高中英语人教版 选修10Unit 4 SectionⅣ GrammarWriting.docx

1、高中英语人教版 选修10Unit 4 Section GrammarWritingSection_Using_Language.高频单词点击1resemble (vt.)像；类似resemblance (n.)类似；相似点2tend (vi.)倾向tendency (n.)倾向；趋势3messy (adj.)肮脏的；凌乱的；杂乱的mess (n.)杂乱；纷乱；混乱4tiresome (adj.)烦人的；令人厌烦的tire (v.)使厌烦tired (adj.)厌烦的tiring (adj.)令人疲倦的；辛苦的5vague (adj.)含糊的；不清楚的vaguely (adv.)含糊地；暧昧地6

2、bonus (n.)红利；奖金；津贴7oral (adj.)口头的；口述的orally (adv.)口头上；用口述；口服地8component (n.)成分；组成部分9concrete (adj.)具体的；有形的.重点短语必记1tend_to (do sth.) 易于；往往会(做某事)2go shopping 去购物3rely on 依靠；依赖4have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事费力5concentrate on 集中精力于6add up 加起来7make sense 有意义8congratulations on 祝贺.常用句型必备1I find it tires

3、ome to sit and concentrate on anything for a long time.2Its never too late to learn.3I like to follow a map rather_than written or spoken directions.功能意念项目Give advice1You should .2Why dont you .?3How about .?4Its worth a go.5Do you know what else you might be able to do?6Ive thought of something you

4、 could do.1resemble vt.像；类似He strongly resembles his father.他酷似他的父亲。resemble sb./sth.in sth. 在方面像She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character.她的外表像她姐姐，但性格不像。温馨提示：(1)resemble不能用于进行时态中，也无被动语态。(2)resemble是及物动词，本身已含有“与”的意思，故不必再加with。resemblance n 相似；相像have some/no/little resemblance (s) t

5、o sb./sth. 与某人/物在某方面有一些/没有/几乎不相似The resemblance between Tom and his brother was remarkable.汤姆和他的哥哥十分相像。Your story seems to have no resemblances to the facts.你所说的似乎与事实不符。即境活用1 介词填空/用所给词的适当形式填空(1)The two objects resemble each other in nature.(2)This is a disease resembling(resemble) flu in some way.2t

6、end vi.倾向；趋向vt.照料；照管；接待；服侍tend to do sth. 易于；有的趋势tend to/towards sth. 朝某方向；趋于；趋向I tend to know Middle Eastern countries pretty well.我还算是比较熟悉中东国家的。The coastline tends to/towards the south here.海岸线在此处转向南方。tendency n 趋向；倾向；脾性have a tendency to do sth. 有做的倾向His tendency to speak ill of others makes his

7、roommates angry.他老是说别人的坏话，使同寝室的人很生气。即境活用2 完成句子(1)He tends_to_get_angry (容易生气) when people oppose to his plan.(2)She has a_tendency_to_forget (有遗忘的倾向) things.3messy adj.肮脏的；凌乱的；混乱的The house is always messy.这房子总是乱糟糟的。It was a messy job.这是一份很脏的工作。mess n 肮脏；混乱；许多；大量v. 弄脏；弄乱in a mess 杂乱；在困境中make a mess o

8、f 把搞糟mess up 弄糟I have made a mess of things.我把事情搞糟了。This wind will mess my hair up.这风会吹乱我的头发。即境活用3完成句子(1)The economy of the country is in_a_mess (陷入困境)(2)I dont want you to mess_up (弄乱) my nice clean kitchen.4tiresome adj.令人厌烦的；烦人的This is really a tiresome job.这真是令人厌烦的工作。How tiresome！I have left my

9、watch behind.真烦人！我忘记戴手表了。tire v 使累tired adj. 感到累的tiring adj. 令人厌倦的get tired ofbe tired of 对厌倦be/get tired from/with 因为而劳累I am/get tired of listening to the same music.我讨厌总是听相同的音乐。The boy was tired from long study.那个男孩因长时间的学习而感到累了。即境活用4 用tire的适当形式填空(1)Reading small print tires the eyes very much.(2)T

10、his child is sometimes tiresome.(3)He got tired of teaching in the same school.1rely on依靠；依赖；指望rely on sb./sth. to do sth. 指望/相信某人/某物会做某事rely on doing sth. 依赖/信任/指望rely on it that . 相信；指望These days, we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来组织安排我们的工作。Dont rely on going abroad

11、 for our holiday; we may not be able to afford it.不要指望去国外度假，我们可能负担不起。You can rely on it that it will rain this weekend.你放心好了，本周末一定会下雨。即境活用5 一句多译你可以相信我会帮助你。(1)You_can_rely_on_me_to_help_you.(2)You_can_rely_on_it_that_I_can_help_you.2make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通This sentence just doesnt make sense, no matter

12、 how you read it.无论你怎样读这个句子，它还是讲不通。make sense of 理解；明白make no sense 没道理；没意义in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说in no sense 决不(放于句首时常用部分倒装)There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没道理The lectures offer students the chance to make sense of English grammar.这些讲座提供机会让学生理解英语语法。Planning so far ahead makes no sense so many t

13、hings will have changed by next year.提前这么久做计划没有意义到第二年许多事情都会发生变化。In no sense do you tell lies to your family.你决不可向家人撒谎。即境活用6完成句子/介词填空/用所给词的适当形式填空(1)老师所解释的讲不通。What the teacher explained didnt make_sense.(2)你能理解这个句子吗？Can you make_sense_of the sentence?(3)What she says is true in a sense, but not always

14、.(4)There is no sense in arguing (argue) with her about the affair.1I find it tiresome to sit and concentrate on anything for a long time.如果长时间坐着并集中注意力于某事，我会感到很厌倦。本句为findit(形式宾语)宾语补足语(形容词/名词)动词不定式(真正宾语)句型。(1)此句型完整的形式是：主语find/think/feel/make/consider . itn./adj.for/of sb.to do .。其中for/of引出动词不定式的逻辑主语。

15、其中it是形式宾语，代替不定式。I consider it possible to have a talk with him.我认为与他交谈一下是有可能的。(2)it作形式宾语也可以代替从句。I have made it clear that I object to the plan.我已经表明我反对这个计划。(3)当宾语补足语是no use, no good, useless等时，真正的宾语要用动名词。I consider it no use talking with him; he wont listen to others.我认为和他交谈无用，他不会听别人的话的。(4)it 作为形式宾语

16、还可以用在像I like/hate/appreciate/enjoy/dislike/prefer/depend on/rely on/see to it that/when .等句式中。I like it when there are friends around me.我喜欢有朋友和我在一起。即境活用7代词填空/用所给词的适当形式填空(1)I like it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(2)I think it important for students to_learn (learn) English well

17、.2Its never too late to learn.活到老，学到老。本句为“too . to”结构，表示“太而不能”。The question is too difficult to answer.这个问题太难而无法回答。(1)too . to .和表示人的心理状态的形容词连用，不表示否定意义，此类词有happy, glad, ready, anxious, eager, willing, pleased, thankful等。He is too ready to talk.他爱说话。(2)把never/not等否定词放在too前，表示肯定，译作“并不太所以能”；加在to前，译作“太不

18、至于不”。He is too careful not to have noticed it.他那么细心不会注意不到这一点。(3)cannot . too .无论也不过分；越越好You cannot be too careful.你无论怎么仔细也不过分。即境活用8 完成句子(1)Its too late for_the_work_to_be_done (工作做不完)(2)The shop manager always says to his assistants，“We can never_be_too_polite_to (对越有礼貌越好) our customers.”3I like to

19、follow a map rather_than written or spoken directions. 我喜欢按照地图而不是书面或口头指示(找到目的地)。(1)rather与than连用时，其作用相当于连词，通常用于平行结构中。常译为“与其说不如说”；“不是而是”。She is a teacher rather than an artist.她是老师而不是艺术家。Im rather bored than tired.我与其说疲惫，不如说是厌倦。(2)rather than可用于prefer之后，构成句型：sb.prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.，常译

20、为“某人宁愿做而不愿做”。He preferred to stay at home watching TV rather than go to the concert.他宁愿坐在家里看电视也不愿去听音乐会。(3)rather than后接动词不定式时，可省略不定式符号to。I decided to write rather than (to) telephone.我决定写信而不是打电话。or rather 确切地说other than 除了would rather do A than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做BHe had no friends other than Mary.他除了玛丽，没

21、有朋友。Her husband got home late, or rather at one oclock in the morning.她丈夫回家很晚，确切地说，是凌晨1点。即境活用9 用所给词的适当形式填空(1)I would rather stay (stay) home than go (go) on a trip in such a rainy day.(2)Rather than ride (ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers to_ride (ride) a bicycle.建 议 信【写作任务】假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Pete

22、r发来电子邮件向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写一封电子邮件回复他。要点：1参加中文学习班；2看中文书刊、电视；3学唱中文歌曲；4交中国朋友。注意：1词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【范文在线】Dear Peter，Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.Here are a few suggestions.First, it is important to take a Chinese course, as youll be able to le

23、arn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible. Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so youll learn and remember Chinese words more easil

24、y. You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.Try and write to me in Chinese next time.Best wishes.Li Hua【靓点点击】1首先格式正确，符合书信体的要求，结构符合给人提建议的三段式：提出情况(asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well)，写建议的背景。提出自己的建议。结束语及签名。全文重点突出，层次分明。2使用了一些过

25、渡词及连接词first, then, besides等，文中使用了分词短语asking for my advice ., by doing so，原因状语从句as youll be able to . because by doing so youll .，倒装句Here are a few suggestions，形式主语it is important to .和it also helps to .，省略句whenever possible，使文章句式多样，语言鲜活。建议信是书信的一种，属应用文范畴，写这类文章应注意以下几点：一、基本框架1开头(beginning)开门见山，向对方陈述自己的

26、观点(state your idea)。2主体(body)对所提出的问题进行分析并说明理由，接着提出自己的建议(reasons and evidence)。3结尾(ending)呼应开头，重申观点(restate your opinion)。二、注意事项1开门见山，直入主题。在书信正文的开头找准话题的切入点，自然而然地引出自己想要谈的主题。写信时要充分了解情况，有的放矢，以提高书信的针对性。2给出希望对方采取或者终止某种行为的理由。在陈述理由的过程中要换位思考，尽量为对方考虑。要用事实说话，以增强说服力。3语气要和缓，让对方考虑你的想法或者建议，以理服人是关键，不能把自己的想法强加于人。4给出

27、合理建议，通过提建议让对方明确行动的方向，从而达到写信的最终目的。假设你叫刘云，准备参加学校举行的“我给市长提建议”英语作文大赛。目前，你所在的城市已经基本实现城乡公交一体化，由此你想到了公交车司机们。请你结合下表提示，用英语给市长(Mayor)写一封信。词数100左右。建议建立“公交司机节”(Bus Drivers Day)背景越来越多的人乘坐公交车出行公交车司机也随之越来越多公交车司机服务大众，工作辛苦时间在每年月日庆祝原因_参考范文：Dear Mr.Mayor，Im writing to you about starting a Bus Drivers Day.These years,

28、we are happy to have buses going between every city, every town and almost every village. Now more and more people both in cities and in the countryside are traveling by bus, so more and more bus drivers are working for us. They have to work very hard, from morning till night. Its not easy for them,

29、 especially during holidays.To thank them, I think it necessary to have a Bus Drivers Day. It will be good if we celebrate it on October 7th every year, because its the last day of National Day Golden Week, and people can celebrate it with bus drivers, even the buses.Buses are playing an important role in our daily life, and I hope you can spare your time and think about my idea.Best wishes!Liu Yun.单词拼写1Through the fog we saw the vague outline of a ship.2Have you any concrete