经济口译词汇.docx

1、经济口译词汇CHAPTER 2 REFORM & ECONOMY经济与改革SECTION ： 英译中Aa prudent monetary policy 稳健的货币政策absolute advantage绝对优势accounting会计学、账目清算、财会accountant会计accounting fraud作假帐accounting scandal财务丑闻financial statement财务报表keep the public informed of the financial affairs财务公开acquire购置、获取、购买、 取得所有权acquisition of assets购

2、置资产active balance (passive balance; unfavorable balance) 顺差(逆差)aggregate demand 总需求aggregate supply 总供给allocation of financial resources金融资源配置ample supply 供应充裕an average annual increase/ annual return年均利润anti-dumping measures 反倾销措施areas for the market access市场准入领域asset资产associate company （subsidiary

3、/affiliate）联营公司autarky 自给自足、经济独立authorization bill授权书Bbad loans不良贷款banking银行业bankruptcy protection破产保护boom迅速发展brand names品牌budget预算budget deficit预算赤字budget surplus预算盈余budgetary items预算项目business cycle商业周期business fraud商业欺诈business mechanism创业机制business prototype商业原型、商业模型Ccapital 资本、资金、资产capital flow

4、资金流量cash bonuses现金奖励cash flow 现金流量cashiers cheque 本票certificated public accountant（CPA）注册会计师commerce clause 商业条款commercialization 商品化commodity商品common law习惯法、不成文法company公司corporate （股份有限）公司、企业conglomerate集团企业、跨行业大企业firm公司，尤指合股合伙公司enterprise企业、公司、事业business 工商企业、商务业务establishment公司、企业、商业机构house 商业机构、

5、出版公司outfit 企业、商业组织venture企业comparative advantage相对优势competition and comparison竞争比较competition mechanism竞争机制competition竞争contract 合同consumers association消费者协会consumer confidence消费者信心consumer expectations消费预期conventional industries传统产业core competitiveness核心竞争力cost 成本cost-effectiveness成本效应cutting edge优

6、势Ddealer（jobber, broker）经销商(股票经纪人)deflation（inflation）通货紧缩（通货膨胀）deposit定金、保证金deprecation（appreciation） 贬值（增值）depression萧条、经济不景气的一段时间devaluate 贬值discount rate贴现率distribution 流通分配diversification of investment投资多元化double, triple, quadruple两倍、三倍、四倍Eeconomic globalization 经济全球化economic growth经济增长economic

7、 leverage经济杠杆作用economic regulation经济调节economic returns经济回报、经济效应economics经济学economic ills经济弊病effective Corp. management有效的公司管理“loose and tight” management张弛有度的管理PR （the public relation）公关risk management风险管理transparency management透明管理the two-tier management system双层管理体制top-down management自上而下的管理模式make

8、 ones own management decisions自主经营managerial and technical staff管理技术人员managerial expertise管理知识elasticity弹性、可塑性、灵活度electronic dealing电子交易electronic business (E-business) 电子商务elite精英emerging market新兴市场employment insurance(EI) 就业保险金(旧称UIumemployment insurance，失业保险)annexation and reorganization of enter

9、prises企业兼并重组corporate/ entrepreneurial culture企业文化corporate/ enterprise image企业形象cross-national corporation跨国公司enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit创业精神entrepreneur企业家entrepreneurship企业家身份foreign capital enterprise外资企业foreign invested venture外资企业individual initiative个人主动性initial capital 启动资金listing

10、 of a company 企业上市 multinational corporation跨国公司team spirit团队精神transformation转型transnational corporation跨国公司registered capital注册资本overseas funded enterprises外资企业Ffair competition公平竞争federation 联邦financial fraud金融欺诈financial crisis金融危机financial market金融市场bullion market金银买卖市场cash market现金市场debt market

11、债务市场discount market贴现市场equity market股本市场foreign exchange and derivatives market外汇及衍生产品市场foreign exchange market外汇市场global financial system全球金融体系insurance market保险市场securities market证券市场fiscal 财政的fiscal and monetary levers财经和货币杠杆fiscal budget财政预算fiscal policy财经政策、财务方针fiscal year 财政年度fiscal lever财政杠杆f

12、iscal levy财政税收financial deficit财政赤字fiscal revenue财政收入national revenue财政收入fixed assets固定资产fund/capital/venture capital 资金；资本；风险资金future market 期货市场Ggenerate profit创利GNP at factor cost按成本要素计算的国内生产总值go public上市go under倒闭government spending政府开支grey income灰色收入Great Depression 大萧条Gross domestic product 国内

13、生产总值Gross national product 国民生产总值Hhead-hunter 猎头公司hedge(against)保护、防御手段hedge fund对冲基金high return高收益、高回报holiday economy假日经济human capital 人力资本hyper-inflation恶性通货膨胀Iimmediate yield直接回报incentive动力industry工业、产业、行业advertising industry广告业aerospace industry 航空和航天工业aircraft industry飞机制造工业basic industry基础工业、重

14、工业book industry图书出版业brewing industry啤酒酿造工业、酿制工业capital-and-technology-intensive industries资金技术密集型产业car industry汽车制造工业electronic industry电子工业entertainment industry娱乐业equipment manufacturing industry装备制造业heavy industry重工业information industry信息产业knowledge-intensive industry知识密集性产业light industry轻工业lotte

15、ry industry博彩业manufacturing industry制造业monopoly industries垄断行业rubber industry橡胶工业secondary industry第二产业service industry developing in all areas 服务业全面发展textile industry纺织行业tertiary industry第三产业tourist industry旅游业industrialization 工业化infrastructure基础设施interest cut降息interest group利益集团interest rate 利率in

16、ternational competitiveness 国际竞争力international settlement国际结算Jjoint effort共同努力joint venture合资企业joint-stock system股份制KKeynes 凯恩斯Keynesian theory凯恩斯经济理论Llabor 劳动力labor-intensive industries劳动密集型产业late charge 滞纳金leasing 出租业务legal person法人legitimacy合理性、合法性legitimate rights and interests正当权益liability of f

17、ault过失责任limited liability corporation有限责任公司listed companies上市公司logistics物流MM&A(merger&acquisition); macroeconomic control 宏观调控Macroeconomics宏观经济学make ends meet收支平衡、日子过得去marginal return边际报酬market市场market diversification市场多元化market economy市场经济market intelligence 市场情报、市场调查market saturation市场饱和market sh

18、are市场占有率、市场份额market supervision 市场监管marketization市场化market-oriented employment mechanisms市场导向的就业机制mass production批量生产mechanism机制merger合并merger and bankruptcy兼并破产merit价值microeconomics微观经济学modern market economy现代市场经济monetary货币的European monetary integration欧洲货币一体化convertible currency可兑换货币monetary lever

19、货币杠杆monetary policy 货币政策monetization货币化withdrawal of currency from circulation货币回笼monopoly垄断multi-functionality多功能性multi-lateral trade negotiation多边贸易谈判Oold-age pension养老保险制度oligarchy寡头政治、寡头政治的执政团oligopoly求过于供的市场情况on-the-job training 岗位培训opportunity cost机会成本optimize优化overheating过热Pparagon模范、典范patent

20、专利patent grant专利许可patent law专利法规pension退休金、养老金per capita GDP人均国内生产总值per capita income 人均收入performance业绩plunge; dip; down （价格）猛跌；小跌；下跌portfolio一组投资positioning定位potential market潜在市场practical productive forces现实生产力primary productive forces第一生产力printing and packaging business 包装印刷业private enterprise私营企业

21、private property私人财产private sector私营部分privatization私有化produce农产品productivity生产力profit利润promotion促销propaganda宣传proprietary intellectual property rights自主知识产权protectionism（贸易）保护主义public sector公共部门public services公共服务purchasing power购买力Q（QC）quality check 质检Rraffle 抽奖售货real economy实体经济recession 衰退、不景气reg

22、ime政权、机制rent 租金regional protectionism地方保护主义resources资源restructure改组、重组retail gap零售空间Ssaturation; be saturated n./ adj. 饱和sales volume n. 销售额satellite town n. 卫星城savings n. 储蓄scale operation n. 规模经营scarcity n. 缺乏securities n. 证券stock , bond, securities 股票， 债券， 证券securities, options and futures 证券、期权及

23、期货A share A股B share B 股bear market 熊市bull market 牛市Chinas Securities Regulatory Commission （CSRC） 中国证监会joint stock company 参股公司long -term government bonds 长期国债long- term treasury bonds for construction 长期建设国债rally 反弹， 股市价格和成交额在下跌后显着的上升the Dow Jones Industrial Average 道琼斯工业指数the NASDAQ Composite Inde

24、x 纳斯达克综合指数the Nikkei Average 日京指数S& P （Standard and Poors） 标准普尔指数London SE（Stock Exchange） 伦敦证券交易所New York SE纽约证券交易所Shanghai SE 上海证券交易所Shenzhen SE 深圳证券交易所seeking financing by listing on the stock market 上市融资securities investment 证券投资state stock reduction; reduce states stake in listed companies 国有股减

25、持state-held shares 国有股stock index 股票指数stock option 股票期权treasury bonds （T-bonds） 国库券The Securities and Futures Ordinance （SFO） 证券及期货条例separation of powers n. 权利分离SEC （Securities and Exchange Commission） （美） 证券交易委员会slump n./v. （经济）衰退，滑坡soar / surge / climb n./v. （价格）上涨SOHO （Small Office ; Home Office）

26、 soho一族（小型办公室和家庭办公室）solvency n. 偿付能力sources of investment n. 投资主体speculative adj. 投机性的start / build from scratch v. 从零开始； 白手起家storage and transport n. 储运strategic planning n. 战略部署， 战略计划strong （currency） adj. （货币）坚挺strong demand n. 需求强劲subsidy n. 补助金，津贴sunrise industry n. 朝阳产业sunset industry n. 夕阳产业s

27、upply side economics n. 供方经济学T24 -hour service n.全天候服务tangible benefits n.实惠technology-intensive product n. 技术密集产品tender-invitation n.招商the distribution （allocation） of resources n.资源配置the economic structure n.经济结构the industrial structure n.产业结构the macro-control system n.宏观调控体系the market system n.市场

28、体系the open economy n.开放型经济the order of the market economy n.市场经济秩序the potentially largest market潜在的最大市场the world trade organization (WTO) 世贸组织trade n./v.贸易ASEAN （Association of South-East Asian Nations）东南亚国家联盟ASEAN Free Trade Area 东盟自由贸易区EU （European Union） 欧盟chamber of import and export trade 进出口商会dairy product 奶制品durable consumer goods, consumer durables