高中主语从句及宾语从句讲解.docx

1、高中主语从句及宾语从句讲解高中主语从句及宾语从句讲解高考总复习:主语从句及宾语从句 真题再现 1. The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 2. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike. A. how B

2、. which C. that D. what 3. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently. A. why B. how C. that D. whether 4. We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever 5. It doesnt matter _ you

3、 pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. how B. whether C. what D. why 6. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time. A. why B. how C. whether D. when 7. It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office. A. whethe

4、r B. where C. which D. that 8. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever 9. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best. A. whatever B. whichever C. whenever

5、D. wherever 1. B。首先把插入语generally speaking删掉。but后的并列分句中，whether he reaches these limits(作为句子主语)will depend on his environment. 2. D。此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语，what作do的宾语。句意:总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。 3. C。宾语从句不缺少成分用that引导。 4. C。首先本句考查的关键短语是promise sb. sth.(向某人承诺某事)，本句指的是向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会，不定式做chance

6、的定语，然后就是参加聚会的任何人(whoever=anyone who)。 5. B。此处it是形式主语，后面whether.or引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether.or意为:是还是都行。句意:在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。 6. C。根据空后的or可知为“whether or”短语。 7. D。it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。 8. C。介词for后面加的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，所以用whatever。 9. B。所填词引导的从句作动词choos

7、e的宾语，引导词在从句中做主语，意思是:无论哪件，选B。其余选项与句意不符。 知识讲解 主语从句和宾语从句的引导词 that和what的区别 从句中缺少主语时，常用what引导，也可用which表示选择，用who/whom/whoever指人。what引导主语从句、宾语从句等名词性从句时，表示“所的(东西)”，并且在从句中充当句子成分。而that作为从属连词，引导主语从句、宾语从句时，其本身没有实际意义，不充当句子成分。that引导主语从句时不省略，引导宾语从句时一般可以省略，但有些情况不可省略。 That fashion differs from country to country may

8、 reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. It is pretty well understood what controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do. The reporter said (that) the UFO was travelling east to west when he saw it. People have

9、 heard what the president has said; they are waiting to see what he will do. if和whether的区别 主语从句(放在句首时)常由whether引导。作及物动词宾语时，用if/whether均可，但有区别;作介词宾语时只用whether;后面紧跟or not 时，只用whether。 Whether she will go home or not is unknown. Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided. = It remains

10、to be decided whether/if we shall raise ducks or geese. 但我们不能说If we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided. I dont care whether/ if he comes. It depends on whether you can do the job well. 其他连接代词和连接副词的选用 连接代词(what, which, who, whom, whose)在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语;连接副词(when, where, why, how, whethe

11、r, if等)在从句中作状语。无论是连接代词还是连接副词，都有各自的意义。 It matters little how a man dies, but what matters much is how he lives. It was a matter of who would take the position. No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years. I have not been told where the meeting will be held. He explained why he set o

12、ff so early that day. Whose girlfriend is the most beautiful is not the most important thing. whoever与whatever，whichever的区别 whoever, whatever, whichever除了可以引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter who/ what/ which外，还可以引导名词从句。 whoever相当于anyone who，表明泛指关系，表示“任何的人都，凡是的人都”。 I hate whoever lies. Whoever wins gets a prize.

13、whatever相当于anything that，表示“无论什么”。 Whatever he thinks doesnt matter. Whatever you want can be found here. whichever意为“无论哪个，无论哪些”。既可指人，也可指物;既可单独使用，也可修饰名词，也可以跟of短语连用。 You can choose whichever you want. Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking. it作形式主语和形式宾语 从句在某个句子中作主语、宾语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用

14、it作形式主语、宾语，而将真正的主语、宾语从句放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。 It was really surprising that she married a man like that. It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami. We owe it to you that there wasnt a serious accident. I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. 主语从句、宾语从句的句序 主语从

15、句、宾语从句等名词性从句用陈述语序。 主语从句特别注意 It构成的主语从句 主语从句可以放在句子后面，而用it作形式主语放在句首，尤其是从属连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中。这种句式主要有: It is + adj. / n. +从句 It is a pity/shame that. 遗憾的是 It is possible that. 很可能 It is unlikely that. 不可能 It is possible that he never intended to shoot her. It is unlikely that she will come. It is a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic. It +不及物动词+从句 It seems/appears that. 似乎 It happened that. 碰巧 It appears that you are all mistaken. It happened that the harvest was bad that year. It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that. 据说 It is kno