届中考英语专项突破复习《提高阅读》专练.docx

1、届中考英语专项突破复习提高阅读专练2013届中考英语专项突破复习提高阅读专练2012西城 COf the many kinds of vegetables grown all over the world, which remains the favorite of both the young and old? The potato, of course. Perhaps you know them as “taters”, “spuds”, or “Idahoes”. But its no matter, a potato by any other name is still a pota

2、tothe worlds most widely grown vegetable. As a matter of fact, if you are a normal potato eater, you will eat at least a hundred pounds of them each year.Thats only a tiny part of the total grown every year, however. Worldwide, the potato harvest (收获) every year is over six billion bags, with each b

3、ag having a hundred pounds of spuds, some of them as large as four pounds each. In the United States, farmers fill about four hundred million bags a year. That may seem like a lot of taters, but it leaves us in third place among world potato growers. Farmers in Poland (波兰) dig up just over 800 milli

4、on bags a year, while the Russians lead the world with nearly 1.5 billion bags.People eat potatoes in many ways baked (烘烤), mashed (捣成糊状), and roasted, to name just three. However, in the United States most potatoes are eaten in the form of French fries. One fast-food chain alone sells more than $1

5、billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the company pays close attention to the way its fries are prepared.Before any fry makes it to the people who eat at this popular restaurant, it must pass many separate tests. Fail any one and the French fry is thrown away. To start with, only a

6、 certain kind of Idaho potato is used to make fries. They have less water than other kinds. Once cut into “shoestring” shapes, the potatoes are partly fried in secret oils, sprayed (喷洒) with liquid sugar to brown them, steam dried at high heat, and then quickly frozen for shipment to each restaurant

7、.Before shipping, though, every shoestring is measured (测量). Forty percent of the fries must be between two and three inches long. Another forty percent has to be over three inches. What about the twenty percent that is left? Well, a few short fries in a bag are okay, it seems.So, now that you reali

8、ze the huge size and value of the potato crop, you can understand why most people agree that this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes.”53. According to the passage, which country has the largest harvest of potatoes？A. America. B. Russia. C. Poland. D. France.54. What can be known about A

9、mericans and French fries?A. Americans like to eat French fries at home.B. Americans care about French fries size and shape. C. Americans eat French fries less than mashed potatoes.D. Americans prefer potatoes to be cooked in this way.55. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Potatoes are known b

10、y many names.B. The way of making French fries is interesting.C. The potato is an important vegetable in America.D. The various names of potatoes have a long history. D What does the word “patent (专利权) ” mean to you? Does it interest you? If it does, stop and think a moment about some of the commonp

11、lace things that you use every day: the telephone, radio, television, and the thousands of other things that enrich our lives today, were once only ideas in the minds of men. If it had not been possible to patent their ideas, so as to protect them from being copied, these inventions might never have

12、 been fully developed to serve human beings.If there were no patent protection there would be little encouragement to invent, for once the secrets of an invention became known, those who did not experience the inventors risks and expenses(花费) might well fill the market with their copies of his produ

13、ct and steal much of the benefit (益处) of his efforts.The most basic values in the U. S. patent system came from England. During the rule of Queen Elizabeth I in England, the growing technology was furthered by the giving of exclusive privileges (独家特权) to people who had invented new processes (程序) or

14、 toolsa step that did much to encourage creativity. Later, an important value was added: society had everything to gain and nothing to lose by giving exclusive privileges to an inventor, because a patent for an invention was given for something new that society never had before.George Washington sig

15、ned the first patent law on April 10, 1790, and less than four months later, the first patent was given to a man named Samuel Hopkins for a chemical process, an improved method in soap making. In 1936, the Patent Office became a separate department and it has grown into an organization of over 2,500

16、 people who every week deal with more than 1,600 patent applications, and of those, give more than 1,000. A patent may be given for any new and useful process, machine, or planning method. The patent system has also helped to improve the pay of the American worker to an unexpected level; he can prod

17、uce and earn more by using computers or adding machines, two important patented inventions. Patented inventions also help keep prices down by encouraging competition. Our patent laws, like the Constitution from which they grew, have stood the test of time. They have encouraged creative processes, br

18、ought great benefits to society as a whole, and enabled American technology to outstrip that of the rest of the modern world. 56. From the passage, what can we learn about inventors? A. They make a lot of money.B. They fight against copiers.C. They have a lot of experience.D. They put effort into in

19、ventions.57. Why were inventors given exclusive privileges?A. Because their inventions made leaders happy.B. Because their creativity is very important.C. Because their inventions could enlarge society.D. Because they were the smartest people in society.58. According to the passage, the patent syste

20、m is good for America because _.A. it helps more workers get jobsB. it provides a first-class serviceC. it produces less expensive thingsD. it helps inventors find markets59. What is the meaning of “outstrip” in the last paragraph?A. be better than B. catch up with C. make better use of D. cost more

21、 than2012通州 CThe note read, “Call Margaret at 555-6167.” As a car instructor (教员), I often got calls from people to repair their cars. I dialed. A voice answered, “I have something to tell you.” “All right,” I answered, looking at the clock. I only had a few minutes before I went back to class. “Yes

22、terday I was driving when my car started acting up (出故障). It was late at night. I was so afraid to stop the car to the side of the rode, but finally my car just broke down. I sat there wondering what to do.” I really needed to get back to class. “Would you like me to look at your car?” I asked. “Let

23、 me finish. Suddenly, two young men came. I didnt know what they were going to do. I was so scared.” “They asked me what happened and said they might be able to get the car running again. I sat in the car hoping that these men werent doing something bad. A few minutes later, they started the car. It

24、 started right up! They told me the car would be fine but that I should get it checked out.” “And youd like me to look at it, right?” I asked. “No,” the woman went on. “I was so thankful. I offered them money, but they wouldnt take it. Then they told me they were former (以前的) students of yours.” “Wh

25、at?” I asked in surprise. “Who were they?” “They didnt tell me. They just gave me your name and the schools name and made me call to thank you. I hope you know how thankful I am.” I didnt know what to say. I always tried to teach students to be honest and other things about life use what you know to

26、 help others. My students helped someone because of what I had taught them in my classroom. I had just got the greatest reward a teacher could ever get. 50. Why did Margaret want the instructor to call her?A. Because she wanted the instructor to repair her car.B. Because she wanted to be the instruc

27、tors student.C. Because the instructor had helped her to repair her car.D. Because the instructors students had helped her.51. The passage does NOT mention the instructor taught students to _. A. be honest B. repair cars C. help others D. thank teachers52. We can infer that the author was _.A. pleas

28、ant for what his students had doneB. proud of his students driving skillC. unhappy for being late for classD. glad that Margarets car had been well2012顺义 CA desert is a very dry land where there is hardly any rain. In the day, it can be so hot that you could fry an egg on the ground. But during the

29、night it is sometimes so cold that water would turn into ice.Many desserts are covered in sand. But some have mountains, rocks, or lakes that have dried up in the heat. The Great American Dessert has cliffs (悬崖) that have been made into amazing and beautiful shapes by the wind. The Sahara Desert in

30、Africa is mostly sand. The Australian Desert has red sand.Sometimes it does not rain for a whole year in the desert. But there is water deep under the ground and some plants have roots that go very deep to find it. Other plants have roots that spread out a long way so they can suck up the rain as so

31、on as it falls.One desert plant is the cactus, which has long, spreading roots.The cactus stores water inside its hard skin. This skin protects it from heat and cold.Camels are a bit like cactus plants! They store water, tooinside their bodies. They have special fur which protects them from the sun

32、during the day and keeps them warm at night. Some other animals live in deserts, too. They have to be very good at seeing and hearing because most of them only come out at night. This is why many desert animals have extra big eyes or ears.A desert fox has bigger ears than a normal fox. A gerbil (沙鼠)has huge eye, so that it can see at night. It stays cool in the day by staying underground, like most desert animals.Some people live in the desert but t