七年级级英语上册知识点.docx

1、七年级级英语上册知识点七年级级英语上册知识点 【篇一】 1. 名词 表示人或事物的名称，如 boy, clock, book, tree。 总的说来，名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。 专有名词是个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称，如： Jim, China 专有名词的第一个字母要大写，如：Beijing, New York 名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词：可以用数目计算，有单数和复数两种形式，如：an apple, two apples, a car, some cars 不可数名词：一般无法用数目计算，没有复数形式，且不用不定冠词a/an修饰，如：water,

2、 milk, meat, tea, bread, rice 单数名词变复数名词的规则如下表： 注：少数名词的复数是不规则的，如： manmen womanwomen childchildren 表示民族的名词，有的在词尾加 s ，如： an Americanthree Americans 有的单、复数形式相同，如： a Chinesefour Chinese a sheepthree sheep a deerfive deer 2. 冠词 冠词是一种虚词，不能单独使用，只能和一个名词一起使用，并帮助说明此名词。冠词有两类，即定冠词the 和不定冠词a/an。 不定冠词 常表示“一”的概念，有两

3、种形式：a和an。a用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前，如：a book, a pen；an用在元音音素开头的名词前，如：an apple,an orange,an egg。 定冠词the 常表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”的概念，the在元音音素前读，在辅音音素前读 ，如：the moon, the evening。 eg. Do you have an English book? Yes, but the English book is broken. There is a chicken in the picture. We cant see the sun at night. The

4、 Browns are going to the park this Sunday. Shanghai is in the east of China. 3. 形容词 用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 如： Its a sunny day today. Lets go to the park. This book is good. Its very nice of you to help us. 常见形容词的同义词与近义词： largebig 大的 gladhappy/pleased 高兴的 cleverbright 聪明的 illsick 病的 fine

5、well 好的 常见形容词的反义词和对应词： bad（坏的）good（好的） big（大的）small（小的） busy（忙的） free（空闲的） dry（干的）wet（湿的） same（相同的）different（不同的） empty（空的）full（满的） cold（寒冷的）hot（热的） open（开着的）closed（关闭的） poor（穷的）rich（富的） 4. 副词 用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，在句中作状语或表语。 eg. Now he is back in New York again. 现在他又回到了纽约。 Mike is a good student. He o

6、ften does his homework carefully. 副词一般分为七大类： 时间副词： now, often, then, early, ago, before 地点副词： here, there, out, above, up, down 方式副词： hard, well, badly, fast, slowly 程度副词： very, much, still, almost, too, so 疑问副词： how, when, why, where 关系副词： when, where, why 连接副词： now, where, why often 等表示“频率”的时间副词，总

7、被放在句子中间，又称“中置副词”。这类副词有 always（总是）、 usually（通常）、sometimes（有时）、ever（曾经）、never（从不）等。 “中置”规律： 放在单个的 be 动词之后； 放在单个实义动词之前； 谓语动词为多个词时，放在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。 如： You are always late for school. 你总是上学迟到。 I usually go to school by bike. I never see that book. He often helps other students. He goes to work on foot so

8、metimes. 5. 比较等级 在进行比较的时候，形容词和副词有原级、比较级和级三种形式。 规则形容词和副词的比较级和级加 -er或-est。 （1）不规则变化的形容词和副词如下： betterbest wors worst （许多）many/muchmoremost （几乎没有）littlelessleast （远的）farfartherfarthest （老的，旧的）old （2）三种句型 原级句型： as形容词/副词as，表示“和一样”；否定句式：not as/so 形容词/副词as，表示“和不一样”。 eg. I think Kate does just as well as Ann

9、. If you like the chicken, you may have as much as you can. I dont like the film. Its not so interesting as that one. 比较级句型： a. 主语谓语比较级than其它，表示“较一些”。 eg. This city is more beautiful than that one. It is hotter today than yesterday. He is a much nicer worker. b. 比较级and比较级，more and more原级，表示“越来越”，说明本

10、身程度的改变。 eg. The worlds population is growing faster and faster. 世界人口增长得越来越快。 more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 c. the比较级, the比较级，表示“越就越”，说明随着前边条件的变化，后边的结果也发生变化。 eg. The more she eats, the fatter shell be. 她吃得越多就会越胖。 The more, the better. 越多越好。 级句型： 主语谓语（the）形容词或副词的级in/of 注：级前一般要用the，如： He is the most ca

11、reful student. 但在副词级前the可以省去，如：He writes（the）most carefully in his class. This kind of cake is the most delicious. I like English best. Mike is the youngest in his class. He runs fastest. 【篇二】 (1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。 (2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。 如： This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处)That is a tr

12、ee. 那是一棵树。(远处) (3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。 如： This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。 (4)向别人介绍某人时说This is, 不说That is。 如：This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。 (5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。 如： This is a bike. Thats a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。 (6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。 如： Hello! Is

13、that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐吗? Yes, this is. Whos that? 是的，我是，你是谁? 注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am, Are you?/Who are you? (7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。 如： Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗?Yes, it is. 是的，它是。 Whats that? 那是什么?Its a kite. 是只风筝。 【篇三】 unit5. Do you have a soccer ball? 句型: Do you h

14、ave a TV? Yes, I do/No, I dont. Do they have a computer? Yes, they do./No, they dont. Does he have a tennis racket? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. Does she have a soccer ball? Yes, she does./No, she doesnt. Does he have a ping-pang ball? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. Lets play soccer. Let me help you.

15、I dont have a soccer ball. That sounds good. 语法：1,句中不含be(am,is,are)动词的 一般疑问句的变法。 也就是说句中谓语动词是实义动词时，要变为一般疑问句，在句首加do/does(当主语是第三人称单数的时候用does),第一人称变第二人称，动词变原形其他的语序不变。I have a computer. Do you have a computer? She likes playing ping-pang.- Does she like playing ping-pang.肯定回答用yes, 主语+do/does.否定回答用No,主语+d

16、ont/doesnt. 2一般句子中当主语是第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词要起变化。具体的变化为：一般情况加s, know-knows,以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es, teach-teaches, go-goes, 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i, 再加es study-studies 3, do/does 叫做助动词(语法需要加上去翻译部出来的动词)时，后面接动词原形， Does he like reading? She doesnt like reading. She doesnt do her homework. 但是如果做实义动词(能翻译出来意思的动词)呢，遇到主语第三人称单数就

17、要起变化。 She does her homework. 4，have的第三人称单数为 has. 5, let sb do sth 让某人做某事 (sb代表人，如果是代词用宾格，do代表动词原形) 6，play+球类 表示“踢，打，玩.” play football play+the+乐器 表示“弹奏乐器” play the piano unit6 Do you like bananas? 句型：Do you like salad? Yes, I do./No, I dont. Does he like pears? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. I like or

18、anges. I dont like oranges. Running star eats lots of healthy food. 语法: 句中谓语动词是实义动词的陈述句，变否定形式在实义动词前加dontdoesnt(主语是第三人称单数时用doesnt). like doing sth/like to do sth 喜欢做某事 I like swimming. She likes to eat hamburgers. Unit7 How much are these pants? 句型：How much is the red sweater? Its eight dollars. What

19、s the price of the red sweater? Its eight dollars. How much are these black pants? Theyre ten dollars. Whats the price of these black pants? Theyre ten dollars. Can I help you?=What can I do for you? Yes, please. I want a sweater. What color do you want? Blue. Here you are. How much is it? Nine doll

20、ars. Ill take it. Anyone can afford our prices. Come and see for yourself at Huaxing Clothes Store. We have sweaters at a very good price. You can buy socks for only $1 each. The girl in red is my friend. The green shorts are on sale for $25. 结构： 询问价格 How much + is/are + 物品名称? Whats the price of+ 物品

21、名称? 多少钱? 回答：Its/Theyre + 价格 Unit8 When is your birthday? 句型：When is your birthday? My birthday is November 11th. When is Liu Pings birthday? Her birthday is on September 5th. When is his birthday? Its March 21st. 语法： 月份前用介词in, in May 在六月， 但是具体到某一天用介词on, on May 1st. Unit9 Do you want to go to a movie

22、? 句型：Do you want to go to a movie? Yes, I do./ No, I dont. Does he want to go to a movie? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies. I like thrillers and l like Beijing Opera. I like comedies but I dont like documentaries. She often goes to see C

23、hinese action movies on weekends. She thinks she can learn about Chinese history. He really likes his movies. Mike father likes it, too! = Mikes father also like it. I think its boring/exciting/interesting/relaxing. She is bored/excited/interested/relaxed. 语法：too, also也，都用于肯定句中，但是also用于句中，too用于句末，且用

24、逗号隔开。 Unit10 Can you play the guitar? 句型：Can you dance? Yes, I can./No, I cant. Can he paint? Yes, he can./ No, he cant. Can she speak English? Yes, she can./No, she cant. What club do you want to join? We want to join the chess club. I want to join the basketball club. What can you do? I can play t

25、he guitar. Are you good with kids? Can you help kids with swimming? Come and join us! Musicians wanted for school music festival. Can you draw? Yes, a little. I want to learn about art. Do you have an e-mail address? 语法：一般疑问句总结：be动词提前型，句首加助动词do/does型，can/could/may/will/would等情态动词开头型， 回答一律用yes/No回答。注意，助动词和情态动词后接动词一定用原形。 结构：1 join与 join in 的区别 join 参加，指参加某项活动 join in 加入 着重加入某种组织，团体，政党并成为其中一员。 2，help sb do sth/help sb with doing sth 帮助某人做某事 3, be good at=be well in 在擅长，擅长于 be good for 对 有好处 be good with 和相处的很好 4, learn about sth 学习有关于