考研英语一阅读真题全文翻译及答案七绝俗手版.docx

1、考研英语一阅读真题全文翻译及答案七绝俗手版2011年考研英语(一)阅读真题全文翻译及答案（七绝俗手版）2011-01-16七绝俗手21-25 CBDBA26-30 BDCAC31-35 DCBAA36-40 CDADB41-45 BDACFSection II Reading Comprehension Part ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

2、 (40 points)Text 1The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least.“Hooray! At l

3、ast!”wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic。2009年纽约交响乐团突然宣布聘用艾伦吉尔伯特为下一位乐曲指挥，从那时起一直到现在，这次任命都成为古典音乐界的话题。退一步说，从总体上看，反应还是不错的。如冷静的古典音乐评论家安东尼托姆西尼就这样写：万岁，最后。 然而，这次任命还是令人意外。原因之一在于吉乐伯特名声相对较小。就连那时主张雇用吉尔伯特的托姆西尼，也称吉尔伯特其貌不扬，缺乏一位令人敬仰的指挥大师的气质。作为对这个很牛的管弦乐队（牛的表现：到目前为此一直被牛人领导着）下一任指挥家的描述，这种描述跟虚浮

4、的赞扬一样，确实会吓到至少一部分泰晤士报的读者（让他们觉得不可思议）。 就我的观点而言，我不知道吉尔伯特是不是一位伟大的指挥家，甚至连他是不是算好的指挥家也不敢确定。可以确信的是，虽然他演出了很多令人印象深刻的有趣的乐曲。然而，我不需要访问Avery Fisher Hall（可能是纽约交响乐团所在地，即吉尔伯特表演之所），或者其他地方才能听到有趣的管弦乐。（作者意思是，不需要听吉尔伯特，到处可以听到有趣的管弦乐。）我所做的，只需要到我的CD棚里去，随便打开我的电脑，从ITUNES上就可下载比那（当指吉尔伯特表演的）多得多的类似的音乐。 对于唱片，那些专门参加音乐会的人会说，现场表演是不可替代的

5、。他们显然忽视了一个要点。为了替音乐爱好者节省时间、精力、金钱考虑，古典乐曲表演表不仅要在各种表演场所进行竞争，还要在纪录这些行为的媒介上竞争。记录下来的表演比现场表演更便宜，更易得，甚至质量更好。而且它们的消费时间地点可以任由听者选择。因此，这种记录的广泛应用，带来了传统音乐会的生存危机。One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilberts own interest in new music

6、has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization。”But what will be the nature of that difference?Merely expanding the orchestras repertoire will not be enough. If Gi

7、lbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between Americas oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract。一个可能的答复（解决办法）是古典音乐表演者发明有吸引力的从记录上得不到的曲子。吉尔伯特在新音乐方面投入了自己的兴趣，这被人广泛注意到了：如古典音乐评论家罗斯就把吉尔伯特描述成一个可以扭转交响乐方向的人，认为他把交响乐带进了一个明显不同的更有活力的天地。但是，这种不同的实质是什么呢？仅仅

8、扩展交响乐的节目是不够的。吉尔伯特和交响乐要想取得成功，必须首先改变美国旧的管弦乐和它们想吸引的新的听众之间的关系。21. We learn from Para.1 that Gilberts appointment has Aincurred criticism。Braised suspicion。Creceived acclaim。Daroused curiosity。22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who isAinfluential。Bmodest。Crespectable。Dtalented。23. The author beli

9、eves that the devoted concertgoersAignore the expenses of live performances。Breject most kinds of recorded performances。Cexaggerate the variety of live performances。Doverestimate the value of live performances。24. According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings?AThey are often in

10、ferior to live concerts in quality。BThey are easily accessible to the general public。CThey help improve the quality of music。DThey have only covered masterpieces。25. Regarding Gilberts role in revitalizing the Philharmonic, the author feels Adoubtful。Benthusiastic。Cconfident。Dpuzzled。Text 2 29.当列姆麦克

11、杰八月份从美国银行任上离职时，他的解释真令人意外。与通常会用的模糊理由不同的是，他直率地说，他离开是为了管理一家公司，而那是他一向就有的追求。他说，作出这一选择纯属个人原因。两周之内，他与哈佛财务服务集团的董事会实现了首次会谈，这一集团在9月29日聘他任CEO。 麦克杰说，他离开时并没有确定的目标，这使他得以反思考自己究竟想管理什么样的公司。这同时也可以让他向外界展示自己的魄力。无独有偶（并不只有他才有这种雄心）。最近几周，雅芳公司和美国联邦快递公司的第二执行官都离开自己的公司，他们的解释是想当CEO。由于董事会需要在股东压力下审查继承人方案，还没有被准许离开的这几位执行官肯定希望事情早点出来

12、结果。商业环境复杂异常，这使得高级经理人员不愿用模糊的声明来损害自己的名声。（be cautious of谨防） 随着经济开始出现复苏的迹象，这些希望离任者可能在还没有找到下家时就跳槽。根据“登记册”研究机构的报告，由于神经紧张的董事会只听自己的领导人的话，在第三季度，CEO营业额从一年前开始下降了23%。由于经济复苏，那些有抱负的领导人将大有机会。The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have

13、 adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:”I cant think of a single search Ive done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first。”退出高级职位去寻找更好的的职位，这种决定是非同寻常的，过去可不常见。多年来，执行官和猎头们过都坚持认为，

14、最好的CEO需要去挖别人的墙角才能得到（而不是那些主动离开原岗位的人）。某某说，当董事会还没有委托我先去找一个还在任上的CEO时，我不能去考虑到我在网上一搜就有的那些人。 那些没有工作去向就跳槽的人不会总是很快找到顶级岗位。十年前爱伦马拉姆从T公司领导人的位子上退下，也是为了当一个CEO。一年前她才成为一家小型电子交易所的领导人。罗伯特在2005年为了当CEO而离开，他最终在一家主要的财务机构找到这种工作是在三年之后。Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers.The financial cris has

15、made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one.“The traditional rule was its safer to stay where you are, but thats been fundamentally inverted,”says one headhunter.“The people whove been hurt the worst are those whove stayed too long。”许多招聘人说，对于那些顶级的演员来说，旧的耻辱正在淡忘。财务危机使得在两个工作机会之间选择或

16、者离开更坏的工作这样的行为变得可以接受。“传统规则是最好呆在你原来的地方，但现在这种规则被从根本上颠覆了。”一个猎头说，“在一个地方呆得越久，就越容易受损。”26. When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be described as beingAarrogant。Bfrank。Cself-centered。Dimpulsive。27. According to Paragraph 2, senior executivesquitting may be spurred by Atheir expectation of b

17、etter financial status。Btheir need to reflect on their private life。Ctheir strained relations with the boards。Dtheir pursuit of new career goals。28. The word“poached”(Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably meansAapproved of。Battended to。Chunted for。Dguarded against。29. It can be inferred from the last p

18、aragraph thatAtop performers used to cling to their posts。Bloyalty of top performers is getting out-dated。Ctop performers care more about reputations。Dits safer to stick to the traditional rules。30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?ACEOs: Where to Go?BCEOs: All the Way Up?CTop M

19、anagers Jump without a NetDThe Only Way Out for Top PerformersText 3 在过去，销售成功的基本法则是： 这类戏剧性的技术革新给商人带来数量越来越多（种类也越来越多）的通信机会的同时，也同样会提高风险。因为热情的用户会更快更形象更有破坏力地表达自己的反对，这种被绑架的媒介，是免费利用的媒介的反面。此时，媒介成为敌人可用的财产或者发起的一次行动（敌人有用户、其他竞争对手、对某商标或产品向来没有好话的社会活动家），就像人质一样。例如，社会网络中的成员正在意识到他们可以绑架媒介，来对建立媒介的那些商人施加压力。 如果这种事情发生了，热情

20、的用户就会努力劝说其他人抵制产品，使得目标公司声名处于危险之中。此时，公司的反应往往不会足够快，也不会足够理性，学习曲线将会变得直上直下。例如丰田汽车，今年早些时候通过相对来说较快和精心策划的行动速从回收危机中把危害缓和下来，丰田的行动包括努力请用户进土威特这样的地方，挖掘社会新闻等等。31.Consumers may create“earned”media when they are A obscssed with online shopping at certain Web sites。B inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them

21、。C eager to help their friends promote quality products。 32. According to Paragraph 2,sold media featureA a safe business environment。 C strong user traffic。D flexibility in organization。33. The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned mediaA invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers。B

22、can be used to produce negative effects in marketing。 34. Toyota Motors experience is cited as an example of A responding effectively to hijacked media。B persuading customers into boycotting products。C cooperating with supportive consumers。D taking advantage of hijacked media。35. Which of the follow

23、ing is the text mainly about ?A Alternatives to conventional paid media。B Conflict between hijacked and earned media。C Dominance of hijacked media。D Popularity of owned media。Text 4 instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as

24、 a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight。”毫无疑问，作为有煸动性的杂志封面故事，詹尼弗西尼尔的深刻见解“我爱我的孩子们，我讨厌我目前的生活状况”可以唤起人们的谈兴。

25、可是，人们不会想到，养孩子可不是一件完全令人愉悦、生活充实的事情。西尼尔不仅断定，孩子使得父母既快乐又痛苦，她还建议，我们需要重新定义幸福：幸福不应该像过去那样被定义为由一个个瞬间的快乐组合而成的东西；我们应该把幸福视为一种过去的状态。尽管抚养孩子的日子漫长难熬，令人筋疲力尽，但是西尼尔撰文认为，正是那些心绪沉重的时刻，日后却给我们带来由衷的欣喜。The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands

26、this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive and newly single mom Sandra Bullock,as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant”news.Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom,or mom-to-be,smiling on the newsstands。杂志封面上一位有魅力的母亲抱着一个可爱的婴儿，这种圣母与圣子的图画这周在报摊上可不止西尼尔这一起。例如杂志上讲

27、到最近刚收养孩子的母亲有时是刚变成单身母亲桑德拉布鲁克，以及那种很常见的“詹尼弗阿尼斯顿怀孕了”的新闻。实际上，每周都有至少一位名流母亲、或者准母亲在杂志上笑迎读者。 obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives。在一个坚持不懈地庆祝生育的社会中，承认自己后悔生育孩子就相当于承认自己支持谋杀宠物猫，这难道不值得反思吗？把父母亲的后悔与孩子的后悔相提并论，这显然并不合理。不情愿养孩子的父母很少会反思自己是否应该养育孩子，但是那不幸福的无孩子的人却为类似“孩子是

28、世上唯一最可珍惜的东西”这样的信息所烦恼。显然，他们的不幸必须通过生儿育女才能得以消除。Of course,the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic,especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock.According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childles

29、s couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their “own”(read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake。当然，在美国周刊与人这样的杂志提供的社会名流父母亲现象是不切实际

30、的。特别是当父母亲是布鲁克这样的单身母亲时更是如此。多项研究表明，有孩子的父母很少比没有孩子的夫妇更快乐，而单亲家庭是最不快乐的。这并不奇怪，因为一个人养一个孩子实在太麻烦了。然而，你看看桑德拉和布列尼说的话：自己“一个人”养孩子，其实非常简单。（她们当然觉得简单了，因为她们是在周围人全天候的帮助下养自己的孩子的。）Its hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults

31、understand that a baby is not a haircut. But its interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood arent in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “ the Rachel” might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston。当然要说很多人傻头傻脑地生育孩子，只是因为里斯和安格丽娜这种名流使这种行为看上去显得诱人，这也是不可能的多数成年人其实理解：养孩子可不是像做个发型那么简单。但是这确实是一件很有趣的事情：反思一下我们每周看的令人赏心悦目的杂志封面所说的为人父母，并不是为了在潜意识里通过这种育子经历让自己快乐，而是在潜意识中，我们有那种想成为雷切尔的心理，这