人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习.docx

1、人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.Section A1. You should help to clean up the city parks.Clean up意为“彻底打扫；清除”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语动词，后面跟名词作宾格时，名词放在up前后均可，后面跟代词作宾格时，代词应当放在up前面。e.g. He often helps parents clean up the rooms on weekends.2. The girl could visit the sick kids in the h

2、ospital to cheer them up.Cheer up意为“变得更高兴，振奋起来”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语，cheer up既可以作及物动词短语，也可以作不及物动词短语e.g. He cheered up at once when I agreed to help him. Cheer up! The news isnt too bad. He took her to the cinema to cheer her up.【拓展】1）cheer作不及物动词，意为“欢呼；喝彩”e.g. The girls cheered as the famous singer arrived.

3、2) cheer作及物动词，意为“为欢呼，高呼”e.g. The whole village turned out to cheer the hero3) cheer 作可数名词，意为“欢呼声，喝彩声”e.g. We can hear the cheers of students outside the gym.4) cheer on 意为“为加油”e.g. We will have a basketball game this afternoon. Would you like to come and cheer us on？【现学现练】He failed in the math test

4、and looks sad. Lets _A. put him up B. set him up C. cheer him up D. clean him up3. The boy could give out food at the food bank.Give out 意为“散发，分发”，相当于“hand out”， 是“动词+副词”的短语动词e.g. Can you give out the drinks out, please?【拓展】Give out 的不同含义：1）give out 表示“发出（光、热、声音、气味等）e.g. The sun gives out light and

5、heat to the earth.2) give out表示“用完，耗尽”e.g. Our food supplies began to give out.4. The girl could volunteer in an after-school study program to teach kids.Volunteer动词，意为“志愿做，义务做”，后可跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语e.g. Jenny volunteered to clean up the room after party.【拓展】Volunteer作可数名词，意为“志愿者”e.g. Can I have a volun

6、teer to collect the glasses?5. We cant put off making a planPut off意为“推迟”，是“动词+副词”的短语动词，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语e.g. They put off the match because of the heavy rain. Please dont put off doing your homework. Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.【拓展】由put构成的常见短语有：Put away 将收起来 put on 穿上；上演 put do

7、wn 放下；记下Put out 熄灭；伸出 put back 放回原处 put up 张贴；搭建6. Lets make some notices, tooNotice此处作可数名词，意为“公告牌；通告；布告”e.g. There is a notice on the wall, saying “No Parking” Ill put up a notice about the meeting.【拓展】1）notice作不可数名词，意为“注意”e.g. Take notice of what they say.2) notice 作动词，意为“注意到，留心，看到”e.g. Did you no

8、tice Jack come in ?7. They told me stories about the past and how things used to beUsed to 意为“过去， 曾经”，后跟动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事”，指表示过去和现在的对比，暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态e.g. He used to work in the hospital. He didnt use to walk after supper.【拓展】1) be used to do sth. 意为“被用于做某事”，不定式表目的e.g. The book is used to teach us how

9、 to write.2) be used for + n./ v.ing 表示“被用于”e.g. A stamp is used for sending letters.3) get/be used to doing sth.e.g. He is used to eating out all the time.8. Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely.Lonely是形容词，充当表语，指“孤独的”，用于人时，表示一种心理状态，突出内心孤独寂寞的感觉，侧重缺少同伴友谊而感到孤独、寂寞。含忧郁之意。e.g. He felt very lonely without

10、 his friends.9. give up several hours each week to help others.Several作形容词，意为“几个，数个”，修饰可数名词复数e.g. Several days later, Grandma came to the library to borrow some books.【拓展】Several作代词，意为“几个，数个”e.g. Excuse me, have you got any books about sports? - Yes, weve got several. Several of us went there.10. I

11、get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animal get better and the look of joy on their owners faces.1) Feeling在此用作可数名词，意为“感觉；感触”e.g. Ive got a bad feeling. It was a great feeling when a wild animal shows you affection.Feel还可用作连系动词，意为“觉得，感觉到”e.g. I felt very tired after running.2) sa

12、tisfaction 为不可数名词，意为“满意，满足”，其反义词是dissatisfaction.e.g. She smiled in satisfaction.【拓展】Satisfaction（名词，满意）- satisfy （动词，使满意）- satisfied （形容词，满意的）1) be satisfied to do sth. 意为“对做某事感到满意”e.g. He was satisfied to win the match.2) be satisfied with意为“对感到满意”e.g. She was not satisfied with the result.3) joy在

13、此用作不可数名词，意为“高兴；愉快”e.g. Life is always full of joy. He jumped up with joy.4) owner可数名词，意为“物主，主人”e.g. He is the owner of the car.【拓展】1) own 形容词，意为“自己的”，一般用于形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后以加强语气。e.g. I saw it with my own eyes.2) own 及物动词，意为“有；拥有”，相当于have.e.g. He owns a big house.3) of ones own. 意为“属于某人自己的”e.g. At last

14、 Ive got a big house of my own.11. The kids are sitting in the library, but you can see in their eyes that theyre going on a different journey with each new book.Journey意为“旅行；行程”，可数名词，一般指长途旅行e.g. Life is a long journey from birth to death. 12. Our class is trying to come up with some ideas to cheer

15、up sick children because they are often sad.Sick形容词，意为“生病的；有病的”，其反义词为well.e.g. His sister was sick with a cold.Sick作形容词时，还可表示“（想）呕吐的，恶心的”e.g. I always feel sick when I travel by ship. The smell makes him sick.【拓展】Sick与ill的辨析：Sick指“生病”时主要用于英式英语，可作定语也可作表语，表示“恶心；呕吐”时只用作表语e.g. He is a sick man. He began to feel sick as soon as the ship started to move.Ill指“生病”时，主要用于美式英语，只用作表语，一般不作定语e.g. He is ill and stays in bed.13. For example, we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for ho