完整版专四英语语法考点.docx

1、完整版专四英语语法考点语法考点之一 ：虚拟语气考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should,could,might)+ have done；1. I _the party much more if there hadnt been quite such a crowd of people there. 1996 A. would enjoy B. will have enjoyed C. would have enjoyed D. will be enjoying2. All of us would have enjoyed

2、the party much more if there _ quite such a crowd of people there.2000 A. werent B. hasnt been C. hadnt been D. wouldnt省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were,had或 should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。3. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she _ much better results now. 2008 A. would be getting B. could have got C. must

3、 get D. would get4. _you were busy, I wouldnt have bothered you with my questions. 1994 A. If I realized B. Had I realized C. I realized that D. As I realized 5._, he would not have recovered so quickly. 1995A.Hadnt he been taken good care of B.Had he not been taken good care ofC.Had not he been tak

4、en good care of D.Had he been not taken good care of6. _for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. 2002 A. Had it not been B. Hadnt it been C. Was it not D. Were it not 2、与现在事实相反：从句sb did(were)，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；1. If there were no subjunctive mood, Englis

5、h _ much easier to learn.2009 A. could have been B. would be C. will be D. would have been2. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _ able to advise you much better than I can.2005 A. would be B. will have been C. was D. Were3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should,

6、 could, might)+do。1. _ you _ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.2005 A. If, had B. Have, had C. Should, have D. In case, had4、错综条件句：主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。比如：从句对过去虚拟，而主句对现在虚拟，即从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do；1. If only the patient _ a different treatment

7、instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.2007 A. had received B. received C. should receive D. were receiving 考点2：表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, demand引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句，谓语用（should)+动词原形。1. He left orders that nothin

8、g _touched until the police arrived here.1997 A. should be B. ought to be C. must be D. would be 2. She asked that she _ allowed to see her son in police custody. 1993 A.would be B.could be C.be D.was 考点3：It is +advisable, essential, important, imperative, incredible等从句，谓语用（should）+动词原形。1. It is nec

9、essary that he _ the assignment without delay.2010 A. hand in B. hands in C. must hand in D. has to hand in2. It is absolutely essential that William _ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.2007 A. will continue B. continued C. continue D. continues3. It is imperative that the government

10、_ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.2006 A. attracts B. shall attract C. attract D. has to 4.It is imperative that students _ their term papers on time.2004 A. hand in B. would hand in C. have to hand in D. handed in 考点4：it is (high/about) time that的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。例如:1. Its high time we

11、_ cutting down the rainforests.2006 A stopped B had to stop C shall stop D stop 考点5：much as尽管，虽然引导让步状语从句，从句中用would have done表示假设。1. Much as _, I couldnt lend him the money because I simply didnt have that much spare cash.1999 A.I would have liked to B.I would like to have C.I should have to like D.I

12、 should have liked to考点6：if only, wish, as if/as though引导从句，与过去事实相反：had + done；与现在事实相反：动词过去式；与将来事实相反：could/would + do。1. If only I _play the guitar as well as you! 2006 A would B could C should D might2. He talks on and on as if he would never end.考点7：would rather/sooner从句中使用一般过去式或过去完成式分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟

13、。1. The manager would rather his daughter _ in the same office now. A.had not worked B.not to work C.does not work D.did not work 考点8：On condition that. /lest / for fear that+(should ) +原形动词。1. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, _ that he paid me back the following week.2005 A

14、. on occasion B. on purpose C. on condition D. only if注：On condition that.是“只有”“条件是”的意思，可以使用虚拟语气，也可以不用。Ill come on condition that John is invited. They agree to lend him the car on condition he (should) return it in a week.2. lest 以免e.g. : tiptoed lest the guard should hear her; anxious lest he beco

15、me ill.考点9：but for1. _ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.1994 A. Unless B. But for C. Except for D. Not for考点10：让步状语从句Whether he be rich or poor, Ill marry him.1. _, Ill marry him all the same.2004 A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich or poor C. Were he rich or

16、poor D. Be he rich or poor2. Whether my brother right or wrong, he will have my unwavering support.2001 A. Is B. Were C. Be D. Would be 语法考点之二 ：情态动词*情态动词: will（愿意）, shall（将）, must（必须）, can, may, would, should (应该), might, could, ought to, used to（过去常常）, need（需要）, dare（竟敢），have to（不得不）考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以

17、下内容：（1）情态动词+行为动词完成式（表示推测） （2）某些情态动词的特殊用法考点1. 情态动词have过去分词结构表示推测(1) must have v-ed表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。否定形式为：cant / couldnt have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事。1. Which of the following sentences expresses probability?2008A. You must leave immediately. B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight o

18、clock. D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.2. He _ the 8:20 bus because he didnt leave home till 8:25. (1994) A. couldnt have caught B. ought to have caught C. shouldnt have caught D. must not have caught (2) could have v-ed 表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。(3) may / might have v-ed 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了

19、.1. He _ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. (1999) A. may have acted B. must have acted C. should act D. would act (4) ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldnt have v-ed 用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”，分别表示“本应该”和“本不应该”1. Arent you tired? I _ you had done enough for today

20、. 2009 A. should have thought B. must have thought C. might have thought D. could have thought(5) neednt have v-ed 表示过去做了某事，但没有做的必要， 意为“本没必要”。1. You _ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business. (1998) A. neednt have told B. neednt tell C. mustnt have told D. mustnt tell2. As it turned out t

21、o be a small house party, we _ so formally. (1996)A. need not have dressed up B. must not have dressed up C. did not need to dress up D. must not dress up 注意：did not need to do 动作并没发生。例：I didnt need to get up early, so I got up until 9 a.m.考点2. 特殊用法(1) cant“不可能”（表推测）, may not “可能不”（表推测）, mustnt (mus

22、t not) “不要; 禁止”; used notusednt to或didnt use to 过去不(2) should 表示惊讶1. I am surprised_ this city is a dull place to live in.2006 A. that you should think B. by what you are thinking C. that you would think D. with what you were thinking 2. We consider _ he should have left without telling anyone befor

23、ehand. 2009 A. strange why B. it strange what C. it strange that D. that strange(3) 用于过去式中，can常表示能过做某事，但事实不一定去做；be able to则表示能做某事并且已经做了。1. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I _ the journey in exactly two days.2005 A. must take B. must have made C. was able to make D. could ma

24、ke(4) Cant but + V.,表示不得不，与have to同义。Cant help +Ving 忍不住。(5) cannot too / enough 表示 “无论怎么也不算过分”、“越越好”(6) may/ might as well + 动词原形”意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”，相当于had betterIm ready，so Imight as wellgo now(7) may well + 动词原形”，意为“（完全）能，很可能” : He may well be proud of his son. 他大可为儿子高兴。(8) may as well as还是好了e.g. You

25、 may as well as give him the letter. 语法考点之三 ：非谓语动词考点1：不定式 近几年考的不多。以前的考点基本集中在：(1) 考察哪些动词接不定式；(2) 考察哪些短语接不带to的不定式； 1) cant help/choose but do 不得不,只能,不禁 2) why not do sth 1. _him tomorrow? 2001 A. Why not to call on B. Why dont call on C. Why not calling on D. Why not call on 3) would do rather than do

26、1.She said she would work it out herself, _ ask me for help.1993 A.and not to B.but not C.and prefer not D.rather than(3) 考察短语be believed/said to do sth的用法；1. The Minister of Finance is believed _ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.2004 A. that he is thinking B. to be thinking C. that he i

27、s to think D. to think 2. AIDS is said _the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in the region.2002 A. being B. to be C. to have been D. having been 3. Professor Johnson is said _some significant advance in his research in the past year. 1999 A. having made B. making C. to

28、 have made D. to make(4)考察动词不定时的时态和语态：进行式to be doing, 完成式to have done;一般式被动语态to be done; 完成式被动语态to have been done。另外，不定式短语有将来时的意思； 考点2：动名词（1）常接动名词做宾语的词：mind(介意), miss(逃过), mention(提及), prevent, postpone, practice, risk(冒险), resist(抵制), consider(考虑), admit(承认), avoid(避免), appreciate(感激), fancy(幻想), f

29、inish(完成)，feel like(喜欢), escape(逃脱), ensure(确保) , delay(延迟), deny(否认), resent, detest, imagine(想象), suggest(建议) 1. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid_. 1996 A. from being beaten B. being beaten C. beating D. to be beaten 2. He resented _to

30、 wait. He expected the minister _ him at once.1995 A. to be asked, to see B. being asked, to see C. to be asked, seeing D. being asked, seeing3.I never regretted _ offer, for it was not where my interest lay.1993 A.not to accept B.not having accepted C.having not accepted D.not accepting b选项表示的是对已经发

31、生事件的陈述, 指示某一次特殊的情况.d选项表示的是一般性的情况,不特指某一次特殊的情况（2）介词后的ing：prevent/stop/keep sb /sth from doing 阻止做；spend/waste time /money in doing 在做方面花钱、浪费时间或金钱；how /what about doing sth 做怎么样了？；Have some difficulty/trouble in doing 在方面有些困难；There is no sense in doing (做是没有理由的)；Thank / admire /praise/blame /scold/ punish sb for doing sth因做某事而感谢、羡慕、表扬、责备