版高考英语一轮复习第一编教材回眸Unit1Greatscientists讲义新人教版必修5.docx

1、版高考英语一轮复习第一编教材回眸Unit1Greatscientists讲义新人教版必修5Unit 1 Great scientists 听第1段材料，回答第1题。1What subject does the man like best?AHistory. BBiology.CChemistry.答案：A听第2段材料，回答第2题。2What is the male speaker?AA student. BA president.CA professor.答案：A听第3段材料，回答第3题。3What is the womans opinion about the course?AToo har

2、d. BWorth taking. CVery easy.答案：B听第4段材料，回答第4、5题。4What time is it now?A1：45. B2：10.C2：15.答案：A5What will the man do?AWork on a project.BSee Linda in the library.CMeet with Professor Smith.答案：C【技巧点拨】在听力题中，有时并不明确给出信息，而需要考生根据所听到的内容进行推理、整合，从而判断出正确答案。如第2题中，根据“take on students”和“well have more chances . ”可推

3、断出说话人的身份为学生。Text 1M：What have you been studying?W：Biology and chemistry.I like natural sciences.How about you?M：I prefer social sciences. I like history best.Text 2W：Have you heard our president is starting a new program?M：Oh, really? How will it benefit us?W：The program requires professors to take

4、on students in their research projects. Then, well have more chances of gathering research experience.Text 3M：This course is really difficult.W：I dont think its all that bad, and well benefit a lot from it.M：So youre taking it too?W：Thats true.Text 4M：By the way, do you know what time it is?W：Well,

5、its 1：45.M：Oh, Ive got to go.W：See Linda in the library?M：No. Actually Im going to meet with Professor Smith at 2：10. You may continue a project discussion with Michael.W：All right.1核心单词(1)conclude(vt. & vi.) 结束；推断出conclusion(n.) 结论；结束(2)defeat(vt.) 打败；战胜；使受挫 (n.) 失败(3)attend(vt.) 照顾；护理；出席；参加(4)expo

6、se(vt.) 暴露；揭露；使曝光exposure(n.) 暴露；揭发(5)cure(n.) 治愈；痊愈 (vt.) 治愈；治疗(6)challenge(n.) 挑战 (vt.) 向挑战(7)suspect(vt.) 认为；怀疑 (n.) 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯(8)blame(vt.) 责备；谴责 (n.) 过失；责备(9)pollute(vt.) 污染；弄脏pollution(n.) 污染(10)contribute(vt. & vi.) 捐献；贡献；捐助contribution(n.) 贡献2阅读单词(1)scientific (adj.) 科学的 (2)analyse (vt.) 分析 (3

7、)expert (adj.) 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的(n.) 专家；行家 (4)victim (n.) 受害者 (5)absorb (vt.) 吸收；吸引；使专心 (6)instruct (vt.) 命令；指示；教导 (7)construct (vt.) 建设；修建 (8)positive (adj.) 积极的；肯定的；确实的 (9)enthusiastic (adj.) 热情的；热心的 (10)cautious (adj.) 小心的；谨慎的 【即景活用】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1That year, I _(attend) a seminar where we were asked

8、to create a project that would touch the world.答案：attended2Instead of _(blame) the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go.答案：blaming3In the end the idea almost leads them to the same _(conclude)答案：conclusion4After he was _(cure) of the cancer, he lived a normal l

9、ife.答案：cured5Not knowing what was wrong with his car, Tom decided to send for an experienced man _(handle) the problem.答案：to handle6These soldiers were put in prison because they rejected _(obey) orders.答案：obeying7To our surprise, many rivers and lakes nearby are seriously _(pollute)答案：polluted8When

10、 I came in, he was _(absorb) in reading a new novel.答案：absorbed9Were not saying that everyone needs _(contribute) their lives to the poor.答案：to contribute10The young player was _(defeat) by his partner in the game, but he didnt lose heart.答案：defeated联想积累1后缀sion构成的抽象名词conclusion 结论；结束admission 准许进入；承

11、认confusion 混乱；困惑；混淆expression 词组；表达；表情oppression 压迫；压制permission 允许；许可profession 职业；专业impression 印象2表示“观点；态度”的高频形容词positive 积极的negative 消极的subjective 主观的objective 客观的doubtful 怀疑的critical 批评的1put_forward提出2draw_a_conclusion得出结论3expose . to . 使显露；暴露4be_absorbed_in 全神贯注于；专心致志于5be_to_blame应受责备；应承担责任6lin

12、k . to .将和联系或连接起来 7contribute to 导致；有助于；撰稿 8apart from 除之外；此外 9be strict with 对严格 10make sense 讲得通；有意义 【即景活用】用所给短语的适当形式填空put forward, draw a conclusion, apart from, make sense, contribute to, expose . to . 1.From what is said above, we can _that computers are more a blessing than a disaster.答案：draw

13、a conclusion2I think the plan _by Mr Smith is very reasonable.答案：put forward3_the sun for a long time is harmful to your health.答案：Being exposed to4Positive emotions _both our health and our success.答案：contribute to5Our team, _regular training, will join in a variety of activities.答案：apart from6It d

14、oesnt _to buy that expensive coat when these are cheaper.答案：make sense联想积累1“动词宾语to”短语expose . to .使显露；暴露link . to .将和联系或连接起来add . to .把加到里compare . to . 把比作devote . to . 把奉献于supply . to . 向供应2“be过去分词in”短语be absorbed in 专心于be lost in 陷入；专心致志于be caught in 被困在be buried in 埋头于be occupied in 忙于3与forward搭

15、配的短语put forward 提出look forward to 盼望bring forward 提出step forward 向前迈步1Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。2So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发(霍乱)时，都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。【句式仿写】1_ (老师和他的学生们都没有) come across such a difficult problem.答案：

16、Neither the teacher nor his students have2_ (每次) I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.答案：Every time联想积累1并列连词neither . nor . neither . nor . “既不也不”，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词。either . or . 不是就是not only . but also . 不但而且not . but . 不是而是此外，遵循“就近原则”的还有There be句型。2引导时间状语

17、从句的名词，副词和连词小结作连词，引导时间状语从句的名词短语有：every time, each time, any time, next time, the first time, the moment, the instant, the second, the minute, the hour, the day等。有些副词，如directly, instantly, immediately等也可引导状语从句。关联从属连词no sooner . than, hardly/scarcely/barely . when等也能引导时间状语从句。如果no sooner, hardly/scarcel

18、y/barely位于句首，主句要用倒装语序。 单词点津concludevt. & vi. 结束；推断出教材原句Draw a conclusion 得出结论(1)concludeconclude sth. to conclude 最后(2)come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 总而言之；最后【特别提醒】表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有：in short, in brief, in a word, all in all, to sum up, briefly (speaking), on the whole等。【即景活

19、用】(1)单句语法填空He concluded _their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.答案：from(2)完成句子_ , Id like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.最后，我想说我今天玩得非常开心。The meeting _ .会议于十点钟结束。答案：In conclusionconcluded at ten oclockattendvt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加教材原句John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expe

20、rt, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。attend school/class/church 上学/上课/去教堂attend a meeting/lecture/wedding/funeral/party 参加会议/听演讲/参加婚礼/参加葬礼/出席聚会attend sb. 看护，照料某人attend to 处理，料理(生意或个人事务)；接待(顾客)【特别提醒】attend侧重“参加”之意。attend to作“处理”讲时

21、，与do/deal with近义；另attend作“看护；照料”讲时，与take care of, look after近义。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空If you had told me beforehand, I would _(attend) your wedding.All the participants were required to sign in as they entered the hall _(attend) the meeting.答案：have attendedto attend(2)完成句子I cant go out with you tonight beca

22、use I have an urgent thing to _ .今晚我不能与你一起外出，因为我有一件急事要处理。答案：attend toexposevt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光教材原句But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。expose . to .使暴露于/面临/遭受be exposed to 暴露于；接触expose sb. to sth. 使某人接触到某物exposed adj. 暴露的；

23、无遮蔽的exposure n. 显露；暴露；揭露；曝光【特别提醒】在expose . to . 以及be exposed to .结构中，to为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词。【即景活用】完成句子Dont _direct sunlight, or youll get sunburnt.不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下，否则你会被晒伤。If _the outside surroundings, theyll be stronger and better prepared for their future.置身于外部的环境，他们将变得更强大，并且为未来更好地做准备。Some children ar

24、e never _classical music.一些孩子从来就没有接触过古典音乐。答案：expose your skin toexposed toexposed toabsorbvt. 吸收；吸引；使专心教材原句The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。(1)absorb/attract/draw ones attention 吸引某人的注意absorb . from .从中吸收absorb . into .把

25、吸收进be absorbed by/into 被吞并/吸引(be) absorbed in . 全神贯注于(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空However, when something did interest me, I could become _(absorb)Plants absorb carbon dioxide _the air and moisture from the soil.答案：absorbedfrom(2)完成句子_in painting, John didnt notice eveni

26、ng approaching.全神贯注于画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕降临了。答案：Absorbedblamevt. 责备；谴责n. 过失；责备教材原句It seemed that the water was to blame.看起来水是罪魁祸首。(1)blame sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而责备某人blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for sth.)(对某事)应承担责任；应受责备(用主动形式表被动意义)(2)accept/bear/take the blame for . 对负责；为承担责任put/lay the blame o

27、n sb. 把责任推到某人身上【特别提醒】be to blame 为主动形式表示被动意义，因此不能再用被动语态。【即景活用】完成句子I often had crazy dreams in which I _for Millers accident.我经常做噩梦，在梦中感觉我应该对米勒发生的事故负责。Alice was in low spirits because she _the breakdown of the school computer network.因为被指责要为学校电脑网络的瘫痪负责，艾丽斯的情绪很低落。Many children are afraid of _for faili

28、ng the exam.许多孩子害怕因考试不及格而受责备。I am ready _for the mistake.我准备为这个错误承担责任。答案：was to blamewas blamed forbeing blamedto take/bear/accept the blamecontributevt. & vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助教材原句to contribute捐献(1)contribute . to .向捐献contribute to 有助于；导致；为作贡献；为捐款；为撰稿(2)contribution n. 捐款；捐献；贡献；投送的稿件make a contribution/contributions to 对作出贡献；为捐款【特别提醒】表示“引起，导致；有助于”的词语有：contribute to, result in, bring about, lead to, cause等。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Who made a great _(contribute) to the civil rights movement in the US?Alcohol contributes _100,000 deaths in the US each year.答案：contributionto(2)完成句子If you want to _our newspap