八年级英语比较级和最高级复习.docx

1、八年级英语比较级和最高级复习八年级英语比较级和最高级复习新目标初二英语第三册比较级最高级变化辅导教案thinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottestbigbiggerbiggestnewnewernewesthighhigherhighestcoldcoldercoldesttalltallertallestdarkdarkerdarkesttalltallertallestusefulmoreusefulmostusefulbrightbrighterbrightestbravebraverbravestinterestedmoreinterestedmostinter

2、estedfrighteningmorefrighteningmostfrighteningdoubtfulmoredoubtfulmostdoubtfulobscuremoreobscuremostobscureclevercleverercleverestprettyprettierprettiest（注意y变成i）sillysilliersilliestbadworseworstfarfartherfarthest（只指距离）furtherfurthest（用处较广；参见F，G）goodbetterbestlittlelessleastmanymuchmoremostoldelderel

3、dest（仅指人）olderoldest（指人和物）fartherfarthest和furtherfurthest以上含盖了所以的变形形式构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词talltallertallest未尾加-er,-estgreatgreatergreatest以不发音的e结尾nicenicernicest的单音词和少数largelargerlargest以-le结尾的双able（有能力的)ablerablest音节词只加-r,-st以一个辅音字母bigbiggerbiggest结尾的闭音节单hot热的)hotterhottest音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est以辅音字母

4、+yeasyeasiereasiest结尾的双音节词，busybusierbusiest改y为i，再加-er，-est少数以-er，-owclevercleverercleverest结尾的双音节词narrownarrowernarrowest未尾加-er，-est其他双音节词和important多音节词，在前moreimportant面加more，mostmostimportant来构成比较级和easily最高级。moreeasilymosteasily2)不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/betterbestwellbad/worseworstilloldolder/elderoldes

5、t/eldestmuch/manymoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest形容词的比较级和最高级：形容词有三种等级：原级、比较级、最高级。3原级：句中只有一者时用原级，其标志词是very,so,too,quite等。e.g.Hishandwritingisverygood.他的书法很好。（一个人不作比较。）太阳、月亮和地球那个大？形容词比较级和最高级的构成：.一般在原级后加er构成比较级，加est构成最高级。e.g.smallsmallersmallestyoungyoungeryoungest2.以不发音的字母e结尾

6、的形容词，直接加r或st构成比较级和最高级。e.g.nicenicernicestlatelaterlatest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i，再加er或est,构成比较级和最高级。e.g.busybusierbusiestheavyheavierheaviest4.在重读闭音节中，末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词，要先双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，构成比较级和最高级。e.g.hothotterhottestbigbiggerbiggest5.个别形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则变化，需个别记忆。e.g.goodbetterbestbadworseworstmanymoremostl

7、ittlelessleastfarfatherfarthest或furtherfurthest副词的比较级和最高级：.以ly结尾的副词，除early变为earlier和earliest外，其余一律在其前加more和most。如：carefullymorecarefullymostcarefully2.规则变化直接加er和est。如：fastfasterfastest3.个别词是不规则变化，需要特别记忆。如：wellbetterbestfarfartherfastestbadlyworseworst4.句子中，副词最高级前的the可省略也可以不省略，但形容词最高级前面的the绝对不能去掉。e.g

8、.whorunsfastest,Tom,jimormike?形容词变副词的规则：.一般情况下直接加“ly”，如quick-quickly2.以“y”结尾的,先将“y”改成“i”,再加“ly”，如happy-happily少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。例如：true-truly等。但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如：polite-politely,wide-widely等。形容词变副词通常是加ly,其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀：一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。分别举例如下：quickquickly,truetruly,happyhap

9、pily,possiblepossibly.另外：一、在形容词词尾直接加-ly。如:real-really;helpful-helpfully;careful-carefully;hopeful-hopefully;slow-slowly;quick-quickly;quiet-quietly二、以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily;angry-angrily;easy-easily三、某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。如:terrible-terribly;true-truly;gentle-

10、gently另外,副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得来,如:loud-aloud此外,部分名词加后缀也可变成副词,如:part-partly。例句:Itispartlyherfault.有部分是她的错。需注意:friendly;motherly;lovely等词是形容词而非副词。再看转化副词。在英语中,有些词既可以作形容词,又可以作副词,如early,much,fast,little,wide,loud等。由于这类词词性虽不同,但词形却一样,这就需要大家学会在特定语境中判断它们各自的词性。例句:Thankyouverymuch.多谢。Thereismuchwaterintheriver.河里有很多

11、水。Themusicistooloud.Pleaseturnitdown.音乐声太大,请调低点。Hespeaksloudenough.Soeveryoneintheroomcanhearwhathesaid.他说话的声音很大,所以房间里每个人都能听到他的话。另外,还有一类副词和形容词词义相同,但拼写却不同,如well和good。例句HespeaksgoodEnglish.他讲一口流利的英语。HespeaksEnglishwell.他英语讲得不错。多音节y结尾的词将y改为i后加lyeasy-easilyhappy-happilyheavy-heavily单音节y结尾的词直接加lygay-gayl

12、ysly-slyly以ve结尾的词去e加lytrue-truly以le结尾的词去e加ygentle-gentlypossible-possibly其他以e结尾的词一律加lynice-nicelywise-wiselypolite-politely以ll结尾的词只加yfull-fully以ic结尾的词加allyautomatic-automaticallyenergetic-energetically其他形容词均加lycareful-carefullyglad-gladly形容词的比较级专项一、变化规则；、规则变化：（1）单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加er或est：bright_;以不发音的

13、e字母结尾的加r,或st：large;以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为I加er或est:easy；以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加er或est:big以er，ow结尾的双音节词加er或est:cleverslow（2）多音节词前加more或most,副词最高级前省略the.部分形容词本身表示最高级，因此他们没有比较级和最高级形式：favouriteround2、不规则变化：good,well;bad,badly,ill;much,many;little;far;old;注：只有少数形容词和副词有两种比较级和最高级形式：cleveroldfar二、形容词各等级的用法：、原级（同

14、级）比较：asas;notasaswellgiveyouasmuchhelpaswecan.Sheisntasactiveinsportsasbefore.2.比较级：表示两者之间比更可用状语much,alittle,even等修饰：HemadefewermistakesthanIdid.HeisevenricherthanI.3、高级：形容词最高级前必须加the,副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of，in短语表示范围：Itwasthemost/leastinterestingstoryIhaveeverlistened.Heisthetallestofthethree.4、如果在两者之间表

15、示“最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用ofthetwo,ofthepair短语：johnisthecleverofthetwoboys.ofthetwoboys,johnistheclever.三、重点与难点：、asas结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。youreaboyasgoodasTom.=youreasgoodaboyasTom.2、tooto与sothatsb.cant的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：Themanwastooangrytobeabletospeak.Themanwassoangrythathewasntabletospeak.

16、Themilkwastoohottodrink.Themilkwassohotthatwecantdrinkit.tooto与notenoughto句型的转换：Heistooyoungtogetmarried.=Heisnotoldenoughtogetmarried.Thebookistoodifficultformetoread.=Thebookisnoteasyenoughformetoread.3、形容词原级表示比较级含义：约翰不象迈克那么苯。johnisnotsostupidasmike.johnislessstupidthanmike.johnisclevererthanmike.

17、4、用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。johnistallerthananyotherboyintheclass.johnisthetallestboyintheclass.johnistallerthan:anyotherboy.anyoftheotherboy.alltheotherboy.anyoftheothers.anyoneelse.5、themore.themore.表示“越越”:Themorebooksyouread,thewideryourknowledgeis.Themorefoodyoueat,thefatteryouare.6、moreandmore.表示“越来

18、越”:moreandmorestudentsrealizedtheimportanceofaforeignlanguage.ourcountryisgettingstrongerandstronger.四、巩固练习：（一）写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：long_wide_fat_heavy_slow_few_brightly_-_bably_far_quickly_happy_-_unhappy_用所给词的正确形式填空：.ofthetwogirls,IfindLucythe_.2.Goldis_usefulthaniron.3.mysisteristwoyears_thanI.4.

19、johnsparentshavefourdaughters,andsheisthe_child.5.The_bagsarethenotusuallythebestones.6.Theshortoneisbyfar_expensiveofthefive.7.Theboyisnotso_ashisbrother.8.Dicksings_,shesings_thanjohn,butmarysings_inherclass.9.Shewillbemuch_inhermewhouse.0.Thisdressis_that.选择填空：Hefeels_todaythanyesterday.A.tiredB.

20、moretiredc.moretirederD.muchtired2.whichdoyoulike_,coffee,teaormilk?A.theworstB.worsec.theworseD.worst3.ofthetwotoys,thechildchose_.A.theexpensiveoneB.onemostexpensivec.aleastexpensiveD.themostexpensiveofthem4.Thelineis_thanthatone.A.morelongerB.notlongerc.muchmorelongerD.manymorelonger5.Theearthis_

21、themoon.A.as49timesbigasB.49timesasbiggerasc.49timesasbigasD.asbigas49times6.Thebookis_ofthetwo.A.thinnerB.thethinnerc.morethinnerD.thethinnest7.Shelooks_thanshedoes.A.themoreolderB.veryolderc.mucholderD.moreolder8.Thegardenisbecoming_.A.morebeautifulandmoreB.morebeautifulandbeautifulc.moreandmorebe

22、autifulD.morebeautifulandbeautifuler9.Theycompeted（比赛）toseewhocouldwork_.A.thefastestandbestB.thefasterandthebetterc.fastestandbetterD.fasterandbetter0._hurry,_speed.A.more,lessB.much,littlec.Themore,thelessD.Themuch,thelittle1.Thiskindofcoffeeisdifferent_.A.anditisalsobetterB.andbetterthantheotherc

23、.butalsothanothersD.fromtheother,andbetter翻译句子：本书跟那本书一样有趣。Thisbookis_thatone.2你游泳没有你弟弟好。youcantswim_yourbrother.3今天比昨天冷的多。Itis_today_itwasyesterday.4对这个故事我比另一个喜欢的多。Thisstoryis_thanthatone.5他比我大两岁。Heis_thanI.6这个故事不如那个有趣。Thisstoryis_thanthatone.7她的身体状况一天天好起来。Heisgetting_everyday.8.他对英语越来越感兴趣。Heisbecoming_English.9.他吃的越多，人越胖。Themoreheeats,the_hegets.0.你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。yourquestionis_oftwo.