专升本15单元复习资料.docx

1、专升本15单元复习资料阅读理解译文（自主学习用书7篇）P19 Friends of Friends （BADBC）P21 Organizing Yourself（AACBC）P56 Valentines Day （BBACA）P92 American Style Friendship （ACCDB）P94 When Friendship Hurts（ABACB）P132 Cell Phone Users Tie up Traffic（CABDC）P170 The First Four Minutes（ABCBD）Friends of Friends 朋友的朋友Back in 1967, soc

2、ial psychologist Stanley Milgram had an idea.时间追溯到1967年，社会心理学家斯坦利米尔格伦有了这样一个想法。Everybody knows at least a few other people, 每个人至少都认识几个人。he reasoned, and those people know another people. 于是，他推论道，其他人也认识另外一些人。Therefore, just going through the people you know, you should be able to contact any person on

3、 earth.因此，通过你所认识的人，你就能够联系上地球上的任何人。Milgram conducted experiments by sending letters to random acquaintances, asking them to pass the letter on through their friends to an unknown person. 斯坦利米尔格伦做过一个实验，通过写信随机给他所认识的人，要求他们通过他们自己的朋友而把信件传递出去给陌生人。His experiments, confirmed later with e-mail tests, showed t

4、hat were all connected by no more than six degrees of separation.他的这个实验后来经电子邮件检测并被证实：仅仅通过“六度分离理论”所有的人都是相联系的。That is, you can reach any person in the world through a chain of six people. 也就是说，经过六层人际关系纽带你可以联系任何人。It might be comforting to know that your friends friends friends friends friend knows Bill

5、 Gates or Jennifer Lopez通过你朋友的朋友的朋友的朋友, 你可以认识比尔盖茨或詹尼佛洛佩慈这样的名人。but its not really that useful. 但事实上并不那样有用。Tracing the chain is time-consuming and inconvenient.梳理这条纽带既费时，又麻烦。But thats changing now, thanks to the development of online databases.但是由于有了网上在线数据库，现在情况变了。 While many people use their PCs to k

6、eep track of their contacts and address books， new services like Friendster and Spoke combine these address books together. 许多人用自己的家用电脑保存了自己的联系人和通信录象交友对话与通讯录相结合的新的服务。This way youre not only in touch with your own-friends, but with their friends and their friends friends.这样你不但能够和你的朋友联系，你还可以与朋友的朋友的朋友联

7、系。 Looking for someone who works in marketing at Sony Music in Tokyo？你想找东京索尼 音乐部门搞销售的某个人吗？Going to Paris for the weekend and looking for someone to have dinner with? 到巴黎度周末并找某个人共进晚餐吗？Just check the Friendster files theres sure to be a friend of a friend of a friend in there.就在交友文档中寻找，你肯定会找到你朋友的朋友的朋友

8、。So whats the catch? 找什么呢？ If you want to use Friendster or similar services, 如果你想使用“交友” 或类似的服务， you need to build a profile including your real name, where you work, your job, where you went to school and who your friends are. 你得先建立一个简单的文档，其中包括你的真实姓名，工作单位，你曾就读过的学校，你的朋友是谁。 This lack of anonymity mig

9、ht seem likely to scare users off, 这种非匿名文件可能会把一些使用者吓跑。but apparently people are hungry for contact with real people: 但是很明显，许多人都渴望与真名真姓的人联系。in less than nine months, Friendster has already signed up over four million users.在短短不到九个月的时间里，“交友”上就会有四百多万用户签名加入。(310 words)1） The experiments conducted by Sta

10、nley Milgram are intended to_. 斯坦利米尔格伦所进行的这个试验的目的在于_. A)show the lawof six degrees of separationB) test his reasoningC) reach any person in the worldD) ask his friends to pass the letter on2) The first sentence in the fifth paragraph can be replaced by“_” 第五段第一句可以用以下哪句话来替代？A) So whats the problem?B)

11、 So what gets your attention?C) So whats the discovery?D) So what can you take?3) The passage mainly discusses_. 这篇文章主要讨论的是_.A) the theory of six degrees of separationB) he results caused by Stanley Milgrams experimentsC) the way to trace a chain of six peopleD) online services like Friendster4) Acc

12、ording to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? 根据文章的叙述，下列哪个选项是正确的？A) E-mail tests by Stanley Milgram revealed that we are able to reach any person.B) Through a chain of six people, you can know Bill Gates.C) Online databases enable people to keep track of their address books.D) Th

13、e lack of anonymity drives people to contact real people.5）The passage most probably is_. 这篇文章的体裁最有可能是_.A) an official documentB) a research reportC) a news reportD) an advertisementOrganize Yourself 安排自己的时间Many new students find it hard to do all the studying that has to be done; 许多新生觉得他们很难于对付他们必须学

14、的所有的课程。they find themselves putting off required reading,他们对于必须的阅读课程束手无策。 jumping from one subject to another and rarely being quite certain what they are trying to do during a particular study session.常常一会儿从一个题目跳到另一个题目，一会儿读这里一会儿又读那里。在某个学习阶段到底读什么很少有个准。 The best way to overcome these difficulties and

15、 to start studying efficiently is to plan your time and organize your work.要克服这个难点，达到有效学习最好的办法是：计划好你的时间，安排好你要学的课程。When to study（什么时候学习）Let us assume that you have 15 hours per week of classes (lectures and tutorials)假设你每周你的上课时间15个课时。（讲座，辅导在内） and that you decide to allow yourself a 40-hour working w

16、eek (a reasonable figure, leaving you 70 waking hours for other activities). 你每周40小时学习（每周除了睡觉外你还有70小时从事其他的活动，所以这个数字是合理的）。You now have to decide how to allocate and occupy the remaining 25 hours of private study time.现在你搞定如何分配和利用你剩下的25小时的自学的时间。 Naturally the decisions you make will vary from week to

17、week according to what essays have to be written and what reading has to be done. 自然的，根据要写某篇论文、要读某些东西，这个安排，每周会有不同。Many people find it helpful to draw up each week a seven-day timetable showing the occasions on which they will be working independently and the particular subjects that they will be stu

18、dying on each occasion.列出一个每周的时间表并表示出本周内要独立做的事情，每周将学的某些学科的每个时间段，许多人感到这是非常有用的。 By checking such a plan at times during the week, you can see what work you have done and what you still have to do; the whole enterprise then becomes manageable. 在一周里随时对照时间表，你会发现你已经做了什么，你仍然得做什么；这样整个进程就可以掌控了。Where to study

19、 在什么地方学习There are a number of places where you can study college library, public library, lodgings, home, vacant classrooms, on a bus or train and each has several obvious advantages and disadvantages.有许多可供学习的地方 学校的图书馆，公共图书馆，宿舍，家里，空教室，公共汽车，火车上，- 当然，每个地方都有明显的优势和劣势。The college library is least busy in

20、 the evenings, on Wednesday afternoons, and all day Friday and Sunday.学校图书馆在晚上，星期三下午，星期五和星期天全天最安静When you are deciding where to study, keep the following suggestions in mind: 你在选定学习地点时，请记住下面的建议：* Always try to study in the same places. After a while the familiar surroundings will help you to switch

21、into the right frame of mind as soon as you sit down.尽量坚持在同一个地方学习，因为很快你所熟悉环境有利于你一坐下就能进入良好的心态。* Find somewhere with as few distractions as possible. 要找一个尽量不会使你分心的地方。* Make sure that your study place has good light and is warm (but not too warm）and well-ventilated.务必要有一光线好，暖和（但不要太暖和）且通风的地方。(341 words)

22、1） We know from the first paragraph that_.我们可以从第一自然段中得知_.A) it is often really difficult for new students to study efficiently.B) new students are willing to plan their time and organize their work.C) new students are sure how to arrange their time.D) new students are allowed to put off one required

23、 subject.2) New students might have_ . 新生将会有_.A) 15 hours per week of classes. B) 25 hours of working time.C) 70 hours for entertainment.D) 40 hours per week of classes.2） Why does the author say the whole enterprise becomes more manageable”？为什么作者说“这样整个进程就可以掌控了”？A) Because new students have enough t

24、ime to arrange their activities.B) Because fewer courses are required for new students.C) Because new students know what they need to do if they draw up a seven-day timetable each week.D) Because new students have done all the assignments required by the school.4) Which time is least suitable for st

25、udents studying in the college library? 以下哪个时间段最不适宜在大学图书馆学习？_ .A) Tuesday evenings.B) Monday mornings.C) Sunday evenings.D) Wednesday afternoons.5) Concerning where to study, which of the following is NOT mentioned? 根据上文中提到的“在什么地方学习”，下列哪一个建议是作者没有提到的？A) A place that is warm.B) A place students are fa

26、miliar with.C) A place with background music.D) A well-lighted place.Valentines Day情人节February 14th is a complicated but interesting holiday. 二月十四日是个复杂而又有趣的日子。First of all, Valentines Day is not a holiday from work . 首先，情人节是一个不放假的节日。 No one gets a day off. 在这天谁也不休假。On Valentines Day people usually s

27、end romantic cards to someone they love or want to be loved by.在情人节，人们通常都要向他们所爱的某个人，或向要从其得到爱的某个人送上非常浪漫的贺卡。 The cards are called valentines.这贺卡被称为“情人节贺卡” They are very colorful, often decorated with hearts, flowers or birds, and have humorous or loving words printed inside. 情人节贺卡非常漂亮，四边常常都饰有心形、花，以及小鸟

28、图案，里面印有幽默、温馨示爱的话语。The basic message is always Be My Valentine, Be My Sweet Heart or Lover.这些话语基本上是“做我的情人”“我的甜心” “爱人”等。 A valentine may be anonymous (匿名的) and is sometimes signed, Guess who.送卡人可能是匿名的。有时署名是“猜猜我是谁” The person receiving it has to guess who sent it.收到贺卡的人就会去猜“这是谁送的呀？” This can lead to in

29、teresting speculation (揣测). 这样就会引起很多有趣的猜测。And thats half the fun of valentines.情人节有一半的趣味就在于此。The loving message might be carried by a heart-shaped box of chocolate candies, 情人节贺卡也许会装在有巧克力糖的心形盒子里。or by a bunch of flowers tied with red ribbon.或者放在一束花里，这花得用红色的缎带捆着。But in whatever form, the message is t

30、he same Will you be my valentine? 而无论用哪种方式。它们所表达的信息只有一个“愿做我的情人吗？”One of the symbols of St. Valentines Day is the Roman god of Love; called Cupid.情人节的象征之一是罗马爱神丘比特。 Cupid is often pictured on the card, as a winged infant not wearing any clothes, ready to shoot his arrow into a heart.丘比特常常被画在情人节贺卡上。 在贺

31、卡上他被画成一个裸体的小婴儿，长有一对翅膀。He would shoot an arrow of love into a persons heart to make the person fall in love immediately, 时时把爱情之箭射向一个人的心上使他、她即刻坠入爱河 maybe with the first person to come along. 若是俩人来，兴许射中的是第一个。Sometimes one arrow would go through two hearts, holding them together.有时一箭射穿两颗心，这样就成全这俩为一对。 On February 14th not only do we have pictures of the non-Christian Cupid, the Roman god of Love but we also have pictures of the Christian St. Valentine. 在二月十四日这天，我们不仅要有非基督的丘比特罗马爱神的画，我们还要有圣瓦仑丁的画。It is from the Christians that we get the stories about Valentines Day that most peopl