形容词的比较级资料.docx

1、形容词的比较级资料形容词的比较级 互动研学 形容词的比较级(一)1. 形容词比较级和最高级的规则构成(1)单音节的在词尾加-er或-est。例如：old o1der oldestkind kinder kindest直false(虚假的)，just(公正的)，wrong(错误的)，real(真的)虽是单音节，通常加more或most。 (2)单音节的词其最后一个字母为辅音字母，而其前 又为单元音时，要双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est。如：hot hotter hottestfat fatter fattest (3)双音节的词也可加-er或-est，尤其词尾为-er，-ow, -ple，-

2、tle等时。如：narrow narrower narrowestsimple simpler simplestgentle gentler gentlestproper的比较级却为more proper。 (4)词尾为“辅音字母+y”时，先将y变成i，再加-er或-est。如：merry merrier merriestugly uglier ugliest但词尾为“元音字母+y”时，y不变，直接加-er或-est。如：gay gayer gayestgray grayer grayestgrey greyer greyest (5)双音节词中特别由-ful,-less，-able，-ous

3、, -ive, -ing等结尾的词，及三音节以上的单词，通常加more，most。如：beautiful more beautiful most beautifullaughable more laughable most laughablediligent more diligent most diligentleisure more leisure most leisuresatisfactory more satisfactory most satisfactory (6)“劣等”比较，是在原级形容词之前加less，least，而构成比较级与最高级。kind less kind leas

4、t kinduseful less useful least usefulYou are less tall than she. 你没有她高。His brother is less diligent than he.他哥哥没有他用功。 (7)一些复合形容词的比较等级bad-tempered worse-tempered worst-temperedcold-blooded more cold-blooded most cold-bloodedfine-looking finer-looking finest-lookinggood-hearted better-hearted best-hea

5、rtedhard-working harder-working hardest-working2. 形容词比较级和最高级的不规则构成good /well better bestbad / ill/ evil worse worstmany / much more mostlittle less leastold older/elder oldest/eldestlate later latestfar farther/further farthest/furthestwell作“健康的”解，只能作表语或补语，不能作定语。He has been ill since a few days ago.

6、他病了好几天了。But he is a little better today. 但他今天好一点儿了。比较等级变化歌诀比较级要变化，一般词尾加-er。词尾若有哑音e，直接加r就可以。一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写。辅音字母加y；要把y改i。最高级加-est，前面加the莫忘记。形容词若是多音节，只把more，most前面写。还有一些不规则，我们还要多总结。不规则变化有：“两多”many，muchmoremost“两好”good，wellbetterbest“两坏”ill，badworseworst“一老”oldolder/elderoldest/eldest“一远”farfarther/fur

7、therfarthest/furthest (二)句式1，基本句式(1)as+原级+asShe is as beautiful as her mother (is).她和她的母亲一样漂亮。(2)as+原级+名词+asShe has as much money as I (have).她有和我同样多的钱。(3)复数主语+系动词+the same(或similar，alike，different)。如：These books are the same. 这些书都一样。(4)单数主语+系动词+the same as(或similar to, like，different from)+代(名)词等。如

8、:This book is the same as that one.这本书和那本一样。2. “超过”的比较(1)比较级+thanHealth is more important than wealth.健康比财富更重要。(2)more than与其说不如说She is more wise than diligent.She is wise rather than diligent.与其说她勤勉不如说聪明。(3)比较级+and+比较级 越来越She is growing fatter and fatter. 她长得越来越胖了。(4)the+比较级，the+比较级 越就越The more he

9、reads，the less he understands.他越读越不明白。3. “不及”的比较(1)less+原级+than (not so+原级+as)Helen is less busy than Mary. 海伦没有玛丽忙。Helen is not so busy as Mary. 海伦不像玛丽那样忙。(2)no moreonly 不过，仅仅not more thanat most最多I have no more than ten dollars in my pocket.我口袋里只有10美元。I have not more than dollars in my pocket.我口袋里

10、量多也不过10美元。(3)no morethannotany more than和样不not morethannotas没有到的程度，像那样He is no more generous than John.He is not generous any more than John.他和约翰一样不大方He is no more a fool than John.He is not a fool any more than John.他和约翰一样不是傻瓜。注意：no+比较级+than表示前者和后者一样不，往往表示前后都否定。(4)no less thanas much(or many)as多达，那

11、样多not less thanat least最少He has no less, than five children.He has as many as five children.他有5个孩子之多。He had not less than five children.He has at least five children. 他至少有5个孩子。(5) no lessthanasas和一样not less+原级+thanperhaps+比较级+than至少不比差；也许比更He is no less busy than a beeHe is as busy as a bee. 他像蜜蜂一样忙

12、。小窍门：级与级转换原级与比较级之间的转换：可用“less+比较级+than”替换“not so/as+原级”。比较级之间的转换：常改变比较对象的位置或使用反义词。最高级与比较级之间的转换：用“比较级+than + any other+名词单数”。用“比较级+than+a11 the other+名词复数”。用“比较级+than +anyone/anybody或anything + else”。用“否定词+比较级+than。用“否定词+as/so+原级+as”。4. “最”的比较(1)the+最高级(+单数名词one) +of+人或物(复数)/in+场所(单数)The Yangtze Rive

13、r is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河。(2)thee+最高级+单数名词+that (ever)He was the greatest musician that ever lived.他是世上最伟大的音乐家。(3)be +one of + the+最高级+复数名词(表若干最高级中之一)She is one of the most beautiful girls in our school.她是我们学校最漂亮的女孩之一。一句多译 罗丝是她们班上最高的女生。Rose is taller than any other girl in her class.

14、Rose is taller than any of the other girls in her class.Rose is taller than the other girls in her class. Rose is taller than the rest of the girls in her class.Rose is the tallest girl in her class.Rose is the tallest of the girls in her class.Nobody is taller than Rose in her class.注意：英语中表达最高级意义的几

15、种特殊形式比较级+than any other+名词Hydrogen is lighter than any other chemical element of all. 氢比其他任何化学元素都轻。比较级+than+anyone else/anything else/ever beforeHe is brighter than anyone else in his class.他比班上所有其他同学都聪明。单数名词+of+同一名词复数It is well-known to a11 that grain is the treasure of treasures. 众所周知，粮食是宝中之宝(最宝贵的

16、东西)。more+形容词原级+than the+同一形容词的名词Xiao Li is more Chinese than the Chinese.小李是最地道的中国人。as+原级+as any+(名词)He is as foolish any (man) in the world.他是世界上最愚蠢的人。as+原级+as ever+动词过去式It was as disagreeable a task as had ever fallen on his lot. 那是他一生中所遇到的工作中最不愉快的工作。never+so/such+原级+名词Never had such high honors b

17、een awarded to a nationalized Chinese in the USA过去从没有将这样高的荣誉授予一位美籍华人。否定意义的词+so+原级+asNothing is so easy as this.没有比这更容易的事情了。否定意义的词+比较级No other book has had a greater influence on my life任何其他书籍对我一生的影响都不如这本书大。否定意义的词+比较级+thanNever have l read a more interesting book than this one. 我从未读过比这更有趣的书。11be ston

18、es+形容词最高级He is at his happiest in his description of country life.他描写农村生活最拿手。5. 其他形式的比较级句式(1)be senior to 比年龄大(类似于be older than)I am five years senior to Jane. 我比简大5岁。(2)be junior to比年轻(类似于be younger than)Jane is five years junior to me. 简比我小5岁。(3)be superior to比优秀(类似于be better than)This computer is

19、 superior to the one you bought，这台电脑比你买的那台要好。(4) be inferior to比差(类似于be worse than)This photo is inferior to that one.这张照片比那张差。 (三)注意事项：形容词比较级8注意(1)asas结构如果变为否定句，第一个as可改句so。She is not as/so beautiful as her mother.她不像她母亲那样漂亮。(2)not so much asnot even连都不He can not so much as spell his own name.Hecan

20、not even spell his own name.他连自己的姓名都拼不出来。(3)在“比较级+them”结构中，非正式用法用I am taller than him. (此时than被视为介词)，正式用法为I am taller than he(is)。但是than后用主格或宾格的意义不同。如：I like you better than he(likes you)，我喜欢你甚于他喜欢你。I like you better than (I like)him.我喜欢你甚于我喜欢他。(4)有时用of the two代替than，不过要在比较级前加the。如：Which is the more

21、 useful(metal)，iron or gold?铁和金，哪一个比较有用些?(5)原级之前不可用much，要用very；比较级之前不能用very，要用much或far等。如：正：Thisis much/far bigger than that.这个远比那个大。正：This is very much bigger than that.这个远比那个大。误：This is very bigger than that. 这个远比那个大。(6)最高级之前有所有格名词或代词时不加the。如She is my/Johns youngest sister.她是我/约翰的最小的妹妹。(7)most若作“大部分”或“大多数”解时，则不用the。如：Most People think so. 大部分人都这么想。(8)能够修饰比较级的词语主要有：much，far，a great deal，a little，even，still，yet，a lot，a bit，rather，twice，many times及分数、百分数以及数词等。如：He is three years older than I.He is older than I by three years. 他大我三岁。