1、高中英语人教版必修一unit12 复习资料普通高中课程标准实验教科书英语(人教版)第九讲 书面表达【命题趋向】最新下发的(考试大纲)要求高考书面表达要测试学生综合运用英语的能力,是高考必考内容且有加大测试力度的趋势。研究近两三年高考分析如下:1命题思路不断创新,与时俱进,引导学生关注社会现实,体现浓厚的时代气息。2文体类型丰富。近年高考主要考查了记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文四种文体。尤其是自分省命题以来打破了应用文一统天下的局面,加重了对议论文和说明文的考查。体现语言交际功能。3命题形式多样,但相对稳定。题型主要为提供中文或英文提示的控制性作文如:看图作文,图表作文(表格作文),以及提纲作文
2、,但近几年来有的省市出现了开放作文。(今后肯定会向这方面发展)这能使学生自由发挥的余地很大,有利于学生的想象力。作文主题多贴近生活,容易写的话题。.【考点透视】1准确运用语法、词汇、拼写、标点,体现语法规范的能力。2使用某些句型、词组,清楚地表达自己的意思。3写出易懂的短文。语言表达得体,准确体现交际情景,符合语言交际习惯的能力。【例题解析】浙江卷(08)人们完成工作的方式通常有两种:独立完成和合作完成。两种方式各有特点。请你以“Working Individually or Working in a Team”为题,按照以下要点写一篇英语短文:1 独立完成:自行安排、自己解决问题。2 合作完
3、成:一起讨论、相互学习3 我喜欢的方式和理由注意:词数100-120,文章的题目和开头已给出(不计词数)。Working Individually or Working in a TeamThere are basically two ways to get work done.参考范文:Working Individually or Working in a Team There are basically two ways to get work done. One is to work individually. In this way, people can decide for th
4、emselves when to start work and how to do it. Whats more, they will be able to learn how to solve problems on their own.People may also choose to work in a team, where they can learn from each other and help each other. Besides, they may work out better ways to get work done by discussion.Personally
5、, I prefer to work in a team, which offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others and to share my experiences with them. As the work can be divided among several people, it can be done efficiently. Teamwork is always important.安徽卷(08)书面表达(满分25分) 假定你是李华,David 是你的美国笔友。他对中国鼓励使用环保购物袋很感兴趣,来信向你
6、询问此事。请你给他写封回信。主要内容如下:1感谢他的关注。2简要介绍相关情况。3谈谈你的感想。注意:1 词数100左右,信的格式已为你写好。2 可根据内容要点适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。3 参考词汇:环抱购物袋-environment-friendly shopping bag; 关注-concern.Dear David,_ Yours,Li Hua参考范文:Dear David, Im glad that youve noticed our efforts directed towards environmental protection. Thank you for your conce
7、rn.As too much use of plastic bags has caused serious white pollution, our govenment encourages us to use environment-friendly shopping bags. These bags are made of a variety of material that can be easily treated when they become rubbish. Besides, they can be reused. More and more people in China h
8、ave realized the advantages of such bags and started using them.I believe that the wide use of these shopping bags can greatly improve our environment. This is one of the many steps we are to make our country an even cleaner place. Yours, Li Hua湖北卷(08)假设你是卜曼宜,你购买了一部某外国公司生产的手机,因有质量问题,要求该公司更换。请根据下列要点,
9、用英文写一封电子邮件。要点:1. 问题:手机不响铃,不能发短信;该产品已售完,无法更换;型号新,无配件,无法维修。2. 要求:公司应尽快予以更换。 注意:1. 词数为100左右; 2. 参考词汇:配件 spare part; 3. 电子邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好(不计入你所写词数); 4.已给出的电子邮件的开头和结尾不得抄入答题卡。Dear Sir,I am writing to you for the mobile phone of Dephone-S250 I bought on 20th Apr. 2008 at Tele Mall in Wuhan, P.R. China.Thank
10、you for your consideration.Sincerely yours, Bu Manyi参考范文:Dear Sir,I am writing to you for the mobile phone of Dephone-S250 I bought on 20th Apr.2008 at Tele Mall in Wuhan, P.R. China. Ten days after that, it didnt ring and send short messages. Then I took it to the seller, but was told that the mode
11、l had been sold out and I had to wait at least three months for a new one. Later I went to the repairman. He said since it was a new model in China,it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.I was so desperate on hearing that.How can I wait that long? Therefore, I require that you sen
12、d me a new one of the same model within a month.Thank you for your consideration.Sincerely yours,Bu Manyi江苏卷(08)实现有效的沟通,建立良好的人际关系,不仅要善于言表、更要学会倾听。请你根据下表中所提供的信息,写一篇题为“Being a Good Listener”的英文演讲稿。为何倾听表示尊重,增进理解,建立良好的人际关系谁来倾听家长倾听孩子理解孩子,消除代沟,老师倾听学生了解学生,满足需求,同学相互倾听增进友谊,互帮互学,怎样倾听(请考生联系自己拟定内容,列举两至三点。)注意:对所给
13、要点,逐一陈述,适当发挥,不要简单翻译。词数150左右。开头和结尾已经写好,不计入总词数。演讲稿中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。Good afternoon, everyone! The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”._ Thank you for your listening!参考范文:Good afternoon, everyone! The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”. Good listening can always show res
14、pect, promote understanding, and improve interpersonal relationship. Many people suggest that parents should listen more to their children, so they will understand them better, and find it easy to narrow the generation gap; teachers should listen more to their students, then they can meet their need
15、s better, and place themselves in a good relationship with their students; students should listen more to their classmates, thus they will help and learn from each other, and a friendship is likely to be formed. What I want to stress is that each of us should listen more to others. Show your respect
16、 and never stop others till they finish their talk; show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile; be open-minded to different opinions even though you dont like them. In a word, good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other. Thank you for your listening!【本题写作思
17、路】本书面表达较为新颖,有点出人意料。题目形式和前几年相同,属于半开放式作文。写作时要注意按照要求分为三段:为何倾听,谁来倾听,怎样倾听。特别注意动词在文章当中应用:表示尊重(show respect),增进理解(promote understanding),建立关系(improve relationship),消除代沟(narrow the generation gap),满足需求(meet their needs)等。在表达自己看法的同时,要使用自己熟悉的句型,按要求两至三点即可。如:listen more to others;show your respect;show you are
18、interested等。辽宁卷(07)假定你是李华,准备参加学校举办的主题为“健康成长”的英语作文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文,主要内容包括:1. 乐观的人生态度;2. 努力学习;3. 参加体育锻炼。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头已为你写好。参考词汇:态度恶劣attitude参考范文:We all want to grow up happily and healthily, and for this goal we must do several things.Firstly, we should develop a good attitude to lif
19、e. Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times. We should be brave in front of difficulties. Secondly, we must study hard because knowledge is power. If we have the power. We can help to build our country and enjoy life better. In order to study well, we need to do sports so that we can k
20、eep fit. We can go running, play ball games or simply take a walk after a days study. If we do those things well, we will be able to grow up happily and healthily.【本题写作思路】根据提示要覆盖所有的内容要点 (1. 乐观的人生态度;2. 努力学习;3. 参加体育锻炼。)运用几个特殊句型或语法结构 (强调句,倒装、定语从句)。考生可使用几个常见的词组(in my opinion 、I have no doubt that .、be i
21、n agreement with sth、insist on (doing) sth、be opposed to (doing) sth、have an objection to (doing) sth)。以及常用的过渡词(递进: then(然后),besides(还有),furthermore(而且),moreover(此外) 转折: however(然而),but(但是),on the country(相反),after all(毕竟)总结: finally(最后), at last(最后), in brief(总之),firstly、secondly in a word、on one h
22、and、at the same time、whats more),做好上下文的衔接另外还要恰当地运用常见的语法结构: 复杂句、并列句 倒装句 强调句型It is that (who) 非谓语动词。 虚拟语气 固定句型结构tooto sothat such athat not onlybut also neithernor such as not until so that eitheror 看图写作:芳芳是个好学生。请根据下面5幅图用英语写一篇短文,词数120以上.【本题写作思路】如果单从画面看,所得的信息无非是:一天夜里,风刮得很大。芳芳两点钟起床,赶到学校,把窗户关好后回家。如果你就按上述
23、所看到的信息去写,肯定拿不到高分。这是篇记叙文,记叙了芳芳做好事的前后经过。但记叙离不开人。所以要根据“芳芳是个好学生”这个信息对人物展开合理的想象:Fang Fang is a good student.She lives near her school.This term she was elected monitor of her class.She is a very responsible for her class work.给下面的叙述奠定了基础。第一步:就事论事 The wind was blowing heavily. (图一)Fang Fang got up right a
24、way.It was 2 oclock.(图二)After a while she got up to the school.(图三)She closed the windows of her classroom. (图四)She left the classroom and went home. (图五)第二步:合理想象One night,it was blowing outside.The wind struck the window so heavily that the noise woke up Fang Fang. (图一)The wind blowing in through t
25、he open window made her feel a bit cold.She knew a heavy rain would soon arrive.She thought of her classroom again.She wondered whether the students on duty had closed the windows properly.She got up and put on her clothes.It was then 2 oclock. (图二)She decided to go out right away,and get to the sch
26、ool before the storm came.She opened the door,and rushed out into the dark.On the way,he strong wind made it difficult for her to go forward quickly.in spite of this,she ran as fast as possible,and after a while she got to the school. (图三)She hurried right to her classroom and opened the door.Oh,dea
27、r! All the windows were open,and the strong wind filled the classroom with great noise.it was not at all easy for her to shut up all the windows. (图四)She turned off the light and was leaving the classroom when she turned around to make sure all things were done well.Just then it began to rain heavil
28、y.when she got home,it was already half past three. (图五)第三步:整理成文根据合理的想象和字数限制合成一篇短文One night, the wind was blowing outside and struck the window so heavily that the noise woke up Fang Fang. The wind blowing in through the open window made her feel a bit cold. She knew a heavy rain would soon arrive w
29、hen she wondered whether the students on duty had closed the windows properly. It was then 2 oclock but she to go out right away,and get to the school before the storm came.She opened the door,and rushed out into the dark.On the way,the strong wind made it difficult for her to go forward quickly.In
30、spite of this,she ran as fast as possible,and after a while she got to the school. She hurried right to her classroom and opened the door.Oh,dear! All the windows were open,and she shut up all the windows one by one. She turned off the light and was leaving the classroom when it began to rain heavil
31、y.When she got home,it was already half past three. 书面表达的解题方法及技巧:一、写作初:1.先看题目,再审体裁。作文体裁有记叙文、说明文、故事、应用文(如书信、日记、便条、通知)等,仔细阅读题目要求,确定体裁。2.确定时态,判断人称 。记叙文、日记 过去时。说明文、信 现在时、过去时、将来时等。通知 将来时。有“假如你是”用第一人称,看图作文如果没有“I”,用第三人称。二、写作时:1.想出关键词或句子。高考评分分为内容和语言两项,目前基本两项结合。语言分错写、影响表达,有错但不影响意义的表达等几个方面评分,内容漏一点扣一分。所以,写出关键词,就不会漏内容,更不会离题。2.确定句型,扩展句子(1)虽然对初学写作的同学不提倡用结构较复杂的句子进行表达,但我们应该理顺思路:“什么时间、在哪里、谁(与谁)进行什么活动
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