人教新目标初中英语八年级上册Unit 2 How often do you exercise单元知识归纳.docx

1、人教新目标初中英语八年级上册Unit 2 How often do you exercise单元知识归纳Unit 2 How often do you exercise？单元知识目标突破词汇Section Atwice adv.两次；两倍P23Section Bthrough prep. 以；凭借；穿过P28full adj. 忙的；满的；充满的P23maybe adv. 大概；或许；可能P24such adj.& pron.这样的；那样的；类似的P29least adv.最小；最少adj.& pron.最小的；最少的P24die v. 消失；消灭；死亡P30Section Bhealth n

2、健康；人的身体(或精神)状态P27however adv. 然而；不过 P30although conj. 虽然；尽管；即使P28more than 多于P31把握句型1.How often do you exercise?你多久锻炼一次？注意how often 在句中的使用。2Although many students like to watch sports，game shows are the most popular.尽管许多学生喜欢体育节目，但是游戏节目仍然是最受他们欢迎的。注意although引导的让步状语从句。3Exercise such as playing sports i

3、s fun，and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.像参加体育运动这样的锻炼是有趣的，并且你可以与你的朋友和家人一起花费时间进行锻炼。注意such as在句中的使用。熟悉语法学习应用一般现在时，学会使用频度副词。学会交际学会询问及应答日常活动、做某事的频率和个人喜好的交际用语。写作练笔学习写关于某人进行某活动的文章。课文翻译Section A 2dJack：Hi，Claire，are you free next week?Claire：Hmm.next week is quite full

4、 for me，Jack.Jack：Really？How come?Claire：I have dance and piano lessons.Jack：What kind of dance are you learning?Claire：Oh，swing dance. Its fun！I have class once a week，every Monday.Jack：How often do you have piano lessons?Claire：Twice a week，on Wednesday and Friday.Jack：Well，how about Tuesday?Clair

5、e：Oh，I have to play tennis with my friends.But do you want to come?Jack：Sure！,杰克：你好，克莱尔，下周你有空吗？克莱尔：呣下周我很忙，杰克。杰克：真的吗？怎么会那样？克莱尔：我上舞蹈课和钢琴课。杰克：你学习的是什么舞蹈？克莱尔：噢，摇摆舞。很有趣！我一周上一次课，每周一上课。杰克：你多久上一次钢琴课？克莱尔：一周两次，在周三和周五。杰克：噢，周二怎么样？克莱尔：哦，我要与朋友打网球。你想来参加吗？杰克：当然了！知识详解1How often do you exercise？你多久锻炼一次？【解读】本句是含有特殊疑问词h

6、ow often 的特殊疑问句。【解读】how often 多久一次，用于对动作发生的频率进行提问。回答应该是频度副词或表示频率的词组，如always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly，ever，never，every day，once a week，three times a day等。How often do you go to the movies?你多久去看一次电影？Once a week.一周一次。【例题】_ do you practice English?Every day.AHow long BHow oftenCHow old DHow soonA多

7、长时间；多长(指长度)B多久一次C多大岁数D多久句意“你多久练习一次英语？” “每天。”2.What do you usually do on weekends？周末你通常干什么？【解读】本句是主语为第二人称的一般现在时的特殊疑问句，询问在现在一段时间内经常或习惯做的事情。其结构为：What do you动词原形其他？若主语为第三人称单数时，特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词(组)does主语动词原形其他？What do you often do on Mondays?星期一你通常干什么？I often play soccer with my friends.我通常和朋友一起踢足球。【解读】usua

8、lly adv.通常，表频率。一般情况下，usually多用于一般现在时态中。I usually do my homework after supper.我通常在晚饭后做作业。【注意】表频率的副词一般放在行为动词之前，be动词、助动词或情态动词之后。【拓展】usual adj. 通常的，平常的He always does that in the usual way.他总是用惯常的方式做那件事情。【例1】When _she usually exercise?In the morning.Ado BdoesCdid Dis解析由usually 可知用一般现在时，故排除C项；由主语she是第三人称单

9、数可排除A项；由exercise是动词原形可排除D项。答案B句意“她通常什么时候锻炼？”“在早上。”【例2】 I _ shop on Saturdays.Afinally BalmostCusually DnearlyA最终B几乎C通常D几乎，差不多句意我通常在星期六去商店购物。3twice a week一周两次【解读】twice adv. 两次We have Chinese twice a day on Friday.周五我们一天上两节语文课。当提问twice时，可以用疑问词how many times(多少次)，但不能用how often 提问。how often 可提问twice a w

10、eek.How many times have you watched the program?这节目你看了多少次？How often do you watch the program?你多久看一次这个节目？【注意】英语中，once表示“一次”，twice表示“两次”，从“三次”起用“基数词times”表示次数。three times三次，five times五次。【例1】The Smiths go to Australia _ a year.Aone BtwoCthree Dtwice解析one，two，three 是基数词，后应直接接名词，而year 前有冠词，twice表示“两次”。答案

11、D句意史密斯夫妇一年去澳大利亚两次。【例2】对画线部分提问I went to Hainan twice last year._点拨：画线部分表示的是次数，那么就应该用询问次数的疑问词how many times 来提问。答案：How many times did you go to Hainan last year?4.Hmm.next week is quite full for me，Jack.呣下周我很忙，杰克。【解读】full adj. 忙的；满的；充满的常用短语为be full of.，意为“充满”；反义词是empty，意为“空的”。The bus is full of people

12、.公共汽车里挤满了人。【拓展】full adj. 吃饱的；过饱的，其反义词是hungry，意为“饥饿的”。Are you hungry or full？你饿了还是饱了？【例题】There is a glass on the table. Its full _ water.Awith BinCof Dat点拨：本题考查full的用法。be full of意为“充满”，故用介词of。句意为“桌子上有一个玻璃杯。它装满了水”。答案：C5I go to the movies maybe once a month.我可能一月去看电影一次。【解读】maybe adv. 大概；或许；可能Maybe that

13、 man is a policeman.或许那人是警察。【辨析】maybe 和may bemaybe副词，意为“或许；大概”，常位于句首表推测。Maybe he is at Jims home.或许他在吉姆家。may be由情态动词may和 be构成，意为“可能”，在句中作谓语。He may be right.他可能是对的。【例题】_ Li Hua wants to be an astronaut like Yang Liwei.AMay be BMayCAlso DMaybe解析首先看句子，A项可作谓语，B项与动词连用构成谓语，本句不缺少谓语，故排除A、B两项；C项不放在句首，而是置于系动词

14、、助动词、情态动词后，实义动词前，故排除。答案D句意或许李华想成为像杨利伟那样的宇航员。6He plays at least twice a week.他至少一周踢(足球) 两次。【解读】least adv.最小；最少adj.& pron.最少的；最小的，它是little的最高级。He has least money of all of us.在我们所有人中他的钱最少。She works least.她工作最少。We have least time.我们时间最少。at least 至少；不少于；起码，其反义短语为：at most 至多At least he should say thanks.

15、他至少应该说声谢谢。【例题】There are _ three thousand people in the park.Aat first Bat lastCat least Dat the least点拨：A项意为“首先”；B项意为“最后”；C项意为“至少”；D项短语有误。句意为“在公园里至少有三千人”。答案：C语法频度副词我们平时会这样说：你经常去看电影吗？ 他有时来我家玩。我一周给他写一封信。我从来没有去国外旅行过等等。诸如“经常，有时，一周一次，从来没有”这样的词在英语中叫频度副词。频度副词表示什么呢？频度副词表示行为动作的频率，本单元中我们接触的主要是频度副词，按其频率发生的高低分别

16、是：always 总是； usually 通常；often 经常； sometimes 有时；hardly ever 几乎不；never 从不。基本用法：1频度副词表示经常性的动作或情况，常和一般现在时连用，表示现在经常或反复发生的动作。They always go to the park by bus.他们总是乘公共汽车去公园。2频度副词一般放在系动词be、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前。Kate is often late for school.凯特经常上学迟到。3对这些频度副词进行提问时，用特殊疑问词how often，意为“多久一次”。I sometimes_ watch TV p

17、rograms.(对画线部分提问)How often do you watch TV programs?你多久看一次电视节目？【例1】I hope _ to see him again.Aever BoftenCalways DneverA曾经 B经常C总是D从来不句意我希望再也不要见到他。【例2】How often do you visit your grandparents?_.AFor a week BOnce a weekCIn summer vacation DOn Friday解析由问句中的how often知应该用表示动作频率的单词或短语回答。for a week“ 一周”，表示

18、一段时间；in summer vacation“在暑假”；on Friday “在周五”，都是回答某个时间，故排除A、C、D三项。答案B句意“你多久去看望一次你的祖父母？”“一周一次。”【例3】My mother hates cyber bars(网吧)She _allows(允许)me to go in.Aonce BneverCoften DalwaysA一次 B从来不C经常D总是句意妈妈讨厌网吧。她从不允许我进入。Section B & Self Check课文翻译Section B 2bWhat Do No.5 High School StudentsDo in Their Free

19、Time?Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. Our questions were about exercise，use of the Internet and watching TV. Here are the results.We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. Forty five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty perc

20、ent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all!We all know that many students often go online，but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. Most students use it f

21、or fun and not for homework.The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting. Only two percent of the students watch TV one to three times a week. Thirteen percent watch TV four to six times a week. And eighty-five percent watch TV every day！Although many students like to

22、 watch sports，game shows are the most popular.It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows，but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. It is healthy for the mind and the body.Exercise such as playing sports is fun，and you can spend time with your friends and family as

23、 you play together.And remember，“old habits die hard”So start exercising before its too late！,第五中学的学生们在空闲时间做什么？上个月我们咨询了学生们空闲时间的活动。我们询问的问题有关锻炼、上网和看电视。下面是咨询的结果。我们发现仅仅有15%的学生每天参加锻炼。45%的学生每周锻炼46次。20%的学生每周仅锻炼13次。并且有20%的学生根本不参加锻炼。我们知道大多数学生经常上网，但是令我们惊讶的是90%的学生每天都上网。另外10%的学生一周至少上网3至4次。大多数学生上网是为了娱乐而不是为了作业。关于

24、看电视这个问题的答案也很有趣。仅仅2%的学生一周看13次电视。13%的学生一周看46次。并且85%的学生每天都看电视。尽管许多学生喜欢观看体育节目，但是游戏节目仍然是最受他们欢迎的。尽管上网或观看游戏节目对放松很有好处，但是我们认为锻炼是最好的放松方式。锻炼使我们的大脑和身体更加健康。像参加体育运动这样的锻炼是有趣的，并且你可以与你的朋友和家人一起花费时间进行锻炼。请记住：“旧习惯是很难摈弃的。”所以我们要在身体还很健康的时候就开始锻炼。知识详解1She says its good for my health. 她说它对我的健康有益。【解读】本句是一个含有省略that的宾语从句的复合句。She

25、 says 是主句，其后省略了that，its good for my health作says的宾语。【解读】be good for 对有益Exercise is good for you.锻炼对你有益。【拓展】be good at 在方面做得好；擅长He is good at learning languages.他擅长学习语言。be good with 与相处融洽The teacher is good with his students.这位老师和他的学生相处融洽。be good to 对友好My new deskmate is good to me.我的新同桌对我很友好。【解读】heal

26、th n. 健康，是不可数名词。I think health is more important than money.我认为健康比金钱更重要。be in good/poor health 身体状况好/不好My grandparents are both in good health.我祖父母身体都很好。【拓展】healthy adj. 健康的We should eat healthy food.我们应当吃健康的食物。unhealthy adj.不健康的Junk food is unhealthy.垃圾食品是不健康的。【例1】Are the sunglasses good _ eyes?Ato

27、 Bwith Cfor DatA对友好B与相处融洽C对有益D在某方面做得好句意太阳镜对眼睛有益吗？【例2】用good的相关短语填空1He is good_ drawing.2She is good_ the old woman.3Milk is good _children.4Our teachers are all good _us.点拨：本题考查good的几个短语的用法。题1，“他擅长画画”，用be good at；题2，“她对老太太很好”，用be good to；题3，“牛奶对儿童有益”，用be good for；题4，“我们的老师都与我们相处得很好”，用be good with。答案：

28、1.at2.to3.for4.with【例3】Cola is _，and its not good for your _.Ahealthy；health Bunhealthy；healthyCunhealthy；health Dhealth；health解析根据后半句中your后应接名词，排除B项；is是系动词，后接形容词，排除D项；因为cola 属于垃圾食品，应该是“不健康的”，排除A项。答案C句意可乐是不健康的，并且它对你的健康没有好处。2.How many hours do you sleep every night？你每天晚上睡几个小时？【解读】本句是一个特殊疑问句。【解读】how many 多少，后接名词复数。How many students are there in your school?你们学校有多少名学生？【辨析】how many 和how muchhow many和how much都可以表示“多少”，但how many后接可数名词复数，而how much后接不可数名词。How many girls can you see?你能看见多少个女孩？How much milk do you want?你想要多少牛奶？【例题】_hours do they exercise every day?Two.A