导与练版高考英语考点分类汇编专题五 介词和介词短语近3年真题+模拟.docx

1、导与练版高考英语考点分类汇编专题五 介词和介词短语近3年真题+模拟专题五介词和介词短语高考试题考点一 介词词义辨析1.It was a real race time to get the project done.Luckily,we made it.(2013新课标全国,34)A.over B.byC.for D.against剖析:D考查介词辨析。句意:这真是一项需要争分夺秒才能完成的项目。幸运的是,我们做到了。against表示“反对,逆”,against time争分夺秒,符合句意。2.A serious study of physics is impossible some know

2、ledge of mathematics.(2013新课标全国,11)A.against B.beforeC.beyond D.without剖析:D考查介词辨析。句意:没有一些数学知识,不可能有认真的物理研究。against反对,靠着;before在之前;beyond超出;without没有。根据句意应选D项。3.The Smiths are praised the way they bring up their children.(2013山东,34)A.from B.byC.at D.for剖析:D考查介词用法。句意:史密斯夫妇因其教养孩子的方式而受到赞扬。be praised for.

3、是固定搭配,意为“因而受到赞扬”。4.Before you pay a visit to a place of interest,look in your local library a book about it.(2013安徽,22)A.on B.at C.for D.to剖析:C考查介词和动词的搭配。句意:在你到某一旅游胜地参观之前,先在你当地的图书馆找一本与它有关的书看看。本题考查的是look for 短语,因为in your local library这一地点状语插入其中,从而增加了试题的难度。实际上,本句是由look for a book about it in your loca

4、l library演变而来的。故选C。5.I have an appointment Dr.Smith,but I need to change it.(2013北京,26)A.to B.offC.with D.from剖析:C考查介词用法。句意:我与史密斯博士有约,但是我需要改变一下。此处have an appointment with sb.表示“和某人有约”。故选C项。6. all the animals Ive ever had,these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.(2012浙江,6)A.From B.Of

5、C.For D.With剖析:B考查介词。根据语境“在我所养的动物中”,几个介词只有of可以表示“的之中”“属于范围”,故选B。7.The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place the main road at the far end of the lake.(2012辽宁,27)A.to B.for C.off D.out剖析:C句意:The Well Hotel坐落在一个安静的地方,远离在湖的尽头的大路。off 离开,远离,符合题意,故选C项。8.Nothing is so easy as parents to raise their expectation

6、s of their children too high.(2012福建,33)A.of B.to C.by D.for剖析:D“.for sb.to do sth.”即“对某人来说做某事是的”。句意:没有什么比父母抬高对子女的期望更容易的了。这句话其实在表达“父母极容易把对儿女的期望抬得过高(以至于儿女们倍感压力)。”【技巧点拨】 句中使用“so easy as.”结构及nothing这个否定代词,传达的其实是最高级的含义,即as后的那件事最“easy”了。英语的思维与中文不同,此处可见一斑。9.Do you think this shirt is too tight the shoulde

7、rs?(2012北京,34)A.at B.on C.to D.across剖析:D考查介词。句意:你认为这件衬衫肩太紧吗?across the shoulders在肩部(从一肩到另一肩)。10.An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are it.(2012陕西,11)A.against B.for C.to D.with剖析:A考查介词辨析。句意:达成一致意见似乎不可能,因为委员会大部分成员都反对。be against反对;be for支持。11.Im sorry I

8、didnt phone you,but Ive been very busy the past couple of weeks.(2011山东,30)A.beyond B.with C.among D.over剖析:D考查介词。句意:很抱歉我没有给你打电话,但是近几个星期以来,我一直很忙。over表示“在期间”,其他三个介词无此含义。12.I always wanted to do the job which Id been trained .(2011浙江,5)A.on B.for C.by D.of剖析:B句意:我一直想要做我为之受训过的工作。for表示“为了目的”。13.Sometime

9、s proper answers are not far to seek food safety problems.(2011安徽,25)A.in B.to C.on D.after剖析:B考查介词。句意:有时候,找到合适的解决食品安全问题的办法并不难。根据句意,此处考查固定搭配answer to.“的答案,的解决办法”。该句相当于Sometimes proper answers to food safety problems are not far to seek.14.My father warned me going to the West Coast because it was cr

10、owded with tourists.(2010天津,13)A.by B.on C.for D.against剖析:Dwarn sb.against sth./doing sth.意为“告诫某人不要做某事”,还可用warn sb.not to do来表达;而warn sb.of (doing) sth./to do sth.意为“告诫某人某事/告诫某人去做某事”。根据句意及后面的going可知答案为D。15.How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space!Its a challenge,I guess, man agai

11、nst nature.(2009福建,23)A.of B.for C.by D.about剖析:A句意:宇航员在探索外太空,这太令人惊奇了!我想这是人类对大自然的挑战。根据句意可知此处of表示从属关系,意为“属于/用于的”,I guess为插入语。考点二 介词短语辨析1.An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered a long lost antique Greek vase.(2013湖北,30)A.at random B.by chanceC.in turn D.on oc

12、casion剖析:B考查介词短语辨析。句意:最近,一位艺术家坐船到南方的岛屿,偶然发现了一个遗失很久的古希腊花瓶。根据句意可知应选B,表示“偶然”。at random任意地,随便地;in turn轮流,依次;on occasion有时,偶尔。2.The manager wants to see changes in the company,and I am sure he will .(2013陕西,24)A.in particular B.in turnC.in charge D.in time剖析:D考查介词短语辨析。句意:经理想看到公司的变化,我确信他迟早会看到的。in time“迟早”

13、,符合句意。in particular意为“特别”,in turn意为“依次,轮流”,in charge意为“负责,掌管”,均与句意不符。3.Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess,as her children are always whenever she tries to.(2013福建,29)A.in the way B.on watchC.in sight D.on the line剖析:A考查介词短语辨析。句意:史密斯太太发现她很难收拾这一片狼藉,因为每当她试图收拾时,她的孩子们总是妨碍她。in the way表示“挡道,妨碍”;o

14、n watch表示“值班;监视”;in sight表示“看得见”;on the line表示“处于危险中”。由题干中的关键信息hard可知此处填in the way“挡道,妨碍”。4. everyone here,I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.(2013辽宁,25)A.By means of B.On behalf ofC.In search of D.For fear of剖析:B考查介词短语。句意:我代表在场的所有人祝您归国旅途愉快。根据句意可知选B,on behalf of“代表”。by means of借助手段,i

15、n search of寻找,for fear of唯恐,恐怕。5.It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner.,Ill set the table.(2013浙江,14)A.As a result B.On the wholeC.In the meanwhile D.As a matter of fact剖析:C本题考查介词短语意义辨析。题干的意思是:“如果你到商店并且把我们晚饭所需要的东西买来,这就算帮大忙了;在此期间,我将把餐桌摆好。”as a result结果,因此;on the

16、 whole从整体而言;in the meanwhile在此期间,与此同时;as a matter of fact事实上。由题干意思可知正确选项为C项。6.I am always delighted when I receive an e-mail from you. the party on July 1st,I shall be pleased to attend.(2013江苏,26)A.On account of B.In response toC.In view of D.With regard to剖析:D本题考查介词短语辨析。on account of因为,由于;in respo

17、nse to对作出回应;in view of考虑到,鉴于;with regard to关于,至于。根据句意“当我收到你的电子邮件时,我总是很高兴。关于7月1日的聚会,我将很乐意参加。”可知,答案为with regard to。7.Brown said he was by no means annoyed;,he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.(2012浙江,14)A.all in all B.for one thingC.on the contrary D.by the way剖析:C考查介词短语。句意:Brown

18、说他没生气;相反,他很高兴让人对他消除误解。all in all总之;for one thing一方面;on the contrary相反;by the way顺便问一句。故C正确。8.China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals all its citizens.(2012福建,26)A.in charge of B.for the purpose ofC.in honor of D.for the benefit of剖析:D句意:中国一直以来致力于为了公民的利益而推动公立医院的改革。for the benefit of sb.

19、表示“为了的利益”。A项“负责,掌管”;B项“为了的目的”;C项“为了纪念”或“为了表示对的尊敬”,均不合句意。9.He seems to be giving the impression that he didnt enjoy himself in Paris.,he had a wonderful time.(2012江西,34)A.Above all B.Whats moreC.As a result D.On the contrary剖析:D句意:他好像是给人印象:他在巴黎玩得不快乐正相反,他玩得很开心。above all最重要的是;whats more而且;as a result结果

20、;on the contrary正相反。10.The furniture,with its modern style and bright colors,suits modern houses and their gardens,but looks in the garden of a traditional home.(2012湖北,25)A.out of question B.out of orderC.out of sight D.out of place剖析:D考查介词短语辨析。句意:这套拥有现代风格和亮丽色彩的家具适合现代化房子和花园,但在这套传统风格房屋的花园里看上去有点不适合。o

21、ut of question没问题,完全可以;out of order混乱;out of sight在视野之外,看不到;out of place不在恰当的位置,不适合。只有D项符合句意。11.When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster,many teachers would prefer to see him step aside younger men.(2011湖北,30)A.in terms of B.in need ofC.in favor of D.in praise of剖析:C考查介词短语辨析。句意:当被问到对校长

22、的看法时,很多老师更想让他辞职,让位于年轻人。in favor of同意,支持,和step aside连用,构成step aside in favor of sb.意为“辞去职位让给某人”。in terms of从方面来说;in need of需要;in praise of称赞。12.I guess weve already talked about this before but Ill ask you again just .(2010浙江,7)A.by nature B.in return C.in case D.by chance剖析:C句意:我猜我们以前已经讨论过这个问题,但是只是为

23、了以防万一,我会再向你请教。by nature天生,本来;in return作为交换/回报;in case以防万一;by chance偶然。13.It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money favors to them.(2010湖北,30)A.in preference to B.in place ofC.in agreement with D.in exchange for剖析:D句意:公职人员给人们施以恩惠而索要礼物或钱财作为交换,这是违法的。in preference to优先于,比起来宁愿;

24、in place of意为“代替,取代”;in agreement with与一致;in exchange for交换,调换。14.This special school accepts all disabled students, educational level and background.(2009江苏,30)A.according to B.regardless ofC.in addition to D.in terms of剖析:B句意:这所特殊学校接受所有残疾孩子,不管他们的受教育水平和受教育背景怎样。according to根据;依照;regardless of不管;不考虑;

25、in addition to除了之外还;in terms of就而言。根据句意可知答案为regardless of。模拟试题考点一 介词词义辨析1.Can I have supper now, Kate?Yes, but we have got no beef left today. Im afraid you have to go it.(2013浙江六校联考)A.at B.exceptC.without D.against 剖析:C句意:我现在能吃晚饭吗,凯特?是的,但是今天我们没有牛肉了,恐怕你不得不勉强应付了。go without 没有而勉强应付;没有也行,符合句意。go at 拼命干

26、;攻击某人;go against 违反;反对。2.I agree to his suggestion condition that he drops all charges.(2013山西大同高三学情调研测试)A.on B.in C.by D.to剖析:A考查介词。句意:我同意他的建议,只要他放弃所有的指控。on condition that“只要”,引导条件状语从句。3. the temperature down day by day, the leaves are turning yellow.(2013哈三中高三十月月考) A.For B.AsC.Because D.With剖析:D考查

27、介词。逗号前面部分没有谓语动词,所以B和C排除,因为as“随着”和because“因为”后面必须接从句。for意为“因为”后面接句子时不能位于句首。with“随着”与后面的成分一起构成with的复合结构。4. PSYs Gangnam Style became popular night and his horse-riding dance has been copied around the world.(2013莆田高中毕业班教学质量检查)A.at B.byC.on D.over剖析:D句意:朴载相的江南style一夜成名;他的骑马舞在世界各地都被模仿。over在期间,符合句意。5. Th

28、e truth of this question lay deep under the surface, my power of understanding.(2013浙江海宁高三2月期初测试)A.beyond B.withinC.against D.through剖析:A句意:这个问题的真相深藏在表面之下,超出了我的理解能力。beyond超出之外;非所能及,符合句意。within在之内;against倚靠;反对,对不利;through由于;穿过。6.Anger makes you smaller,while forgiveness makes you grow what you were.(

29、2012浙江温州高三第一次适应性测试)A.within B.behindC.without D.beyond剖析:D考查介词词义辨析。句意:发怒使人渺小而宽容使人高大。这是一句英语谚语。根据下文what you were (原先的你)可知,此处应表示“超出,越过”之意,因此用beyond。故选D。7. those journeys heading home for the Spring Festival,235 million are likely to be made by train.(2012福建漳州高三毕业班质量检查)A.In B.During C.Of D.Within剖析:C考查介

30、词词义辨析。句意:在春节回家度假人群中,有2.35亿人次乘坐火车。in在范围之内;during在期间;of属于范围的;within不超出,在范围以内。根据句意知此处表示所属关系,故选C。8.Im sorry I didnt answer your e-mail immediately,but Ive been very busy the last couple of days.(2012浙江嘉兴高三教学测试一)A.over B.with C.from D.among剖析:A考查介词词义辨析。句意:对不起,我没有及时给你回复电子邮件,因为这几天太忙了。be busy over sth.在期间很忙

31、;be busy with sth.忙于某事;be busy from sth.从起很忙;be busy among sth.在范围内很忙。故选A。9.We can communicate people in every part of the world the Internet.(2011山东聊城高三期中)A.with;with B.with;throughC.through;through D.through;with剖析:B考查介词辨析。句意:通过互联网我们可以和世界各地的人们进行交流。communicate with sb.为固定搭配;through表示“通过,经由”,而with表示用工具等。【技巧点拨】 针对第二空考查单个介词的用法,一方面要通读题干,另