专题11 完形填空之生活哲理类解析版.docx

1、专题11 完形填空之生活哲理类解析版专题11 完形填空之生活哲理类【要点提炼】考点扫描一、题型概述完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它既考查词语搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构和习惯用法等，又考查学生逻辑推理能力。二、考查内容功能词，如连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词等。具有语法变化的普通词，如动词的时态、语态，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的级等。固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。同义词、近义词等易混淆词。根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。三、能力考查考查同学们阅读理解能力。考查同学们语法知识。考查同学们综合运用英语知识的水平和实践能力。四、考点主要

2、包含语境推断、词汇复现、逻辑推理、固定搭配、生活常识和语法知识六种命题角度，其中以语境推断为主。解题技巧在做生活哲理类完形填空时需从以下几个方面着手。1、吃透首节对哲理的介绍为了亮出观点，表明写作目的，体现文章的主旨大意和主题思想，哲理性记叙文多在文首提供哲理。另外，首节还有可能介绍生活哲理给作者所带来的好处及作者悟出哲理的途径。利用这些特点，可以巧妙推断文章开头部分的空缺信息。2、分析哲理的悟出过程哲理通常是作者有感而发的生活体验，是从生活中获取的人生教益。因此，在首节结束之后，作者会详细介绍悟出哲理的过程，也就是自己从生活中获取教益的心路历程。用心分析这个过程，弄清其应在什么样的情况下才能

3、被人们悟出，或者主人公会有什么样的心路历程,是一个关键的步骤。哲理性记叙文往往在文章末尾重提哲理，以便作者再次抒发内心情感，表达哲理重要意义，并暗示读者在今后的人生中应该接受哲理的引导用性理规范自己的言行。做好该类完形填空要注意：研究首尾找主题，下联系寻信息，左顾右盼找搭配，思前想后觅逻辑，语境分析辨词义，集中精力破难题。【专题真题训练】（一）【四川省乐山市】A group of boys gathered around a tree. What a tall tree! they said to each other. It would be _42_to climb to the top!

4、The group of boys then decided to play a game to see who could climb to the top of the tree_43_. Their mothers were sitting not far away, looking on at their children as they _44_.One of the climbers was an 8-year-old boy named David. He was the shortest child in the group. Nobody thought he would_4

5、5_ the competition.Then the game started. All of the boys tried their best to climb as_46_ as they could. Although they all made it halfway up the tree before David did, he reached the top of the tree fastest_47_.His mother was proud to see this. She asked him, David, how did you _48_to reach the to

6、p of the tree so quickly?It was easy, David said. The other children kept looking down as they climbed. When they realized how high they were, they got scared(恐惧的) and were afraid of _49_down. I, however, looked only _50_. When I saw how close I was, I kept going higher and higher until I reached th

7、e top.It is true in life that if we just keep going forward without looking back, we are more likely to reach our goals(目标).42. A. useful B. possible C. crazy D. exciting43. A. last B. finally C. first D. really44. A. studied B. played C. jumped D. discussed45. A. win B. enter C. like D. hold46. A.

8、well B. safely C. carefully D. high47. A. as well B. in the end C. as usual D. in time48. A. manage B. hope C. imagine D. agree49. A. looking B. climbing C. falling D. going50. A. down B. over C. out D. up文章大意本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述一个八岁的小男孩爬树比赛得了第一名，人们问他是如何做到的，他说当其他的孩子爬树时，他们往下看，当他们离地面很高时，他们会很恐惧，但是他往上看，他看到的是还有

9、多近就到达顶端。通过这个故事告诉我们，在生活中，我们如果往前看而不是往后看就更容易达到目标。42. D【解析】句意爬上顶端是让人振奋的。本题考查形容词辨析。A.有用的；B.可能的；C.疯狂的；D.令人振奋的。根据What a tall tree! they said to each other可知，爬到树的顶端是让人振奋的，故选D。43. C【解析】句意然后这组小男孩决定玩一个游戏，看看谁能第一个到达树的顶端。A.最后；B.最后；C.第一，首先；D.真地。根据he reached the top of the tree fastest_6_.可知，他最快到达树的顶端，所以表示第一个到达顶端，故

10、选C。44. B【解析】句意当他们玩游戏时，他们的妈妈坐在不远的地方看他们的小孩。本题考查动词辨析。A.学习；B.玩；C.跳；D.讨论。根据The group of boys then decided to play a game to see who could climb to the top of the tree_2_可知，他们在玩一个游戏，所以他们的妈妈在看他们玩游戏，故选B。45. A【解析】句意没有人会认为他能赢得这个比赛。本题考查动词辨析。A.赢；B.进入；C.喜欢；D.坚持。根据Although they all made it halfway up the tree bef

11、ore David did, he reached the top of the tree fastest_6_可知，大卫赢得了这个比赛，故选A。46. D【解析】句意所有的男孩都尽了最大的努力爬得尽可能高。本题考查副词辨析。A.好地；B.安全地；C.细心地；D.高地。根据The group of boys then decided to play a game to see who could climb to the top of the tree_2_可知，表示爬的更高，故选D。47. B【解析】句意虽然他们都比大卫先爬到半山腰，但他最后还是以最快的速度爬到了树顶。A.也；B.最后；C.

12、通常；D.及时。根据David, how did you _7_to reach the top of the tree so quickly可知，最后大卫以最快的速度爬到了树顶，故选B。48. A【解析】句意大卫，你是如何这么快地达到了山顶？。本题考查动词辨析。A.设法做成某事，manage to do成功做成某事；B.希望做某事；C.想象；D.同意。根据Although they all made it halfway up the tree before David did, he reached the top of the tree fastest_6_可知，最后他成功地第一个登上树

13、顶，成功做成某事，故选A。49. C【解析】句意当他们意识到他们如此高的时候，他们很恐惧并害怕掉下。本题考查动词辨析。A.看；B.爬；C.掉下；D.去。根据句意可知，他们爬得很高的时候害怕掉下来，故选C。50. D【解析】句意然而我仅仅向上看。A.向下；B.超过；C.出去；D.向上。根据When I saw how close I was, I kept going higher and higher until I reached the top.可知，他向上看，看到的是离终点是多么地近，故选D。（二）【 四川省南充市】It was more than 80 years ago, when

14、an army quietly passed across the Yudu River in Ganzhou, Jiangxi. They were the Chinese Central Red Army. They decided to start a _11_ and hard march. It was _12_ known as the Long March. This year is the 83th year of the victory of the famous march. Lets learn something about it.During the Long Mar

15、ch, the Chinese Central Red Army passed many places. They _13_from Jiangxi, passed through several provinces and finally arrived in Shaanxi. It is said that they _14_ about 25,000 li (about 12,500 kilometers) during the Long March.At school, you may have learned in books that soldiers _15_ many diff

16、iculties. They lived a _16_ life and fought against the enemies. They crossed Chishuihe for four times, _17_ many kinds of difficulties. In Sichuan, soldiers spent a hard time creeping（匍匐）across Luding Chain Bridge, which was _18_ 13 iron chains（铁链）, in the middle of gun fire. They also climbed _19_

17、 the snowy Jiajin Mountain, which was 4,930 meters high. They didnt have enough food to eat, so they often went _20_ for days. And they didnt have enough _21_ to stay away from the cold. Many soldiers _22_. About 86,000 people took part in the march, _23_ only about 7,000 were left when they arrived

18、 in Shaanxi.Today, we can visit the places that they once passed through. This way, we may truly understand the _24_ of the Long March：Never be _25_ of difficulties and never give up hope.11. A. short B. long C. slow D. quick12. A. finally B. gradually C. famously D. probably13. A. returned B. studi

19、ed C. hid D. started14. A. drove B. flew C. walked D. rode15. A. looked through B. went through C. thought of D. heard of16. A. hard B. normal C. boring D. successful17. A. remaining B. making C. avoiding D. facing18. A. made up of B. made into C. made by D. made for19. A. through B. over C. into D.

20、 on20. A. hungry B. thirsty C. lonely D. angry21. A. energy B. money C. matches D. clothes22. A. escaped B. died C. cried D. feared23. A. though B. because C. so D. but24. A. influence B. meaning C. spirit D. result25. A. afraid B. shy C. tired D. proud【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述了众所周知的中国25000里长征，通过红军这种不畏艰险的精神，真正

21、理解的长征的精神：不怕困难，永不放弃希望。11. B【解析】句意：他们决定开始一个漫长而艰苦的征程。这就是众所周知的长征。A. short短的；B. long长的；C. slow慢的；D. quick快速的。根据下文It was _2_ known as the Long March.可知上文是说开始一个漫长而艰苦的长征。根据题意，故选B。12. C【解析】句意：他们决定开始一个漫长而艰苦的征程。这就是众所周知的长征。A. finally最后；B. gradually逐渐；C. famously著名地；D. probably可能地。根据上文They decided to start a _1_

22、 and hard march.可知这里是说著名的，众所周知的。这里用famously修饰known，根据题意，故选C。13. D【解析】句意：他们从江西出发，经过几个省，最后到达陕西。A. returned归还；B. studied学习；C. hid掩藏；D. started开始。根据下文passed through several provinces and finally arrived in Shaanxi.可知上文是说从开始，根据题意，故选D。14. C【解析】句意：据说他们在长征中走了大约25000里。A. drove开车；B. flew飞；C. walked走；D. rode骑。

23、根据during the Long March.可知这里是步行的。根据题意，故选C。15. B【解析】句意：在学校里，你可能从书中了解到士兵们经历了许多困难。A. looked through浏览；B. went through经历；C. thought of想，认为；D. heard of听说。根据文中At school, you may have learned in books 及many difficulties可知这里是说经历许多困难。根据题意，故选B。16. A【解析】句意：他们过着艰苦的生活，与敌人作战。A. hard难的；B. normal通常的；C. boring无聊的；D.

24、 successful成功的。根据下文They crossed Chishuihe for four times, _7_ many kinds of difficulties.可知上文是说他们过着艰苦的生活。根据题意，故选A。17. D【解析】句意：他们经过赤水河四次，面对过许多困难。A. remaining保持；B. making使，制作；C. avoiding避免；D. facing面对。根据下文many kinds of difficulties.可知这里是面对许多的困难。根据题意，故选D。18. A【解析】句意：在四川，士兵们在炮火中艰难地爬过由13条铁链组成的泸定铁桥。A. mad

25、e up of由构成；B. made into制成；C. made by被制作；D. made for为制作。根据文中13 iron chains（铁链）可知这里是说由构成。根据题意，故选A。19. B【解析】句意：他们还爬过了海拔4930米的雪山夹金山。A. through通过；B. over在上面；C. into到里面；D. on在上。根据文中the snowy Jianjin Mountain, which was 4,930 meters high.可知，他们爬过了雪山。根据题意，故选B。20. A【解析】句意：他们没有足够的食物吃，所以他们常常饿了好几天。A. hungry饥饿的；B

26、. thirsty口渴的；C. lonely孤独的；D. angry生气的。根据上文They didnt have enough food to eat,可知下文是他们饿好几天。go hungry饥饿的。根据句意，故选A。21. D【解析】句意：他们没有足够的衣服来御寒。A. energy 精力；活力； B. money金钱；C. matches比赛；D. clothes衣服。根据下文to stay away from the cold.可知这里是没有足够的衣服抵挡寒冷。根据题意，故选D。22. B【解析】句意：许多士兵牺牲了。A. escaped逃跑；B. died死；C. cried哭；D

27、. feared害怕。根据上文And they didnt have enough _11_ to stay away from the cold.可知下文是说许多士兵牺牲了。根据题意，故选B。23. D【解析】句意：这次长征约有8.6万人参加，但到陕西时只剩下约7000人。A. though尽管虽然；B. because因为；C. so因此；D. but但。About 86,000 people took part in the march及下文nly about 7,000 were left when they arrived in Shaanxi.可知这里是表示转折关系。根据题意，故选

28、D。24. C【解析】句意：这样，我们才能真正理解长征的精神：不怕困难，永不放弃希望。A. influence影响；B. meaning意义；C. spirit 精神；D. result结果。根据上文This way, we may truly understand及Never be _15_ of difficulties and never give up hope.可知这里是理解长征的精神。根据题意，故选C。25. A【解析】句意：这样，我们才能真正理解长征的精神：不怕困难，永不放弃希望。A. afraid害怕的；B. shy害羞的；C. tired累人的；D. proud骄傲的。根据下

29、文and never give up hope可知上文是不怕困难。短语be afraid of表示害怕。根据题意，故选A。【点评】完形填空题是一种综合性比较强的测试题，它把单项填空和阅读理解等题型融为一体，它不仅考查学生对词汇、词组、语法、句型和常识逻辑等语言基础知识的掌握情况和正确使用语法知识的能力，而且也考查学生的理解能力、推理能力、以及情景语感等方面综合理解和运用语言的能力。（三）【山西省中考】Grass is, of course a plant which grows in the field; a plant which some kinds of animals like to

30、eat. When there has been plenty of _16_, the grass is green. When the weather has been dry, the grass is brown. Animals like to eat grass when it is_17_and fresh. And if the grass in one place is greener than the rest, animals_18_to eat that grass. An animal in a field may look over the fence(篱笆) in

31、to the next field, where perhaps there are no animals and grass in the field_19_greener. But if the animal could get into the field, it would find that the grass is really the same. It just seems better from a distance(远处). So thats the_20_of the expression The grass is greener on the other side of the fence.We sometimes only say The grass is_21_greener on the other side. We use the expression to describe the situation someone looks at distant things and feels they are better than the things around him. But_22_he could go to the distan