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考研英语阅读unit2.docx

1、考研英语阅读unit2Unit 2Custom makes all things easy.有个好习惯,事事皆不难。学习内容题 材词 数建议时间得分统计做题备忘Part AText 1科普知识394/10Text 2商业经济396/10Text 3社会生活439/10Text 4科普知识401/10Part B生态环境612/10Part C文化教育473/10Part ADirections:Read the following texts. Answer the questions blow each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Text 1In 1967, i

2、n response to widespread public concern aroused by medical reports of asbestos-related deaths, the National Medical Research Council organized committee of inquiry to investigate the health threats associated with the use of asbestos in the building industry.After examining evidence provided by medi

3、cal researchers and building workers and management, the Council published a report which included advice for dealing with asbestos. The report confirmed the findings of similar research in the United States and Canada. Exposure to relatively small quantities of asbestos fibers, they concluded, was

4、directly responsible for the development of cancers, asbestosis and related diseases. Taking into account evidence provided by economists and building industry management, however, the report assumed that despite the availability of other materials, asbestos would continue to play a major role in th

5、e British building industry for many years to come because of its availability and low cost.As a result, the council gave a series of recommendations which were intended to reduce the risks to those who might be exposed to asbestos in working environments. They recommended that, where possible, asbe

6、stos free materials should be employed. In cases where asbestos was employed, it was recommended that it should be used in such a way that loose fibers were less likely to enter the air.The report recommended that special care should be taken during work in environments which contain asbestos. Worke

7、rs should wear protective equipment and take special care to remove dust from the environment and clothing with the use of vacuum cleaner.The report identified five factors which determine the level of risk involved. The state and type of asbestos is critical to determining the risk factors. In addi

8、tion, dust formation was found to be limited where asbestos was used when wet rather than dry.The choice of tools was also found to affect the quantities of asbestos particles that enter the air. Machine tools produce greater quantities of dust than hand tools and, where possible, the use of the lat

9、ter was recommended.A critical factor takes place in risk reduction in the adequate ventilation of the working environment. When work takes place in an enclosed space, more asbestos particles circulate and it was therefore recommended that natural or machine ventilation should be used. By closely fo

10、llowing these words of advice, it was claimed that exposure can be reduced to a reasonably practical minimum.1. Exposure to asbestos fibers can cause cancerA only when asbestos is used in building industry.B only when it is used in large quantities.C even if it is used in small quantities.D if it is

11、 used when wet rather than dry.2. Exposure to asbestos fibers is harmful to peoples healthA so the use of asbestos is limited.B but asbestos will continue to be used for a long time.C so other new kinds of materials are under development.D but they will not be so when ventilation devices are used.3.

12、 Evidence from the economists and the building industries shows thatA exposure to asbestos fibers is cancer-causing.B asbestos is in extensive use in building industry.C use of asbestos is being reduced gradually.D exposure to asbestos fibers can be reduced significantly.4. According to the text, wh

13、ich of the following is true?A Choice of tools can not affect the quantities of asbestos particles that enter the air. B State and type of asbestos is meaningless to determining the risk factors.C Quantity of asbestos has no relation to the risk factors. D Ventilation plays an important role in redu

14、cing the harm brought by asbestos.5. It can be inferred from the text that the real danger comes fromA the asbestos dust that people take in.B the contact of the workers skin with asbestos particles.C the inferior quality of the asbestos itself.D the excessive use of man-made asbestos material. Text

15、 2Its a brand new world a world built around brands. Hard charging, noise making, culture shaping brands are everywhere. Theyre on supermarket shelves, of course, but also in business plans for dotcom startups and in the names of sports complexes. Brands are infiltrating(渗透)peoples everyday lives by

16、 sticking their logos on clothes, in concert programs, on subway station walls, even in elementary school classrooms.We live in an age in which CBS newscasters wear Nike jackets on the air, in which Burger King and McDonalds open kiosks in elementary-school lunchrooms, in which schools like Stanford

17、 University are endowed with a Yahoo! Founders Chair. But as brands reach (and then overreach) into every aspect of our lives, the companies behind them invite more questions, deeper scrutiny and an inevitable backlash by consumers.“Our intellectual lives and our public spaces are being taken over b

18、y marketing and that has real implications for citizenship,” says author and activist Naomi Klein. “Its important for any healthy culture to have public space a place where people are treated as citizens instead of as consumers. Weve completely lost that space.”Since the mid-1980s, as more and more

19、companies have shifted from being about products to being about ideas Starbucks isnt selling coffee; its selling community! those companies have poured more and more resources into marketing campaigns.To pay for those campaigns, those same companies figured out ways to cut costs else where for examp

20、le, by using contract labor at home and low-wage labor in developing countries. Contract laborers are hired on a temporary, per-assignment basis, and employers have no obligation to provide any benefits (such as health insurance) or long-term job security. This saves companies money but obviously pu

21、ts workers in vulnerable situations. In the United States, contract labor has given rise to so-called McJobs, which employers and workers alike pretend are temporary even though these jobs are usually held by adults who are trying to support families.The massive expansion of marketing campaigns in t

22、he 1980s coincided with the reduction of government spending for schools and for museums. This made those institutions much too willing, even eager, to partner with private companies. But companies took advantage of the needs of those institutions, reaching too far, and overwhelming the civic space

23、with their marketing agendas.6. The text intends to tell usA the problems with current corporate practices.B the nature of current marketing campaigns and strategies.C the importance of brands in American culture.D the excessive presence of brands and marketing in peoples lives.7. Which of the follo

24、wing does the author state as a factor in the increasing presence of brands in peoples lives?A The aggressive nature of corporate marketing.B The willingness of schools and museums to cooperate with private companies.C The lack of government regulations of marketing methods.D The marketing campaigns

25、 take up public spaces.8. Naomi Kleins attitude towards the infiltration of brands into public spaces is one of A concern. B ambivalence. C outrage. D acceptance.9. The text suggests that most contract laborers in the U.S.A pretend to be temporary workers.B may have trouble supporting their families

26、 financially.C have work conditions comparable to those of low-wage workers overseas.D are likely to receive health benefits from their employers.10. We may infer from the last paragraph that A inadequate federal funding facilitated the privatization of schools and museums.B government reduced spend

27、ing for schools and museums for their cooperation with companies.C public institutions were too quick to accept corporate marketing as a source of funding. D by the 1980s, very few public institutions were not being funded by corporations.Text 3The Manchruian Candidate, Frank Sinatra, unable to fath

28、om the depth and extent of the evil that had been done to the mind of a man programmed to become a killer cries, “Hell, hell!” People may say the same thing after last weeks school shooting of a six-year-old girl by a six-year-old boy. On Tuesday the boy brought a pistol to an elementary school in M

29、ount Morris Township, near Flint, Mich., and shot a classmate, Kavla Rolland, to death. He is too young to be charged with anything, but the county prosecutor has charged the man who left the loaded gun lying around with involuntary manslaughter, contributing to the delinquency of a minor and gross

30、neglect each of which has a wider application. The story may be too unusual for the drawing of larger lessons, but one reason it is so troubling is that it touches the worst of Americas social ills, including the shaping of a boy who became a loaded gun himself.Who killed Kayla Rolland? A six-year-o

31、ld classmate did it. On Tuesday morning, he went to the Theo J. Buell Elementary School carrying both a concealed Davis 32 semiautomatic handgun, advertised as “the original pocket pistol”, and a knife. Another kid reported the knife to a teacher and it was taken away. The boy held on to the gun sho

32、rtly before 10 a.m. Chris Boaz, a seven-year-old boy, witnessed the following scene. The children were changing classrooms, from a small reading group to a computer training class. This is contrary to the police report that the crime occurred inside a classroom. The kids were on the first level heading to the second when the boy p

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