高三英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第四讲主旨大意题课时作业.docx

1、高三英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第四讲主旨大意题课时作业2019-2020年高三英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第四讲主旨大意题课时作业(xx长春监测)Life in the Internet age is lonelyor is it? Thats what experts in human interaction are debating after a new Stanford University survey has been published.According to the study, the more time people spend online, the less they

2、can spare for reallife relationships with family and friends. The researchers asked 113 people about the Webs influence on daily activities. 36% of those people are online for more than five hours a week. “As Internet use bees more widespread, it will have an increasingly isolating(孤立的) effect on so

3、ciety，”says Robert Kraut, one of the researchers.Scholars and Web lovers criticized the study for stretching its data to make the “isolating” point. While 13% of regular Web users admitted the loss of time with loved ones，60% reported watching less TV. The survey also shows that email is the most po

4、pular online activity. If some of webheads(网虫) spend what was once passive TV time keeping pany with friends via emails, “thats a move toward greater connectedness，” says Paul Resnick，a professor at the University of Michigan.This isnt the first claim that the Web should be criticized. A xx report m

5、onitored 73 Pittsburgharea families Internet use for a year. People who used the Internet more “talked less to family members and reported being lonelier and more depressed，” says Robert Kraut.“Its true that there have been big declines in social connectedness over the past decades, but those declin

6、es began before the Internet was invented，” says Thomas Putnam.As Amitay Etzioni says, the Internet gives us a different kind of social lifenot better or worse than before, but just different.解题导语本文介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究，即网络是否会导致社会孤立以及来自社会各界的讨论。1Who claimed that the Web had negative influence?ARobert Kraut.

7、BPaul Resnick.CThomas Putnam. DAmitay Etzioni.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As Internet use bees more widespread, it will have an increasingly isolating(孤立的) effect on society，”says Robert Kraut, one of the researchers.可知，罗伯特克劳特认为随着网络使用越来越广泛，网络会导致社会孤立效应。故选A项。2The underlined word “This” in Para.4 refers to _Athe

8、 study conducted by Stanford UniversityBthe survey made by the University of MichiganCthe conclusion in a report written in xxDthe opinion expressed in Bowling AloneA解析：词义猜测题。画线词所在句句意为：这不是第一次有人称网络应该受到批评。这仍然是罗伯特克劳特的观点，也就是斯坦福大学开展的调查研究的结果。故选A项。3From the passage we learn that _Awatching TV used to take

9、time away from staying onlineB36% of Web users spend more than five hours a week onlineCthe Web was blamed more than once for causing an isolating effectDthe Web has the same influence as the telephone and the televisionC解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句This isnt the first claim that the Web should be criticized.

10、可知，因为网络使人们之间的联系减少，不止一次有人对此进行谴责。故选C项。4The passage mainly discusses _Ahow we can make a better use of the InternetBwhether the Internet causes an isolating effectChow declines in social connectedness appearDwhat a different life the Internet brings to usB解析：主旨大意题。文章以一项调查研究入题，进行了关于网络是否会导致社会孤立效应的讨论。故选B项

11、。B(xx广东佛山检测)The times are changing. On Thursday October 13th, singersongwriter Bob Dylan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, marking the first time the highlyeyedon literary award has gone to someone who is mainly seen as a musician, and giving rise to heated discussions.The 75yearold won the

12、 prize “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”， the Swedish Academy said.“For 54 years he has been at it, reinventing himself，” said Sara Danius, the academys permanent secretary. “Bob Dylan writes poetry for the ear. But its perfectly fine to read his wo

13、rks as poetry.”And while many Dylans fans have found great delight at the news, others online and in the literary munity are_cross_with the mittee, saying the award has skipped over fiction writers for the second year.New York Times Book Review editor Pamela Paul said it was good news but pointed ou

14、t how many “deserving” novelists there are.Director Martin Scorsese put out a statement saying he was “overjoyed” that Dylan was awarded the prize.“Dylans poetry, his musical genius, has meant so much to me personally and to generations of people around the world，” Scorsese said. “His work has influ

15、enced and shaped culture, and he has never stopped exploring and growing as an artist. The Nobel mittee has given Dylan a form of recognition that fits his role in our culturein world culture.”Dylan won a Pulitzer Prize in xx for his “great influence on popular music and American culture”. Hes the f

16、irst American to win the literary Nobel since Toni Morrison in 1993.解题导语作为一名歌手，鲍勃迪伦获得诺贝尔文学奖的消息让很多人大感意外，从而引发热议。5Why does Bob Dylans winning the Nobel Prize cause heated discussions?AHe created poetic expressions.BHe is known as a musician.CHe reinvents himself.DHe is 75 years old.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的mar

17、king the first time the highlyeyedon literary award has gone to someone who is mainly seen as a musician可知，正是因为鲍勃迪伦是一位歌手，所以获得诺贝尔文学奖才引发热议。故选B项。6Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part in Paragraph 4?AAre thankful to. BAre satisfied with.CAre angry with. DAre worried about.C解析：词义猜测题。第四段开头的A

18、nd while many Dylans fans have found great delight at the news中while表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，所以后面的others online and in the literary munity are_cross_with the mittee中的are cross with与found great delight意思应该相反。再根据最后的saying the award has skipped over fiction writers for the second year可判断，are cross with应表示“对生气”，

19、而不是D项中的“担心”。故选C项。7What can we know about Dylan according to Martin Scorsese?ADylan influences Martin a lot.BDylan is happy with the award.CDylan is a poet rather than a musician.DDylan benefits a lot from world culture.A解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Dylans poetry, his musical genius, has meant so much to me per

20、sonally and to generations of people around the world可知，鲍勃迪伦对他影响很大。故选A项。8What is the passage mainly about?AA brief introduction to Bob Dylan.BThe reason for Bob Dylans success.CBob Dylans influence on American culture.DDifferent views on Bob Dylans winning the Nobel Prize.D解析：主旨大意题。文章开头就点明了鲍勃迪伦获得诺贝尔

21、文学奖引起了热议，接着说明了不同的人对此事的不同态度。故选D项。C(xx江西名校联盟检测)Biologist Robert Pitman and his colleagues tracked orcas，or killer whales, and humpback whales off the coast of Western Australia. To research further, the scientists attached a tracker to a female orca, which allowed them to use satellites to monitor her

22、 movements. They followed her for six days. During that time, the orca attacked eight young humpback whales. During the seven attacks, the orca killed the humpback whale calf(幼兽) on three occasions.But the story doesnt end there. Humpback whales themselves are popularly thought to be large but gener

23、ally, passive creatures. Pitmans study findings may let people think otherwise.When chased by orcas, humpback whales are known to try to outswim orcas. They are thought to do this at high speed so that the orcas cant keep up. On some occasions, the humpback whales sought out protection. They swam to

24、 shallow water, nearby reefs, or even under the researchers boats. These ways often reduced the attack. But at other times, the humpback whales decided to stay and fight.As the orcas approached, the mother humpback would sometimes move her calf to her side, or lift it out of the water using her head

25、 or flippers. She also blew huge breaths of air to disturb the orcas, and lunged or charged at them, slashing(劈) and slapping her tail and flippers. Perhaps most surprisingly, humpback whales also have adult escorts(护卫队) that try to protect calves that are not their own, joining the mother in defend

26、ing the smaller whale. These escort whales either charged at the orcas, or placed themselves between the attackers and calves, slashing their tails and flippers.Despite the efforts of the mother whales and escorts, the orcas were more often than not successful in their attacks. But the presence of t

27、he escorts did reduce how many times a whale calf was killed.解题导语本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是科学家使用科学仪器来观察杀人鲸是如何追杀驼背鲸及后者是如何反击和保护幼小的驼背鲸的。9Whats the purpose of the scientists further research?ATo keep a record of whales living habits.BTo observe orcas hunting humpback whales.CTo see what lifeordeath battles whales m

28、ay face.DTo find out the techniques orcas use when hunting.B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“To research further. to use satellites to monitor her movements. They followed her for six days. During that time, the orca attacked eight young humpback whales.”可知，科学家进行进一步研究的目的是观察杀人鲸追杀驼背鲸的活动。故选B。10Why did the humpback w

29、hales swim to shallow water?ATo avoid being attacked.BTo hunt for food.CTo protect their young.DTo trick the chasers.A解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“On some occasions, the humpback whales sought out protection. They swam to shallow water, nearby reefs, or even under the researchers boats.”可知，驼背鲸游至浅水区是出于自身的安全考虑，

30、为了避免被攻击。故选A。11What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?AWhy humpback whales fall victim to orcas.BHow humpback whales protect their calves.CThe great mother love of humpback whales.DSmaller humpback whales ways of surviving.B解析：段落大意题。根据第四段的内容可知，本段主要讲的是在面对杀人鲸的攻击时，驼背鲸是如何进行反击来保护自己的幼崽的。故B项最能概括本段的主旨要义。

31、12What does Pitmans study find?AOrcas are successful in their attacks.BIts not easy for orcas to obtain food.CHumpback whales swim faster than orcas.DHumpback whales could be active animals.D解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“Humpback whales themselves are popularly thought to be large but generally, passive creatures

32、. Pitmans study findings may let people think otherwise.”可知，驼背鲸一般被认为是大型的、通常被动的生物，Pitman的研究发现可能会让人不这么认为。下文接着讲了面对杀人鲸的攻击时，驼背鲸所采取的一些应对方式，其中包含积极迎击。故选D。专题强化训练16主旨大意题标题归纳类学生用书P107(单独成册)A(xx江西师大附中、临川一中联考)“My neighbor doesnt speak English, but her kindness needs no translation.”Angie Morris, an 81yearold Canadian woman who grew up in wa