saying “Yes”. Other things can also carry messages. F

28、or example, a sign at the bus stop helps you know which bus to take. A sign on the door tells you where to go in or out. Have you ever noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and you receive messages from them all the time?People can communicate in many other ways. An artist can use his dra

29、wing to tell about beautiful mountains, about the blue sea and many other things. Books are written to tell about all the wonderful things in the world and also about people and their ideas. Book, magazines, TV, radio, and films all help us to know whats going on in the world and what other people a

30、re thinking about.1.People communicate_.A with words only B in different waysC in letters and with drawings2. Signs can carry as many _as words.A questions B tears and smiles C messages3. When you shake your head, you mean_.A youre saying “No” B youre saying “Yes”C you are dreaming4.Which of the fol

31、lowing is not mentioned in this article? A TV and films B Newspapers C Books and magazines5. Communication is important because it can help people_.A understand the world and other people betterB learn whats happening in the world more quickly C both A and B6. The best title for this article could be_. A Signs carry messages B Ways of communications C Words, signs and drawings（四） We often think that ins