北京16大景点中英文对照.docx

1、北京16大景点中英文对照北京16大景点中英文对照1.故宫故宫又名紫禁城，位于北京市中心、天安门广场北1km，景山南门对面。故宫外围是一条护城河，河内是周长3km、高近10米的城墙，城墙四面都有门，南有午门，北有神武门，东有东华门，西有西华门；城墙四角还耸立着4座角楼，造型别致，玲珑剔透。故宫大体可分为两部分，南为工作区，即外朝；北为生活区，即内廷。其所有建筑排列在中轴线上，东西对称。在居住区以北还有一个小巧别致的御花园，是皇室人员游玩之所。现在故宫的一些宫殿中设有综合性展览，收藏有大量古代艺术珍品，是中国文物收藏最丰富的博物馆。1. The Imperial PalaceThe Imperia

2、l Palace, also known as the Forbidden City, is located in the center of Beijing City, 1 km north from the Tiananmen Square, right opposite the south gate of Jingshan Mountain. Outside the Imperial Palace lies a moat, on the inner side of which theres the city wall whose perimeter is 3 km with a heig

3、ht of nearly 10 meters. The wall has one gate on each side: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate to the north, the Donghua Gate to the east and the Xihua Gate to the west; besides, therere four exquisitely carved unique turrets standing at each corner of the wall.The Forbidden City can be

4、 roughly divided into two parts: the southern part, the working area, is called “the outer court” and the northern part, the living area, is regarded as “the imperial palace”. All the constructions of the Imperial Palace are arranged orderly on the central axis with east-west symmetry. To the north

5、of the living area is the small but unique Imperial Garden where the royal family amuse themselves.Nowadays, some palaces in the Forbidden City have been equipped with comprehensive exhibitions where abundant ancient art treasures are collected. The National Palace Museum is the museum that collects

6、 the most cultural relics in China.2.天坛公园天坛位于北京城南端，是明清两代皇帝祭祀天地之神和祈祷五谷丰收的地方。天坛包括圜丘和祈谷二坛，围墙分内外两层，呈回字形。北围墙为弧圆形，南围墙与东西墙成直角相交，为方形。这种南方北圆，通称“天地墙”，象征古代“天圆地方”之说。外坛墙东、南、北三面均没有门，只有西边修两座大门圜丘坛门和祈谷坛门（也称天坛门）。而内坛墙四周则有东、南、西、北四座天门。内坛建有祭坛和斋宫，并有一道东西横墙，南为圜丘坛，北为祈谷坛。2. The Temple of HeavenLocated in southern Beijing City

7、, the Temple of Heaven is the place where the emperors of Ming and Qing Dynasties worshiped Heaven and prayed for bumper crops. The Temple of Heaven is comprised of the Circular Mound Altar and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests, and therere two walls, the inner one and the outer one, surrounding

8、the Temple of Heaven. With north wall being circular and the south one square as it intersects with the east and west walls at right angles, theyre given the name “the Heaven and Earth Walls”, representing is about 50 km away from the city center, the Ming Tombs are the graves of the 13 emperors of

9、Ming Dynasty after the capital of Ming Dynasty was moved from Nanjing to Beijing. Its a unified entirety composed by 13 independent tombs. Every tomb was built in the front of a mountain, but their sizes are quite different from each other. Theres at least a distance of 0.5 km and 8 km at most betwe

10、en each two tombs. Changling Mausoleum, Dingling Mausoleum, Zhaoling Mausoleum and Shendao Mausoleum are the tombs that have been opened to be scenic spots.8.万里长城中国万里长城是世界上修建时间最长，工程量最大的冷兵器战争时代的国家军事性防御工程，凝聚着我们祖先的血汗和智慧，是中华民族的象征和骄傲。长城全长大约6700公里，通称“万里长城”。长城的修建持续了两千多年，根据历史记载，从公元前七世纪楚国筑“方城”开始，至明代，共有20多个诸侯

11、国和封建王朝修筑过长城。其中秦、汉、明三个朝代长城的长度都超过了5000公里。长城的主体工程是绵延万里的高大城墙，大都建在山岭最高处，沿着山脊把蜿蜒无尽的山势勾画出清晰的轮廓，塑造出奔腾飞跃、气势蓬勃的巨龙，从而成为中华民族的象征。在万里长城上，分布着百座雄关、隘口，成千上万座敌台、烽火台，既打破了城墙的单调感，又使高低起伏的地形更显得雄奇险峻，充满巨大的艺术魅力。都说不到长城非好汉，我们这些生长在长城脚下的子民，没有理由不去长城瞻仰膜拜吧？推荐登长城地点：著名长城：八达岭长城、居庸关长城这类长城是团队游客必到的北京经典景点，修缮的比较好，却也每个毛孔都透着“新”气，每年的游客络绎不绝，节假日

12、时更是人满为患。“野”长城：慕田峪长城、司马台长城、箭扣长城、黄花城水长城、古北口长城、金山岭长城、白岭关长城、石峡关长城、沿河城长城等。这类长城大多深藏在荒山野岭，虽惨败破落，却别有一番沧桑、肃杀的味道，而且这些长城所倚山势多险峻壮观，不少路段山体近垂直陡峭，景观震撼。但攀爬野长城需注意自身安全，并注意环保和保护野长城。 8. The Great WallAs the national military defensive project in cold weapon era that took the longest period of time to build and with the

13、 largest project amount in the world, the Great Wall of China, imbued with the blood, sweat and ingenuity of our ancestors, is the symbol and pride of the Chinese nation. With a total length of about 6700 km, its called “the Great Wall”. Based on historical records, Chu State first built the wall “F

14、angcheng” in 700 BC and the construction never ended until Ming Dynasty, the construction of the Great Wall lasted for over two thousand years during which more than 20 kingdoms and feudal dynasties once took part in building the Great Wall. In Qin, Han and Ming Dynasties, the length of the wall wer

15、e all more than 5000 km. The major part of the Great Wall is the tall wall extending for thousands of miles, most of which were built on the highest point of the mountain ridges. The Great Walls, like a leaping giant dragon full of momentum, sketches a legible outline of the endless winding mountain

16、s alongside those ridges, therefore becoming the symbol of the Chinese nation. Hundreds of impregnable passes and barriers, and thousands of enemy towers and smoke towers are distributed on the Great Wall, which not only makes the Great Wall not that monotonous but also emphasizes grandness and stee

17、pness of the already precipitous landform, full of artistic charm.He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man, thus theres no reason for people who live at the foot of the Great Wall not to worship it.Recommended places to climb the Great Wall:Famous Great Walls: Badaling Great Wall an

18、d Juyongguan Great WallThese Kind Of Great Walls though relatively well-repaired yet filled with completely new elements are classical scenic spots in Beijing that group tourists certainly wont miss. Every year, those scenic spots see tens of thousands of visitors, and visitors are especially numero

19、us during holidays.The “wild” Great Walls: Mutianyu Great Wall, Simatai Great Wall, Jiankou Great Wall, Huanghuachengshui Great Wall, Gubeikou Great Wall, Jinshanling Great Wall, Bailingguan Great Wall, Shixiaguan Great Wall, Yanhecheng Great Wall etc.Those types of Great Walls mostly hide in the de

20、ep wild mountains, ruined and dilapidated, but beneath that you can see that they are weather-beaten and chilling. The mountains on which those walls were built are grand and precipitous, and you can see the mountains on some sections of the wall are almost vertical, which really catches ones breath

21、. However, at the same time when you take care of the environment and protect the wild Great Walls while climbing the wall, dont forget to mind your own safety as well. 9.孔庙国子监国子监位于北京安定门内国子监街（原名成贤街），与孔庙和雍和宫相邻，是我国元、明、清三代国家管理教育的最高行政机构和国家设立的最高学府。北京孔庙是国子监的一部分，原称国子监孔庙或京师孔庙，是皇帝举行国家祭孔典礼的场所，它与西侧太学（国子监）构成“左庙

22、右学”的建制。由于夏季炎热，每年10-4月是最佳旅游季节，春暖花开，气候宜人。还可以顺便在皇城根公园一带溜达溜达，赏花看鸟，很惬意。 9. The Beijing Confucius Temple and the Imperial CollegeLocated at the Street of Confucius Temple (the old name is called Chengxian Street) in the Anding Door, the Imperial College is adjacent to the Confucius Temple and the Yonghego

23、ng Lamasery. It is the Chinese highest administrative institution of the national education management in Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, and also the most advanced school established by state. Beijing Confucius Temple is one part of the Imperial College that once was called the Confucius Temple of I

24、mperial College or Peking Imperial Confucius Temple. And It was the place that the emperor giving the national Confucius memorial ceremony. It forms the construction system of “temple left and school right” with the Imperial Collage at its west side. From the October to the April in the next year, t

25、here are wonderful flowers everywhere in the warm spring and the climate is quite agreeable, it is the best tourist season other than the hot summer. People can also take a walk in the Imperial Palace Wall Park by the way, and to appreciate the flowers and birds which is very pleasant. 10.景山公园景山地处北京

26、城中轴线最高点。登上景山，可俯瞰北京，古都风貌尽收眼底，美不胜收。景山春天有牡丹展、夏天有荷花展、秋天有秋实秋菊展，三季花团锦簇，四季松柏常青。除了美景，这里还充满着老北京的生活气息，每天早晚都有很多人在这里锻炼，多以老年人为主，他们还在这里唱红歌忆往昔。10. The Jingshan ParkThe Jingshan Park is at the top of the axle wire of Beijing city. Climbing up on the Jingshan, people can overlook and have a panoramic view of Beijing

27、; it is a feast for the eyes. There are peony show in spring, lotus show in summer and chrysanthemum show in autumn. It is the bouquets of flowers and piles of brocades for three seasons and the pine and cypress staying evergreen for four seasons. In addition to the beautiful scenery, there is fille

28、d with the lifestyle of old Peking: there are many people taking exercise every morning and night, mostly are the elderly, they are also singing the red songs and recalling the past. 11.中山公园 中山公园坐落在北京城中心，位于天安门西侧，前邻天安门广场，后依紫禁城。原是明、清时的社稷坛，因1925年孙中山先生的灵柩曾停放在园内拜殿中，1928年命名为中山公园。中山音乐堂就在中山公园内，中山音乐堂是中国爱乐乐团与

29、北京交响乐团音乐季的主场，同时也是北京国际音乐节的主要演出场地。11. The Zhongshan ParkThe Zhongshan Park is situated in the center of Beijing city, located at the west side of Tiananmen. Its front is adjacent to the Tiananmen Square and its back is near the Forbidden City. The Zhongshan Park was once the Altar of Land and Grain in

30、 Ming and Qing dynasty. In 1925, the bier of Sun Yat-sen was placed in the hall of the park, Therefore, in 1928, it got the name of Zhongshan Park. Zhongshan Music Hall is in the Zhongshan Park, it is the music season home court of the Chinese Philharmonic Orchestra and Beijing Symphony Orchestra, a

31、nd meanwhile, it is also the main performing place of Beijing International Music Festival. 12.香山公园香山公园位于北京西郊，景区内主峰香炉峰俗称“鬼见愁”，海拔557m。香山公园文物古迹众多，有燕京八景之一的“西山晴雪”，有集明清两代建筑风格的寺院“碧云寺”，有国内仅存的木质贴金“五百罗汉”，有迎接六世班禅的行宫“宗镜大昭之庙”，有颇具江南特色的古雅庭院“见心斋”。香山红叶驰名中外，1986年就被评为“新北京十六景”之一，成为京城最浓的秋色，每到深秋时节（10月中旬至11月中旬），数以万计的中外游客

32、齐聚香山，共赏秋色。 12. The Fragrant Hill ParkThe Fragrant Hill Park is located in western suburbs of Beijing. The main peak Hyangnobong is commonly known as “devilishly hard to achieve” with a altitude of 557 meters. There are numerous historical relics, such as the “Fine Snow in Xishan”, one of the Eight Great sights of Yanjing, the “Temple of Azure Cloud” which has the architectural style of Ming and Qing dynasty, the remaining wooden “Five Hundred Arhats” with golden coat, the temporary imperial palace “Zongjing Jokhang Temple” to welcome the Sixth Panchen Lama, and the graceful courtyar