学年高中英语人教版必修3习题Unit+4+Section+4.docx

1、学年高中英语人教版必修3习题Unit+4+Section+4Section_Learning_about_Language_&_Using_Language原文呈现读文清障A VISIT TO THE MOONLast month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer. We visited the moon in our spaceship！Before we left, Li Yanping explained to me

2、that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey and that the first change would be the most powerful. Then we were off. As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity. It was so hard that we could

3、not say anything to each other. Gradually the weight lessened and I was able to talk to him. “Why is the spaceship not falling back to the earth? On the earth if I fall from a tree I will fall to the ground.” I asked.“We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull，” he explained, “so we feel as

4、if there is no gravity at all. When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earths.” I cheered up immediately and floatedweightlessly around in our spaceship cabinwatching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.名词visit后接to，意为“

5、到的旅行”，to为介词。have a chance to do sth.有机会做某事make a trip(take a tripgo on a trip)去旅行in our spaceship乘宇宙飞船，相当于by spaceship。spaceship/speIsIp/n.宇宙飞船explain sth. to sb.“向某人解释某事”。本句中explain的宾语是两个that从句，因太长而后移了。explain后不能直接跟sb.，须先接介词to。类似的词还有say, announce等。the force of gravity地心引力be off离开，起飞。在本句中相当于take off

6、。push .back into .把推回到pull/pl/n.&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力pull down拆毁pull on/off匆忙穿上/匆忙脱掉so .that .如此以至于，引导结果状语从句。gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地，渐渐地lessen/lesn/vi.&vt.减少；减轻fall back to 落回到be far from离很远get close to接近，靠近feel sb./sth.doing sth.感到某人/某物在做某事as strong a pull as为“asadj.a(n)n.as”结构。cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋float/flt/vi

7、.&vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n.漂浮物weightlessly/weItlIslI/adv.失重地cabin/kbIn/n.小屋；船舱现在分词短语watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger作伴随状语。watch sb./sth. do sth.观察某人/某物做某事。月球之旅第12段译文我的朋友李彦平是一位天文学家，上个月我非常有幸有机会同他一起去太空旅行。我们乘宇宙飞船游览了月球！在起程以前，李彦平向我解释说，在我们的旅行中会有三次引力的改变，而第一次的改变将是最强的。随后我们就起航了。随着火箭升入太空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球

8、的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。这种引力太强了，以至于我们彼此间都不能说话了。渐渐地，这个力量慢慢减小，我才能够同他讲话。我问道：“为什么宇宙飞船不会落回到地球呢？在地球上的时候，如果我从树上掉下来，总会朝地上落下去的。”李彦平解释说：“现在我们离地球太远了，感觉不到地球的拉力，所以我们感觉好像完全没有地球引力了。当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。”我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。When we got there, I wanted to explore immediate

9、ly. “Come on，” I said. “If you are right, my weight will be less than on the earth because the moon is smaller and I will be able to move more freely. I might even grow taller if I stay here long enough. I shall certainly weigh less！” I laughed and climbed down the steps from the spaceship. But when

10、 I tried to step forward， I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. “Oh dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practicenow that gravity has changed.” After a while I got the hang of it and we began to enjoy ourselves.Leaving the moons gravity was not as painful as leavin

11、g the earths. But returning to the earth was very frightening.We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased. Again we were pushed hard into our seats as we came back to land. “That was very exhausting but very exciting too，” I said. “Now I know

12、much more about gravity! Do you think we could visit some stars next time？”“Of course，” he smiled, “which star would you like to go to？”come on快点儿。常用于祈使句中以鼓励某人，意为“动手吧；快点儿；加油”。step forward朝前走；迈步向前twice as far as“的两倍远”。倍数表示法：倍数(twice, three times .)asadj./adv.as。fall over跌倒；摔倒动名词walking在此处作主语。does为助动词

13、，加强语气，意为“确实”，其后跟动词原形。now that既然(引导原因状语从句)get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解enjoy oneself尽情地玩；玩得高兴break out 突发：爆发exhaust/Izst/vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽exhausting adj.令人精疲力尽的exhausted adj.感到精疲力尽的exhaustion n精疲力尽；用光，耗尽know在此处相当于understand，意为“理解，明白”。第34段译文我们到达月球时，我就想立即进行探测。“来吧，”我说，“要是你讲得对，我的重量就会比在地球上小，因为月球更小，而我就能更自由地活动了。如果我

14、在月球上待的时间足够长的话，我甚至可能长得更高，我的体重肯定也会变得更轻！”我笑着从宇宙飞船的梯级上爬下来。但当我试图往前走时，我发现自己被带到一个步幅相当于地球上两倍远的地方并且摔倒了。“天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路的确需要练一练了。”过了一会儿，我才掌握了走路的诀窍，我们这才开始感到自如了。摆脱月球引力不像摆脱地球引力那样痛苦。但是返回到地球的经历却是非常吓人的。我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。当我们回到地面时，我们又(感到)被重重地推回在座位上。我说道：“真是精疲力尽了，但也很激动人心。关于引力，我现在就懂得更多了！你认为下次我们可以去别的星球上游

15、览吗？”“当然可以，”他笑着说，“你想到哪颗星球上去呢？”Step 1True (T) or False (F)1The spaceship cant fall back to the earth because it is too far away from the earth.()2When I was on the moon I felt I was heavier than I am on the earth.()3At the very beginning，the author felt strongest of the gravity of the earth.()答案：1.T2.

16、F3.TStep 2Read the text and choose the best answers.1The passage mainly talks about_.Awhat the moon isBmy visit to the moonCthe differences between the earth and the moonDLi Yanping, my friend, who is an astronaut2When we were going up, we felt_.Awe were pressed against our seatsBwe were lighter tha

17、n we were on the earthCas if we were flyingDthe rocket was shaking strongly3Why cant the spaceship fall back to the earth?ABecause the moons gravity pulls it up.BBecause it is too far away from the earth.CBecause the earth has no gravity.DBecause the spaceship is not very heavy.4When I was on the mo

18、on I felt I was_than on the earth.Aslower BheavierCcleverer Dlighter答案：14BABD一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.climaten气候 2.pulln&vt. 拉(力)，拖，牵引力3.floatvi.&vt. (使)浮动，(使)漂浮n. 漂浮物4.crashvi.&vt. 碰撞；坠落 5.satelliten. 卫星；人造卫星6.gravityn. 万有引力；重力7.spaceshipn. 宇宙飞船 .拓展词汇1.gentleadj.温和的；文雅的gently adv.温和地2.physicistn物理

19、学家physics n物理学physical adj.物理的；物理学的；体力的1.spaceship n宇宙飞船 记法名词名词名词space(太空)ship (船)spaceship (宇宙飞船 )联想由spaceship想到的websitewebsite(网址)homeworkhomework(家庭作业)airlineairline(航班)basketballbasketball(篮球)2.physicist n物理学家联想后缀ist名词荟萃biologist 生物学家chemist 化学家politician 政治家geologist 地质学家二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.as

20、_a_result结果2block_out 挡住(光线)3cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋4now_that 既然5get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解6break_out (战争、火灾、疾病等的)突发；爆发7watch_out_for 密切注视；当心；提防1.make a trip去旅行 2in our spaceship 乘宇宙飞船3the force of gravity 地心引力 4fall back to 落回到 5get close to 接近，靠近 6step forward 朝前走，迈步向前 7fall over 跌倒，摔倒三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.W

21、hen we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earths. 当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们，但是月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。 原级比较的特殊句型：“as adj. a/an n. as”。I hope you can give them encouragement to live as_rich_and_full_a_life_as you do. 我希望你能给予他们鼓励，让他们和你们一样过着丰富

22、多彩而充实的生活。2.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.但当我试图往前走时，我发现自己被带到一个步幅相当于地球上两倍远的地方并且摔倒了。倍数表达法之一：“倍数as形容词/副词原级as .”。As we all know, cats sleep twice_as_much_as people. 众所周知，猫睡觉的时间比人长一倍。3.We watched,amazedas fire broke out on the outside of

23、 the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。形容词作伴随状语，补充说明主语所处的状态。After the long journey, the three of us went back home, hungry_and_tired. 长途旅行之后，我们三人回到了家，又饿又累。1(教材P29)Other scientists believe that a comet crashedinto the earth long ago and caused the disappearance.其

24、他科学家认为很久以前一颗彗星与地球相撞导致了(恐龙)灭绝。 crash vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落n.(汽车的)撞车事故；(飞机的)失事；撞击声crash into/onto . 撞到上/里with a crash 轰隆一声A lot of passengers were killed in the train crash.许多旅客在火车车祸中丧生了。The car crashed into a big stone and burst into flames.汽车突然撞在一块大石头上并燃烧起来。The tree fell with a great crash all of a sudden.突

25、然，那棵树哗啦一声倒了下来。语境串记He witnessed a serious traincrash today. Two trains crashed into each other and let out a loudcrash.今天他目睹了一起火车相撞事故。两列火车彼此撞在了一起，发出了很大的爆裂声。2(教材P30)As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pullof the earths gravity.随着火箭升入

26、太空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。 pull n& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力 pull off 脱(衣、帽等)pull through 康复；完成；使渡过难关pull in (火车)进站；(船)靠岸；驶向路边停靠pull up 停车；停住pull down 拆毁Pull the chestnut out of fire.谚语火中取栗。I didnt notice the train had already pulled in.我没有注意到火车已经进站了。The driver pulled up at the gate of our school.司机把车停在我们校门口

27、了。3(教材P31)I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。 cheer (sb.) up感到高兴；感到振奋(1)cheer sb. on(赛跑比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油(2)cheerful adj. 快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的cheering n. 欢呼

28、，喝彩adj. 令人振奋的，令人高兴的cheers int. (用于祝酒)干杯；再见；谢谢形象记忆I tried to cheer her up by telling her the good news.我把这个好消息告诉了她，想使她高兴起来。Friends will cheer you on when you are in trouble.朋友会在你有困难的时候鼓励你。She is so cheerful (cheer) that everyone likes her.她是一个快乐的女孩，每个人都喜欢她。语境串记The cheeringnews made the boy cheerful，w

29、hich made his parents cheer uptoo.这个令人振奋的消息使得这个小男孩高兴起来，他的父母亲也感到高兴。4(教材P31)“Oh dear，” I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now thatgravity has changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路的确需要练一练了。” now that既然(1)now that在意思和用法上同since，引导原因状语从句，口语中that可省略。Now that everyone is here, lets begin our meeting.既然大家

30、都到齐了，我们就开始开会吧。Now_(that)/Since you have grown up, you should not rely on your parents.既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母了。名师点津(1)引导原因状语从句的连词还有：since, because, as, considering(that), in that等。(2)引导原因状语的短语：due to, thanks to, because of, as a result of, owing to, on account of等。Ive been lucky in_that I have never had to worry about money.我很幸运，从来不必为钱发愁。5(教材P31)We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。 break