K12教育学习资料高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解基础选练3.docx

1、K12教育学习资料高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解基础选练3四川彭山县2016高考英语阅读理解二轮基础选练（3）【2015高考复习】阅读理解Former Irish President Mary Robinson was just making a polite conversation with an Ethiopian (埃塞俄比亚的) teenager about her wedding day.The 16yearold had already been married for a year.“She looked at me with the saddest eyes and said，I

2、 had to drop out of school， ” Robinson said in a telephone interview.“That conveyed to me the reality，” said Robinson，the first woman to serve as Irelands president and former UN.High Commissioner for Human Rights.“Her life，as far as she is concerned，had more or less ended.”Robinson said keeping gir

3、ls in school was one of the most important things policymakers could do to address the coming challenges of an everincreasing population，predicted by the United Nations to reach 7 billion soon.“European countries are concerned about aging populations，but this is much less of an issue than the huge n

4、umber of people which we are going to see over the next 40 years when the population goes from 7 billion to 9 billion，”she said.“Almost all of that increase will be in poor developing countries，so that we have a very big challenge.”Family planning experts worry in particular about the future populat

5、ion explosion in SubSaharan Africa.In May，the United Nations projected the world population would reach 9.3 billion in 2050 and 10.1 billion by 2100.Much of that growth will come from Africa，where the population is growing at 2.3 percent a yearmore than double Asias 1 percent growth rate.If that rat

6、e stays consistent，which is not certain，Africas population will reach 3.6 billion by 2100 from the present 1 billion.Joel Cohen，a professor of population studies at Rockefeller University and Columbia University in New York，said universal secondary education offered a way to reduce population in hig

7、h birth rate regions.In addition to providing information about birth control，a secondary education teaches women to reduce their own fertility，improve the health of their children and allows them to move from a mindset of having many children in the hope that some will survive to improve the qualit

8、y of each childs life，Cohen wrote in the journal Nature.【语篇解读】人口的快速增长困扰着世界。有关人士指出，控制人口快速增长的一种方式就是提高女性的受教育水平，进而改变人们头脑中固有的传统生育观念。1In the first paragraph，the author introduces his topic by_.Agiving an exampleBexplaining the authors opinionsCdescribing the poor education systemDcoming straight to the to

9、pic解析篇章结构题。在本段中，作者以爱尔兰前总统Mary Robinson与埃塞俄比亚的一位已婚少女的交谈为例引入话题，所以A项正确。答案A2What can we learn from the passage?ARobinson is happy after talking to the Ethiopian girl.BRobinson is a successful expert in population studies.CRobinson is worried about the population growth.DRobinson encourages female educat

10、ion.解析推理判断题。第二段引号中的内容提到“欧洲国家担心出现人口老龄化问题，但与人口快速增长相比，这算不了什么。几乎所有的人口增长都发生在发展中国家，这将是一个巨大的挑战。”由此可推断她担心的是人口增长问题。答案C3What is Joel Cohens view about secondary education?AIt provides basic knowledge of heahh.BIt reduces aging population.CIt makes people pay more attention to education.DIt can change peoples

11、parenting ideas.解析推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句可知，Joel Cohen在自然杂志中写到中学教育可以改变人们的育儿理念。答案D4According to the passage，the most important way to control high population growth is_.Alet girls go away from AfricaBkeep girls in schoolClet young girls remain singleDkeep girls in families解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句前半部分中的内容可知，控制人口快速增长

12、的最重要的方式之一是让女孩儿上学。答案B写人记事（阅读理解）由 (2013浙江宁波高三上期末)改编I was a fat kid who grew into an overweight adult.I was constantly laughed at for being heavier than the other kids,leaving me feeling shy.I tried several diets,but none worked,and I ended up gaining weight.Another factor contributing to my weight gai

13、n was my love for cooking,especially rich,high-fat desserts,which I enjoyed preparing and,of course,eating.When I finished high school at the age of 18,I weighed 215 pounds.Lacking the self-confidence to go to a new,faraway school,I decided to stay close to home instead of going away to college.I co

14、ntinued with my unhealthful eating habits and felt more miserable as the weight came on,but I did nothing about it except buy larger plus-size clothes.My turning point came 10 years later at a friends New Years Eve party when I was at my all-time highest weight of 330 pounds.I caught my reflection i

15、n a mirror and the truth hit me: I was overweight and unhealthy,and unless I did something about it now,I would only get bigger and unhappier.After leaving the party,I thought about my past weight-loss efforts and realized they didnt work because they required me to give up foods I loved.Then I woul

16、d constantly think about food and binge,abandoning the diet altogether.If I took a common-sense approach and ate smaller portions of all foods,I would be able to satisfy my hunger and not feel deprived.My biggest challenge was finding a way to fit my passion for cooking into my healthier lifestyle.A

17、t first,I tried to stay away from the kitchen to prevent myself from thinking about food.The result: Food was all I thought about.There had to be some way to combine cooking with healthful eating.I found the solution after reading several low-fat cookbooks.With some trial and error,I could modify my

18、 favorite foods and make them low in fat,yet delicious.The pounds started coming off,and when I started exercising(usually cardio and weight training five times a week),they seemed to melt away.I didnt feel deprived,and I felt free to give my body the care and attention it deserved.I lost 165 pounds

19、 over the next two years.I had many ups and downs,but I was determined to go on.Another challenge to me was not to beat myself up if I ate something that was unhealthy and to take it as a sign to abandon my healthful habits.Instead,I vowed to start again and always keep my goal in mind.Thanks to los

20、ing weight and becoming fit I am in line with my body and myself.My dream is to help others realize the ease and benefits of low-fat cooking and eating.Ive created and published a book of low-fat recipes(食谱) and run workshops and seminars(研讨会) on healthful eating.Now that I know what I can achieve w

21、hen I set my mind to it,my dreams are no longer out of reach.I have finally found myself.1.What factor contributed to the authors failure in losing her weight at first?()A.Her laziness in starting exercising.B.Her unwillingness to abandon low-fat desserts.C.Her passion for cooking and unhealthy eati

22、ng habits.D.Her lack of maintenance tips.2.What did the author do as she kept on gaining weight?()A.She tried a few low-fat diets.B.She decided to stay away from home.C.She bought herself clothes of larger sizes.D.She could do nothing except that she felt deprived.3.The authors story tells us that .

23、A.it is important to have a balanced dietB.cooking by oneself will make one healthyC.trial and error is important in learning cookingD.reading cookbooks will help to build up a good eating habit4.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?()A.She missed opportunity to attend

24、college because of her shyness.B.She didnt attend the New Years Eve party because of her weight.C.Her dream of becoming a beautiful girl came true after she lost weight.D.She didnt seriously consider losing her weight until she realized how fat she was.5.It can be concluded from the passage that .A.

25、you will live a healthy life if you cook yourself every dayB.you will feel deprived if one fails to give attention to your bodyC.it is the most important thing for you to have some maintenance tips in order to keep fitD.being overweight can not only be bad for your health but also bring you much tro

26、uble in your life语篇解读:一个偶然的机会使一个因为随心所欲进食而导致体重严重超重的女孩改变了饮食的态度和方法,通过不懈的努力终于减肥成功。答案及剖析:1.C细节理解题。由第一段的.my weight gain was my love for cooking,especially rich,high-fat desserts,which I enjoyed preparing and,of course,eating可知,作者体重增加的原因是酷爱烹饪和吃高脂肪的甜点导致的,故选C项。2.C细节理解题。由第二段的.as the weight came on,but I did n

27、othing about it except buy larger plus-size clothes可知,随着作者体重的增加,她唯一能做的事情就是买更大号的衣服,故选C项。其他三项均不符合文章的内容。3.A主旨大意题。作者通过自己辛苦减肥的经历,告诉大家健康饮食的重要性。最后一段的My dream is to help others realize the ease and benefits of low-fat cooking and eating表达了作者的愿望,故选A项。4.D细节理解题。前两段提到作者虽然很胖,但一点也不注意饮食,在第三段提到参加朋友的新年聚会时看到镜子里肥胖且不健康

28、的自己,猛然惊醒,故选D项。由第二段的Lacking the self-confidence to go to a new,faraway school,I decided to stay close to home instead of going away to college可排除A项;由第三段的My turning point came 10 years later at a friends New Years Eve party.可排除B项;由最后一段的前两句话可排除C项。5.D推理判断题。由全文内容可知,作者一开始由于肥胖而遭到别人嘲笑,因此变得不自信,而且也严重影响了身体健康,故

29、选D项。【疑难词汇解读】1.deprived adj.被剥夺的;贫困的;缺少食物的He had a deprived childhood.他有过贫困的孩提时代。2.out of reach 够不着,达不到The ball was out of my reach.我够不着这个球。【长难句子分析】 既然我知道了当我专心做事的时候我会成功,我的梦想就不再遥远了。阅读理解概述（2）题型探究 探究点一细节理解题一、题型特点与命题方式所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, w

30、hy和how等提问)、语义转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型题的基础。这类题型的题干常为：When / Where did the story happen?Which of the following statements is (not) correct?Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage?Which is the

31、right order of the events given in the passage?All the statements are true except该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。二、解题思路与应试技巧 细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。通常细节

32、题的正确选项有以下特征：1对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。2词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。3语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言进行简化，成为正确答案。4正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征：1将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。2把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。3无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。4偷换概念