英语三级汉译英解题要领.docx

1、英语三级汉译英解题要领第31课汉译英解题要领一、注意英国人思维方式,牢牢抓住英语三个大体句型先确信句型，举什么旗子，再慢慢完成主+系动词+表谓+主+状 该句型通经常使用于表达某地存在某物（人） 主+谓+宾+状 单词可不能写中文，万万不要因为一，两个单词可不能而舍弃！ 在翻译进程中，从方才紧缩成的大体句型开始，一步步扩大句子，添加修饰成份，直至完整。现举数例：-例1. 咱们居住的地球是一个大球体。 第一步：先确信句型，举什么旗子, 把句子缩小到只剩下大体句型 咱们居住的 地球 是 一个大球体主+系动词+表 The earth is a globe. 第二步：确信成份-定语从句- where (o

2、N which)-扩大句子 咱们居住的 地球 是 一个大球体The earth where we live is a big globe.第三步：按下列顺序检查句子孙老师专门提示：英文书面表达注意事项1注意英语的三个句子，举什么旗子不要错，不要丢。2.警惕单数复数和冠词。3注意时态,主动被动4注意确信否定，别忘了问号。5注意定语的位置，及从句的连词 例2 .正是那棵 树在洪水中 救了 他们的命。第一步：先确信句型，举什么旗子, 把句子缩小到只剩下大体句型 正是 那棵树 在洪水中 救了 他们的命。主+谓+宾+状 The tree saved their lives in the flood(s)

3、.第二步：确信成份-强调句型-扩大句子 It was the tree that saved their lives in the flood(s).第三步：按下列顺序检查句子注意该句应为过去时，做题容易错，生命忘掉加s- 例3 咱们 无法想象 在那个遥远的星球上存在什么东西。第一步：先确信句型，举什么旗子, 把句子缩小到只剩下大体句型 咱们 无法想象 在那个遥远的星球上存在什么东西。 主+谓+宾We cannot imagine 第二步：确信成份-宾语从句-确信连词what -扩大句子咱们 无法想象 在那个遥远的星球上存在什么东西。We cannot imagine what exists

4、on that far-away planet.如辞汇量小的同窗也可选自已会的单词，条条大路通罗马。We cannot suppose what is on that far-away planet.第三步：按下列顺序检查句子注意该句中的连词。- 例4 他今早上学又迟到了。昨晚他确信是睡得太晚了。 第一步：先确信句型，举什么旗子, 把句子缩小到只剩下大体句型他今早上学又迟到了。昨晚他确信是睡得太晚了。主+系动词+表 He was late for the school again this morning.第二步：确信成份-缘故状语从句-确信连词 -扩大句子他今早上学又迟到了。昨晚他确信是睡得

5、太晚了。He was late for the school again this morning for he must have gone to sleep too late last night.第三步：按下列顺序检查句子注意该句中的连词,从句是对过去的推测用must have done-例5 但是，在那个国家 还有成千上万的年轻人 却很难找到工作。 第一步：先确信句型，举什么旗子, 把句子缩小到只剩下大体句型但是，在那个国家 还有成千上万的年轻人 却很难找到工作。 There be in that country, there are also thousands and thousa

6、nds of young people第二步：确信成份-确信成份-定语从句-who-扩大句子但是，在那个国家 还有成千上万的年轻人 却很难找到工作。 However, in that country there are also thousands and thousands of young people who find it very difficult to get work.第三步：按下列顺序检查句子注意该句中的连词,从句动词不定式做宾代补语后置北京地域成人本科学士学位英语统一考试（A）答案20051119Section B Directions: In this part ther

7、e are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly. 81正是那棵 树在洪水中 救了 他们的命。82咱们 无法想象 在那个遥远的星球上存在什么东西。83他今早上学又迟到了。昨晚他确信是睡得太晚了。 84父母没有预料到小孩的问题如此难回答。 85但是，在那个国家 还有成千上万的年轻人 却很难找到工作。 key-81正是那棵 树在洪水中 救了 他们的命。The tree saved their lives in the flood(s)It was the

8、 tree that saved their lives in the flood(s).82咱们 无法想象 在那个遥远的星球上存在什么东西。 We cannot imagine what exists on that far-away planet.It is beyond our imagination that what exits in that star which is so far away.83他今早上学又迟到了。昨晚他确信是睡得太晚了。 He was late for the school again this morning. He must have stayed up

9、too late last night. (He must have gone to sleep too late last night.)He was late for school again this morning. He must have gone to bed very late yesterday evening.84父母没有预料到小孩的问题如此难回答。 The parents did not expect that the childs question would be so hard/difficult to answer.The parents didnt expect

10、 that it would be so hard/difficult to answer the childs question.The parents didnt expect that the child would ask such a difficult parents did not expect that their childs question was too hard to give a reply.85但是，在那个国家 还有成千上万的年轻人 却很难找到工作。 However, in that country there are also thousands and tho

11、usands of young people who find it very difficult to get work.However, there are still thousands of young people who are hard to find a job in that country.二、捕捉题目中的重点语法现象、特定句型和重要短语1 常考的重点语法现象 不定式、分词、动名词、名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句、虚拟语气、倒装句等都是汉译英考题的重点语法。因在前面第二章第四节中已经讨论过，本章再也不赘述。2 特定句型 那个地址讨论的是几个常考句型。比较给常考句型：asas

12、（和一样）；moremore（比多）；less(more) than（比少）；th（比少）；例如：他的空闲时刻没有人们所想的那么多。He hasnt so (as)much free time as people think.约翰的工厂同亨利的工厂一样难以治理Johns factory is as difficult to manage as Henrys.他告知咱们新版本比旧版廉价一些。He told us that the new edition was less expensive than the old one.山越高，其温度越低.The higher a mountain is ,

13、 the lower its temperature is .你拥有的越多，你所需求的就越多。The more you have ,the more you will want.句型“It is .to./ It is .that .”这两个句型中it都是形式主语，用来替代句子中的不定式或主语从句。看成主语的不定式或从句比较长时，就用it作形式主语的那个句型。如： 晚起是一种坏适应。 It is a bad habit to get up late. 要在三个小时内完成这项实验是很不可能的。 It is quite impossible to finish this experiment wi

14、thin three hours. 他如何致富仍然是个迷。 It is still a mystery how he became rich. 很显然，生产决策事实上依托的是信息资料。 It is clear(obvious) that a production decision, in fact, depends on the information. 听说咱们不久要再建两个实验室。 It is said that we will build two more labs before long. 原先没人记得地址。 It turned out that nobody remembered t

15、he address. 他似乎该为这一错误负全数责任。 It seemed that he alone was responsible for the mistake.“not.until.”句型。“not.until.”句型是很具有代表性的句型。例如： 直到失去健康以后咱们才明白健康的宝贵。 We dont realize the preciousness of the health until we lose it . 直到半夜他才上床。 He did nt go to bed until midnight. It wasnotuntilthathe wantto 那个句型常经常使用作倒装

16、句或用在强调句型中。例如上面两句能够写为： It is not until we lose it that we realize the preciousness of health. Not until we lose it do we realize the preciousness of health. It was not until midnight that he went to bed . Not until midnight did he go to bed .一些重要的引导状语从句的连词，如so that（以便），so.that.（如此.以至于），as far as（只要），

17、however（= no matter how不管如何），no matter.（不管），although（尽管），while（一边.一边），just as （正如），in case（= for fear that万一）。例如： 讲清楚些、高声点，以便他们能听懂你的话。 Speak clearly and loudly so that they can understand you.夜黑沉沉的，咱们什么也看不见。It was such a dark night that we could not see anything. 既然你提到这件事，我就向你说明一下。 Now that you ment

18、ion it, I will explain it to you. 只要咱们合作，就会很容易完成这工作。 As long as we cooperate, we can finish the work easily. 尽管他尽力学习，也没有通过考试。 Although he studied hard, he failed to pass the exam. 带上伞，免得下雨。 Take the umbrella with you in case it rains. it 用作形式宾语 他们发此刻10点前不可能把一切预备好。 They found it impossible to get eve

19、rything ready before 10 oclock. 我以为费这么大劲不值得。 I dont think it worthwhile taking such trouble. 咱们把帮忙他人看成是咱们的责任。 We regard it our duty to help others. too.to.太而不能。 这项工作太难了，你干不了。 This job is too difficult for you to do. used to do 和 be used to doing 我过去喜爱画画。 I used to like painting 我适应天天画画. I am used to

20、 painting pictures everyday. not only .but also .,either .or , neither.nor 你能够留在这儿也能够和咱们一路去。You may either stay here or go with us.他既不明白也不关切发生了什么事。 He neither knows nor cares what has happened. 我不明白地址，他也不明白。 I dont know the address, neither does he. 你不仅滑稽而且机智。 You are not only funny but also witty.后

21、接不定式和动名词意义不同的动词，如remember, forget, regret, go on . 我很遗憾地通知你，你被辞退了。 I regret to inform you that you are dismissed. 去邮局时别忘了把包裹带上。 Dont forget to take the parcel with you when you go to the post office. 我记得在哪儿见过他。 I remember seeing him somewhere. 必需接动名词的动词或固定结构，如mind, cant help ,have trouble doing sth.

22、,It is worth doing sth., It is no good doing sth.（做某事是没用的），It is no use doing sth.等。 你介怀我开窗户吗？ Do you mind my opening the window? 我禁不住大哭起来。 I cant help laughing. 我发动不了汽车了。 I had trouble getting the car started. 此刻给他打电话也没用。 It is no use calling him now. 这本书值得读。 It is worth reading.北京地域成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2

23、006年4月22日真题(A卷)汉译英81.他起得很早为的是赶上第一班公共汽车。82.直到昨天晚上他才改变了他的主意。83.同意这项建议的请举手。84.不管多忙，你都应该抽时刻看望父母。85.每次访问他们都会发觉那个城市呈现出新的面貌。key-81.他起得很早为的是赶上第一班公共汽车。He gets (got) up early so (in order) that he may (might) catch the first bus. He gets (got) up early so (in order) to catch the first bus. 82.直到昨天晚上他才改变了他的主意。

24、 He did not change his mind until yesterday evening (last night).Not until yesterday evening did he change his mind.It was not until yesterday evening that he changed his mind.83.同意这项建议的请举手。Those who agree to (are for/ are in favor of ) this (the) proposal(suggestion) ,please raise(put up) your hands.84.不管多忙，你都应该抽时刻看望父母。No matter how busy you are , you should spare (some) time to visit your parents85.每次访问他们都会发觉那个城市呈现出新的面貌。They would find (that) the city took on a new look every time they visited it.