高考英语一轮复习Unit4Wildlifeprotection单元知识新人教版必修2.docx

1、高考英语一轮复习Unit4Wildlifeprotection单元知识新人教版必修2Unit4 Wildlife protection1. decrease vt.&vi.(使)变小；减少 n. 减少decreaseon the decrease在减少a decrease in sth某事物的减少The workers wanted to decrease the number of working hours and to increase pay. 工人们想要减少工作时间，涨工资。There has been a steady decrease in population in this

2、city. 这个城市的人口在不断减少。【拓展延伸】increase v. & n. 增加，增长，增进increase by/to. . .增加了/到on the increase在增加中【名师点津】了与到的区别：表减少/增加了时, decrease和increase后都要接介词by；表减少/增加到时, decrease和increase后都要接介词to。【跟踪典例】用适当的介词填空1. Compared with last year, our coal output has decreased _ 20 percent. 2. The number of new students decrea

3、sed _ 210 _ 160 this year. 3. The world population is _ the increase. 【答案】1. by 2. from; to 3. on2. die out灭亡; 逐渐消失As a result, these endangered animals may even die out. 结果这些濒危动物甚至可能灭亡。Many traditional customs have died out because they are out of date. 因为已经过时, 许多传统风俗已逐渐消失。【拓展延伸】die of因而死(一般指死于内因，如

4、疾病、饥饿、情感原因等)die from 因而死(一般指死于外因，如外伤、车祸、污染等)die away (声音、风、光等)慢慢变弱，渐渐消失die down (兴奋、火等)渐弱，渐息，平息die off (家庭、种族等)相继死亡，(草木)先后枯死【跟踪典例】用die构成的短语完成句子1. This kind of animal _in the world a decade ago. 2. The deer in the forest are all _for lack of water. 3. Unfortunately, the soldier _a wound in the chest.

5、 4. Nowadays many people _cancer. 【答案】1. died out 2. dying off 3. died from 4. die of3. in danger(of) 在危险中; 垂危反义短语为out of danger(脱离危险)。Why are they in danger of disappearing? 为什么它们处于消失的危险中?We should keep calm in danger. 我们在危险的时候应该保持冷静。【特别提醒】in danger指人或物本身处于危险中，受到外来的威胁。dangerous指人、物、事态可能造成危险, 对别人构成威

6、胁。【巧学妙记】图文注解话危险A dangerous tiger is running after a little girl, who is in danger. 一只危险的老虎正在追赶一个小女孩, 她的处境很危险。 【拓展延伸】介词in+名词构成的短语知多少in silence 沉默地 in surprise 吃惊地in amazement 惊奇地 in peace平静地，安详地in relief如释重负 in case 以防in return作为回报 in reward作为回报【跟踪典例】用danger构成的短语完成句子Last month Jane was seriously ill

7、and was _. Thanks to the doctors, she received the operation in time and so she was _at last. Unfortunately, when she came back to the factory, she learned that she was _ losing her job because the boss thought she was too weak to do the work. 【答案】1. in danger; out of danger; in danger of4. relief n

8、. (痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除; 减轻痛苦的事物in relief 如释重负；松了口气the relief of. . .的消除/减轻to ones relief 使某人欣慰的是In relief Daisy burst into laughter. 黛西如释重负, 突然笑了起来。The pills gave him some relief for the moment. 药片暂时减轻了他的痛苦。To my great relief, the difficulties were all overcome. 令我非常欣慰的是, 困难全被克服了。【跟踪典例】完成句子1. I was _when t

9、he exam was over. 考试结束后我松了口气。2. _to find they were safe. 发现他们很安全是一件非常令人欣慰的事情。【答案】1. in relief 2. It was a great relief5. contain vt. 包含; 容纳; 容忍It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes. 它含有一种强效的药物，可以防止蚊虫叮咬。She was too angry to contain herself. 她气急了, 无法控制自己。【易混辨析】contain/includecontain指所包含

10、或容纳的全部内容或某物的成分include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去, 通常指同类。常使用including+被包括部分或被包括部分+included的结构z&xxkThe book contains ten chapters, including American literature. =The book contains ten chapters, American literature included. 这本书含有10章，其中包括美国文学。【跟踪典例】1. 选词填空(contain/include)Our six-city tour _ a visit to London. T

11、he container _ many kinds of fruits, _ apples/apples _. She couldnt _ herself any longer she simply had to tell him the good news.2. This atlas(地图集)_40 maps, _that of Great Britain. A. contains; including B. includes; containingC. contains; containing D. includes; including6. affect vt. 影响; 感动; 侵袭af

12、fect sb/sth 影响某人/某事be deeply affected by被深深打动了The amount of rain affects the growth of crops. 降雨量影响庄稼生长。The audience was affected by his speech. 听众被他的演讲打动了。【易混辨析】affect/effectaffect动词，指产生的影响之大足以引起反应，着重影响的动作, 有时含有对产生不利影响的意思effect名词，多用作名词指效果，作用，常用于have an effect on对有影响【跟踪典例】1. 完成句子The south of the cou

13、ntry was worst _ by the drought. 该国南方旱情最严重。We _the news of Nelson Mandelas death. 纳尔逊曼德拉去世的消息使我们深感悲痛。2. We are concerned about the weather because it _ what we wear and even how we feel. A. benefits B. guides C. affects D. causes7. pay attention to注意You should pay more attention to the rainforest wh

14、ere I live and appreciate how the animals live together. 你们应该更多关注我所居住的热带雨林, 并懂得动物们是如何在一起生活的。A great deal of attention has been paid to protecting the environment. 人们已对保护环境投入了很多注意力。【拓展延伸】attract/catch/draw/get ones attention 吸引某人的注意力 fix/focus ones attention on 集中注意力于devote ones attention to 专心于 turn

15、 ones attention to 将注意力转向【跟踪典例】完成句子1. The colorful balloons _. 彩色的气球吸引了孩子的注意力。2. _the peace of the world. 应高度关注世界的和平。3. With _his study, he made rapid progress.因把精力集中在学习上, 他进步很快。【答案】1. attracted/caught/got the babys attention 2. High attention should be paid to3. much attention focused on8. apprecia

16、te vt. 鉴赏; 感激; 意识到appreciation n. 欣赏; 感激appreciate sth 感激appreciate (ones) doing 感激(某人)做某事appreciate it if 要是将不胜感激Id appreciate some help. 如果有人帮忙，我将非常感激。We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it. 如果你能帮助我做这件事，我将不胜感激。【特别提

17、醒】appreciate后面若跟when/if引导的从句作宾语时, 从句之前应用it作形式宾语。类似用法的动词还有hate, love, like, dislike等。【跟踪典例】完成句子1. I would _you could turn the radio down. 如果你能将收音机音量调小些，我会不胜感激。2. I appreciated _to your birthday party. 受邀参加你的生日宴会我很感激。【答案】1. appreciate it if 2. being invited9. succeed vi. 成功vt. 接替; 继任succeed in doing s

18、th 成功地做了某事succeed to sth 继承了succeed sb as. . . 继某人之后担任What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?要成功地保护野生动植物必须做什么?Have you succeeded in passing the exam?你考试及格了吗?【拓展延伸】success n. 成功n. 成功的人或事 successful adj. 成功的successfully adv. 成功地 be successful in在方面成功【巧学妙记】成功记忆succeed及其派生词After succeedi

19、ng to his fathers company as president successfully, he succeeded in making the company more successful in its field, which helped to make him a big success in turn. 在他成功地继承了父亲的公司，并成为公司总裁之后，他使公司在其领域里获得了更大的成功。继而，公司的成功也成就了他成功人士的地位。【跟踪典例】用succeed及相关词的适当形式填空1. Weve started our own business. Its a _ and

20、we can earn at least $30, 000 per month. 2. He was glad that he _ in stopping smoking. 3. Arthur was a highly _ businessman. 4. I passed the driving test _ through my hard work. 【答案】1. success 2. succeeded 3. successful 4. successfully10. pick out 挑选; 分辨出Please pick out the most helpful piece of adv

21、ice. 请挑选出最有帮助的一条建议。He easily picked out his friend from the crowd. 他从人群中很容易地就认出了他的朋友。【跟踪典例】1. 完成句子She _from thousands of applicants for the job. 从数千申请人中挑选出她来做那份工作。2. It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly _my friend. A. turn out B. pick out C. pick up D. bring out【答案】1. was picked out2. B。

22、句意：电影院里那么黑以致我几乎不能辨认出我的朋友。pick out分辨出。11. come into being形成; 产生为不及物动词短语，无被动形式，一般不使用进行时。It is said that such a custom came into being long ago. 据说这种风俗很早之前就有了。No one knows when the world came into being. 没有人知道，世界是何时形成的。【拓展延伸】come into fashion开始流行 come into use 投入使用come into power 掌权，上台 come into sight

23、进入视野come into existence 开始存在；产生；出现 come into ones mind 某人突然想到come into effect/force/operation 开始生效/执行/实施【跟踪典例】1. 用come短语填空When did this hair style _(开始流行)? You see, its still popular with young ladies. When Hitler _(上台), many new laws _(开始生效)to encourage young couples to have more babies.2. Perhaps

24、it is true that nobody in the world knows exactly how the earth _. A. came up B. came out C. came into power D. came into being12. incident n. 事件; 事变He told us some of the funny incidents that happened during the journey to Europe. 他告诉我们一些去欧洲旅行时发生的趣事。There was a shooting incident near here last nigh

25、t. 昨晚这附近发生了枪击事件。【易混辨析】accident/incidentaccident是意外事件，通常指偶然发生的不幸事件或事故，如天灾人祸等incident是事情或事件，它既可以指日常生活中的小事情、小插曲，也可以指外交、政治方面的重大事件、事变【巧学妙记】大小事故之分【跟踪典例】英汉互译1. 被汽车撞了是大事故，不是小事情。_2. Accidents are becoming incidents on this railway. _【答案】1. Being hit by a car is an accident, not an incident. Zx&xk*2. 这条铁路上出事故

26、已成家常便饭。13. according to 根据所说，按照According to Ann, a true friend is a person whom you can trust. 按照安的说法，真正的朋友是你可以信任的人。【特别提醒】according to后可接名词、代词和what从句。according to用来引出来自他人或他处的消息，不能与me或my opinion连用。in my opinion表示自己的观点，意为依我看，在我看来。【跟踪典例】完成句子1. _, the train gets in at 8: 27. 根据时刻表，火车8: 27进站。2. Each man

27、will be paid _. 每个人将根据各自的能力获得报酬。【答案】1. According to the timetable 2. according to his ability14. so that以致; 结果so that目的状语从句结果状语从句意义为了；目的是因此；所以情态动词从句中常使用can/could/may/might/will/would/should等情态动词从句中一般不用情态动词标点符号从句前不用逗号从句前常有逗号He worked hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams.

28、 他努力学习功课，争取考试中能获得好成绩。He worked hard at his lessons, so that he gained high grades in the exams. 他努力学习，结果考试获得了好成绩。【跟踪典例】完成句子1. I speak loudly _clearly. 我说话声音很，大目的是让所有的学生清楚地听到我。2. It was raining heavily last night, _. 昨晚雨下得很大, 因此我们没去参加聚会。【答案】1. so that all the students can hear me 2. so that we didnt go to the party1.It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but Id like to help as the WWF suggests. 这表明保护野生动植物的重要性, 但我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助(你们)。(教材P26) (1)此句为并列复合句。由but连接并列句，but表示转折。(2)在第二分句中含有as引导的方式状语从句。as为连词，意为