高三语法复习三代词.docx

1、高三语法复习三代词语法复习（三）-代词代词是英语语法结构中的重要一环,也是高考测试的重点内容之一。纵观历年高考试题,出现频率最高的是不定代词,其次是it用法、疑问代词、反身代词以及人称代词等。测试代词的题型主要是单项填空，常以对话形式构成特定语境，考察考生灵活运用代词的能力。一、 代词的分类： 代词可以分为以下七大类：1人称代词主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them2物主代词形容词性my, your, his, her, its, our, their名词性mine, yours, h

2、is, hers, its, ours, theirs3反身代词myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves4指示代词this, that, these, those, such, some5疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever6关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as7不定代词one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many

3、/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little, other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either二、使用代词应注意的问题：1. 人称代词：a. 两个以上的人称代词并用时，其顺序：单数二三一，复数一二三。b. 在比较级从句中，人称代词根据意义而决定其主格或宾格。 I like you better than him. 我喜欢你甚于我喜欢他。 I like you better than he. 我喜欢你甚于他喜欢你。2. 物主代词：a. 形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语，名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”，在句中作主语、

4、宾语、表语或与of连用作后置定语，但不能作定语。 This is my book and that is yours. Your is thick. So I like yoursb. 避免作异类比较：His house is larger than I (误) His house is larger than mine. （正）他的房子比我的房子大。3. 反身代词：a. 在句中可以作enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce等动词的宾语，在句中可作宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。 The box itself is not heavy. Can you do it

5、yourselves?b. 由介词+反身代词构成的短语： by oneself 自己独立完成、独自单独地 for oneself 亲自，为自己 of oneself 主动地 自发地Do you think he repaired the bike all by himself?. 你认为是他自己修理的自行车吗？He will clean the classroom of himself. 他将主动地打扫教室。You can make the decision for yourself. 你可以自己做决定。 4. 指示代词：a. this, that, these和those的区别：1）this

6、和these往往指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that和those可指时间或空间上较远的人或物。 This book is for you and that one is for your brother.2) 指上文提到的事一般用that，有时也用this，指下文的事只能用this。3) 打电话时，用this来介绍自己，用that来问对方，不用I或you。4) this和that还可表示程度，意为“如此，那么”，相当于so，作状语。5）习惯用法： that is to say thats enough thats it thats all right is that so?b. such和th

7、e same的用法1）such作代词可以单独使用，只如前所述的这样的人或事务，作句子的主宾表定。遇到a/an, such必须放在其前；如果遇到no, one, two, three, another, several, some, many, all等词时，such必须置于之后。有时such之后可以加一个as用以引出属于哪一类。 Every day he got up early, walked about 5 miles to work and returned very late. Such was his life. Roger is such a nice person. All su

8、ch problems have been solved. Such food as he gave us was delicious.2）the same 可以修饰名词，可以放在动词的后面，可以接as，as后可以是名词代词，也可以是句子。 I dont like the same food everyday. I think the same of her as you do. Im the same age as you.5. 疑问代词：a. who, whom, whose, which, what用于特殊疑问句，可用于单数与复数。b. what，which和who的后面还可加ever用

9、以加强语气。 What ever do you want? Who ever is she looking for?6. it的用法a. 一般指人以外的一切生物和事务，有时也指婴儿小孩和不知性别的人。The baby is crying. It might be hungry.Someone is ringing. Who might it be? It is the dog.b. 指代上文的内容。 Yang Liwei was the first Chinese to be sent up into space. It made the Chinese proud.c. 指时间、天气、距离。

10、Its early spring, so it is a little cold.It is about ten minutes walk to the station.d 指代this或that。 Whats that on the desk? Its my birthday gift.e. 作形式主语和形式宾语,把真正的主语或宾语放在后面，真正的主语、宾语往往可由从句、名词和不定式充当。 It is important to master a foreign language. It is great fun climbing mountains on a rainy day. It is

11、 said that he murdered his wife. I hate it when people speak with their mouths full. Do you think it a pity that she cant go to our party? She found it difficult to get on well with her classmates.f. it的固定用法。1）It + is/was/will be + the first (second) time (day) + that从句 从句用完成时 This is the fourth tim

12、e that she has rung you today. It was the second time that I had visited the museum last year.2）it was/will be long (hours, days, years等) + before 从句 It will be two years before we meet again. It wa a lo9ng time before I got to sleep again last night.3）it is/has been + years/days/weeks/months+ since

13、 从句 since从句常用一般过去时 Its years since I enjoyed myself so much.4）it is/was + 被强调部分+ that 从句 此结构为强调句式，可对一个句子的主宾表状进行强调，也可以对从句进行强调。被强调部分指人时，可以用who替代，其他一律用that。 It was they who/that helped the poor in that area. It was not until she took off her sunglasses that I realized that she was a famous star.g. it,

14、one, ones, that, those的区别 1）It特指上文中提到过的同一事物，不带任何修饰语。 I bought a radio yesterday, but it doesnt work well.2）one和ones用来代替前面提到的可数名词，one指代单数, 等于a单数可数名词，ones指代复数。注意：1） one 与 ones 即可指人也可指物。2） one 前不能加不定冠词，除非中间有形容词。如：a small one3） one 可单独使用，作“任何人”解。4) 表示特指必须加定冠词the。one和it 都可以用来代替前面出现过的单数名词。one 代替这类东西的任何一个，

15、指“同类”事物；而it 代替前面所指的特定的东西，指“同一”事物。I dont like this book. It has a bad cover. Could you show me another one?3) that和those常常用来代替已提到过的名词，以避免重复。that可以代替不可数名词，也可以代替可数名词的单数，不能和冠词连用,其后常有修饰语.代替可数名词单数时等同于the one表示特指；those只能替代可数名词复数，等同于the ones。也是替代“同类”事物 The quality of my dress is better than that of yours. The books on the desk are better than the ones/those under the desk. The book on the desk is better than the one/that under the desk.7. 不定代词：a. no one(nobody), none和nothing no one(nobody)单独使用，只用于指人，可以回答who提出的问题；none一般与of连用，指人或物，表示三者