电动汽车的双向DC-DC变换器的研究.pdf

1、 硕士学位论文硕士学位论文 电动汽车的双向 DC-DC 变换器的研究 RESEARCH ON BIDIRECTIONAL DC-DC CONVETER OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE 陈建龙陈建龙 哈尔滨工业大学哈尔滨工业大学 2015 年年 6 月月 工程工程硕士学位论文硕士学位论文 电动汽车的双向 DC-DC 变换器的研究 硕 士 研 究 生：陈建龙 导师：马新军讲师 申 请 学 位：工程硕士 学科：电气工程 所 在 单 位：深圳研究生院 答 辩 日 期：2015 年 6 月 授予学位单位：哈尔滨工业大学 国内图书分类号：TM46 学校代码：10213 国际图书分类号：621.3

2、密级：公开 Classified Index:TM46 U.D.C:621.3 Dissertation for the Masters Degree of Engineering RESEARCH ON BIDIRECTIONAL DC-DC CONVETER OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE Candidate：Chen Jianlong Supervisor：Lecturer Ma Xinjun Academic Degree Applied for：Master of Engineering Speciality：Electrical Engineering Affiliatio

3、n：Shenzhen Graduate School Date of Defence：June,2015 Degree-Conferring-Institution：Harbin Institute of Technology 哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文-I-摘 要 能源危机正威胁着人类早已习惯的生活生产方式，大气污染肆虐着人类生存的每一个角落，危害着人类的健康。以环保、经济以及高科技含量著称的电动汽车得到了学者的大量关注。为了提高电动汽车的性能，双向 DC/DC变换器被引入了电动汽车中。本文针对装载超级电容复合电源的电动汽车的工况需求，采用双向交错并联直流变换器为主拓扑，并研究了不同的控

4、制策略来提高变换器的动态性能，具体研究内容如下：（1）对电动汽车及其双向 DC/DC 变换器的国内外研究现状做了简单的介绍，然后对双向 DC/DC 变换器的控制方式做了一下简单介绍。紧接着对双向交错并联直流变换器的工作原理展开阐述，并设计了其对应工作模式下的传统双闭环控制器，并建立仿真模型，仿真结果表明传统双闭环控制策略能够取得较为良好的控制结果。（2）针对传统双闭环控制策略的在动态响应性能上的不足，本文在确保输出稳压的基础上，为进一步提高变换器的动态响应以及对输入输出的鲁棒性，对充电（Buck）模式采用了一种改进的单周期控制方式并建立其小信号模型，提高了变换器的响应速度和对输入电压的鲁棒性。

5、对放电（Boost）模式采用输入电压前馈加输出电压反馈的改进控制策略并建立其小信号模型。对比传统双闭环控制策略，两种改进策略均提高了系统的动态性能及鲁棒性。（3）针对不同的控制策略，分别搭建对应的仿真模型，并对它们进行仿真对比和分析，仿真结果验证了相应工作模式下的改进控制策略能够在基本保留输出鲁棒性不变的基础上，取得比传统控制策略更好的抗输入扰动性。电机是电动汽车的关键部件，本文对异步电机的控制模型做了简单介绍，采用 SVPWM 矢量控制技术对异步电机进行控制，并通过 simulink 建立了异步电机驱动系统仿真模型，仿真结果表明控制策略能够满足电动汽车的运行要求。最后对基于双向 DC/DC

6、变换器的的电动汽车驱动系统做了仿真，验证了所设计的变换器及其控制策略以及电机驱动系统达到了电动汽车驱动系统的运行需要。关键词：电动汽车；双向 DC/DC；交错并联；单周期控制；电压前馈 哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文-II-Abstract Energy crisis is threatening the life mode of production human beings are used to,atmosphere pollution exists in the every corner of human existence,endangering human health.Famou

7、s for its environmental,economic,and high-tech content,the electric car received much attention of scholars.To improve the performance of electric vehicles,bi-directional DC/DC converters were introduced into the electric vehicles.In this paper the operation condition of the loading of ultracapacito

8、rs composite power supply of the electric car demand,adopts the interleaved parallel bi-directional dc/dc converter topology,and different control strategies are studied to improve the dynamic performance of the converter.Firstly,simple introduction of the research in electric vehicle and its bidire

9、ctional DC/DC converter status at home and abroad was made.After that,the working principle of interleaved parallel bidirectional DC converters was analyzed under different working conditions,then according to the different control targets,the relative traditional dual closed loop controllers under

10、different working conditions were designed in the cases of the small signal model that was set up,simulations showed that the controllers presented a good rresult in improving the performance of the system.Aiming at the shortcomings of the traditional double closed-loop control strategy,under the co

11、ndition of the output voltage was stable,in order to further improve the dynamic response of the converter as well as to the input and output of robustness,an improved one cycle control strategy was applied to regulate the charging(Buck)model and the relative small signal model was set up,improvemen

12、t of the response speed of the converter and the robustness of the input voltage were conspicuous.The discharging(Boost)model was regulated by input voltage feed-forward combine with the output voltage feedback control strategy and its small signal model was set up,the dynamic performance and robust

13、ness of the system were well improved.And then set up the simulation model under different control strategies respectively.Compared the simulation results to that of traditional ones,the simulation results showed that under the corresponding working mode,the improved control strategies of both mode

14、presented better control effects.The corresponding simulation models were built according to different control strategies under relative working modes respectively.Contrast and analysis of the simulation results verified that,under the conditions of output 哈尔滨工业大学工程硕士学位论文-III-unchanged and steady,th

15、e improved control strategies performed better control effects in both the effectiveness and the input disturbance resistance of the system under corresponding working mode than the traditional double closed loop control strategy.Motor is a key components in electric vehicles,in this paper,a simple

16、introduction of the control model of the asynchronous motor was made,and SVPWM vector control technology was applied to control the asynchronous motor.The simulation model of the induction motor drive system was established by Matlab/Simulink.Simulation results showed that the SVPWM control strategy was well meet the operation requirements of electric vehicle.Finally,the simulation of the electric vehicle driving system based on the bidirectional DC/DC converter were made,the simulation results