美国文学复习资料.docx

1、美国文学复习资料美国文学复习资料. Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. (1分 x 20题 = 20 分) II. Fill in the blanks. (1分 x 10题 = 10 分)1. The colonial history of the United States refers to the history of the land from the

2、start of European settlement to the time of _from Europe, and especially to the history of the thirteen colonies of Britain which declared themselves independent in 1776. independence 2. The first writings that we call American were the narratives叙xu事作品and_of the early settlements移民. journal日记 3. Th

3、e first English permanent settlement-_ - in North America was set up in 1607. Jamestown 4. The May Flower 五月花 (the ship in which the Pilgrim Fathers sailed from England to Massachusetts in 1620 ) arrived in December 1620 with 102 Puritan pilgrims on board 在船上 who came to the New World in search of r

4、eligious freedom. The ship headed for Jamestown, but strong wind drove her to what is now Princeton Harbor and another settlement the _ was established. Plymouth Colony 1620年12月,“五月花号”承载着102名清教徒来到了这片新大陆寻找宗教自由。五月花号的目的地是詹姆斯敦,但强风使她偏离了航线, 最后来到了今天的普林斯顿港口,在此清教徒们建立了第二个殖民点:普利茅斯殖民点。5. The war between the Eng

5、lish government and the colonies broke out in September, 1775, and came to an end in October, 1781, with Gornwalliss encircled army surrendering to General Washington. The triumph of the war by the colonists brought into being an _, the United States, in 1783. independent nation6. Transcendentalist

6、doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in_andThoreau. Emerson7. The May Flower arrived in December 1620 with 102 Puritan pilgrims on board who came to the New World in search of religious freedom. The ship headed for Jamestown but strong wind drove her to what is now Princeton Harbor and

7、another settlement _ was established. the Plymouth Colony8. The most influential religious thought of this period was the Puritanism which is the practices and beliefs of the Puritans. During the reign of Elizabeth I , one of the sects教派 of Puritans separated from the Protestants 新教徒 and after much

8、persecution they took refuge in the Netherlands. They finally determined to immigrate to the New World in search of _. religious freedom 9. Writers of the colonial period were mostly _. They wrote about their voyages to the New World, about adapting to the new circumstances, about farming and huntin

9、g, and about their dealing with the Indians. They also wrote about political and religious matters, and about their dreams of the vast land which stretched before them. In their writings, the history of early America, especially in New England, was filled with references to The Bible and Gods will.

10、Everything could be explained from the religious perspective: storms and sickness might represent Gods wrath; a good harvest might signify Gods blessing. European immigrants 10. Thomas Jefferson is remembered as the author of The Declaration of Independence (1776). He is considered a true_ and one o

11、f the founders of the United States. He is the third President of the United States (1801 -1809). Enlightenment thinker11. The English colonies殖民地人民in North America rose in arms against their parent country and the continental congress adopted批准_in 1776. The Declaration of Independence 12. Thomas Pa

12、ine was very active in the cause of American Revolution and gained the title of _, which showed his contribution. The Father of American Revolution13. In American literature, the 18th century was the age of Enlightenment. _was the dominant. Rationalism14. John Smith (1580-1631) was remembered for hi

13、s role in establishing the first permanent English settlement in North America at_, Virginia. With the greater part of his letter being published in 1608, John Smith was regarded as the first American writer. Jamestown15. William Bradford was on the Mayflower, landed at Plymouth at the age of 30 and

14、 was elected the first governor of the colony. He is chiefly remembered as the author of _. The History of Plymouth Plantation 16. John Winthrop was elected governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony before they arrived there and he became a leader of the settlers throughout the remaining years of his

15、 life. The journals that he kept as the colonial official were published as _. The History of New England 17. Anne Dudley Bradstreet, an American poet, came from England with her husband Simon Bradstreet to the Massachusetts Bay Colony of North America at the age of eighteen in 1630. As the mother o

16、f eight children, she was kept busy by house-keeping, but she was not contented and tried her hand at poetry. In 1650, her first collection of poems was published, which was entitled _. The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America在1650年，约翰伍德布里奇牧师替安妮用“美国的一位淑女”的名字出版了名为出现在美国的第十个缪斯的诗集，这使得安妮成为了英国和美国第一位出版诗作

17、的女诗人。18. _ is father of the detective story 侦探小说and of psychoanalytic 心理分析批评criticism. Edgar Allan Poe19. What did Fitzgerald call the 1920s? _. The Jazz Age20. Mark Twain was a representative of _ in American literature. local colorism21. _ is a novel about how a group of people on a whaling ship 捕

18、bu鲸船 kill a great whale but themselves are killed by the whale, with the conflict between man and his fate. Moby-Dick 22. Naturalism is evolved from realism when the authors tone in writing becomes less serious and less sympathetic but more ironic and more _. Pessimistic23. The short story “Rip Van

19、Winkle里普万温克尔(美国作家欧文所写一篇故事名及其主人公) ” reveals the _ attitude of its author. Conservative24. Which of the following statements about O. Henry is NOT right? _ The plots are usually clumsy 情节复杂难懂、文体臃肿.25. William Faulkners works mainly concern the American_. South26. The colonial literature is rich _. The

20、 reason is self-evident if we bear in mind that they were almost all religious people - Puritans. in religious color27. The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that was originated from France. The movement attracted widespread support from all progressive forces of Europe and North America in

21、 the second half of the 18th century. The Enlightenment advocates hold that man need not wait for Gods grace to perfect him in heaven, but can attain the perfection on earth by trusting reason and scientific experiments. Therefore, the Enlightenment is sometimes called _. the Age of Reason 28. _ is

22、NOT a fictional虚构人物 character in The Scarlet Letter. Santiago29. During the period after the Civil War, the American society entered in what Mark Twain referred to as _. the Gilded Age（1873年，马克吐温出版了小说镀金时代。从此，人们用这个词来形容，从南北战争结束到20世纪初的那一段美国历史。南北战争为美国资本主义发展扫清了道路，加上不断涌入的移民和西部新发现的矿藏，这一切使得美国的工业化极速发展，国家财富迅速

23、增长。到20世纪初，美国已经是世界上最强的工业国之一了。） 30. In Leaves of Grass, _ is all that concerned Whitman. individualism, freedom,democracy 31. In American literature the first important writer who earned an international fame on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean is_. Washington Irving 32. “Two roads diverged in yellow

24、wood and sorry I could not travel both” In the above two lines of Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken, the poet, by implication, was referring to _. ones course of life 33. Benjamin Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. He was one of the most important American think

25、ers during the revolutionary period. He stood as the epitome (缩影) of the Enlightenment(美国启蒙运动) and as the versatile embodiment of rational man of the period. His Poor Richards Almanac穷理查年鉴contains a large number of _ about life. It was a particularly influential book in the early American literature

26、. His The Autobiography自传: It records the authors rising from poverty or humble beginnings to success. It is an early example of the American dream. It could be seen as the representative work of Franklin. practical sayings 34. Thomas Paines greatest contribution to the Enlightenment Movement is his

27、 The Age of Reason, a deistic declaration 自然神的宣言 advocating a rationalistic view of religion主张一种理性的宗教观点. His Common Sense 常识 is his most famous political pamphlet and is regarded as the greatest of the Revolutionary pamphlets. It had great impact on American Revolution. His _: It inspired the reside

28、nts of colonial lands to resist the British Army. (本书鼓励殖民地人民抵抗英国军队。) His The Rights of Man 人的权利supported the French Revolution. The American Crisis 美国危机35. Thomas Jefferson托马斯杰弗逊 (1743-1826) is remembered as the author of _ (1776). He is considered a true Enlightenment thinker and one of the founder

29、s of the United States.He is the third President of the United States (1801 -1809). The Declaration of Independence 36. American writers after World War I self-consciously acknowledged that they were “_,” devoid of 缺乏自信faith and alienated from the Western civilization疏离西方文明Lost Generation 37. Americ

30、an Romanticism stretches from the end of the _ century through the outbreak of _. 18th, the Civil War 38. In his poems, Walt Whitman is innovative 创新in the terms of the form of his poetry, which is called “_.” free verse自由诗体 39. From 1732 to 1758，Benjamin Franklin wrote and published his famous _, a

31、n annual collection of proverbs. Poor Richards Almanac 本杰明 富兰克林:穷理查年鉴40. Transcendentalists recognized _as the “highest power of the soul”. Intuition直/觉/41. Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”? The American Scholar42. For Melville, as well as for the reader and _, the narrator