中考必考八大时态.docx

1、中考必考八大时态中考英语必考八大时态结构及用法详解之吉白夕凡创作时间：二O二一年七月二十九日一般现在时一1. 概念：经常、频频产生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况.2. 基本结构：is/am/are；do/does否认形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesnt,同时还原行为动词.3. 一般疑问句：把is/am/are动词放于句首；用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词.4. 用法1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与暗示频度的时间状语连用.例如：I leave home for school

2、 at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家.2) 客不雅真理,客不雅存在,科学事实.例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动.Shanghai lies in the east ofChina. 上海位于中国东部.3) 暗示格言或警句.例如：Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败.注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时.例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的.4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、特性.例

3、如：I dont want so much. 我不要那么多.Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英语写得不错,讲的可不成.5) 一般现在时暗示将来含义a. 下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以暗示将来,主要用来暗示在时间上已确定或安插好的事情.例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开.When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么

4、时候开?十分钟后.b. 在时间或条件句中.例如：When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后,让他等我.Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就写信给你.一般过去时二1. 概念：过去某个时间里产生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为.2. 基本结构：was/were；行为动词过去式否认形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt,同时还原行为动词.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词.3.

5、 用法1) 在确定的过去时间里所产生的动作或存在的状态.时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等.例如：Where did you go just now? 方才你上哪儿去了?2) 暗示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作.例如：When I was a child, I often played football in the street.我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a w

6、arm welcome.那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢迎.注意：used to + do：过去经常暗示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在.例如：Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘.Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去经常散步.现在进行时三1. 概念：暗示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为.2. 时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.3. 基本结构：am/is/are+doing否认形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句

7、首.4. 用法：1) 暗示现在(指说话人说话时)正在产生的事情.例如： We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你.2) 习惯进行：暗示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行.例如：Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态.)3) 暗示渐变,这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等.例如：The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红.Its getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了.4)

8、 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,暗示频频产生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主不雅色彩.例如：You are always changing your mind. 你老是改动主意.5) 用现在进行时暗示将来下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等瞬时动词的现在进行时可以暗示将来.例如：Im leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了.Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?过去进行时四1. 概念：暗示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在产

9、生或进行的行为或动作.My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我兄弟骑车时摔了下来,受了伤.When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.我到达山顶时,阳光残暴.2. 时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等.3. 基本结构：was/were+doing否认形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句

10、首.4. 用法1) 过去进行时暗示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情.We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视.2) 过去进行时可以暗示在过去某个时间点产生的事情.时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来暗示.What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday?昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语暗示时间点)She was doing her homework then.那个时候她正在写作业.（副词暗示时间点）When I saw him he was decorat

11、ing his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间. (when从句暗示时间点)3) 在复合句中,如果主要动作和布景动作都是延续的或同时产生的,那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时.When he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报. (两个动作都是延续的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时我在做饭.(两个动作同时进行)一般将来时五1. 概念：暗示将要产生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事.2. 时间状语：tomorrow, next da

12、y(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by the day after tomorrow, etc.3. 基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will + do.否认形式：am/is/are+not+going to + dowill not（wont）+ do.一般疑问句：am/is/are放于句首；will提到句首.4. will主要用于在以下三个方面：1) 暗示主不雅意愿的将来.They will go to visit the factory tomorrow.明天他们将去厂不雅赏工场.Ill come with

13、 Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling.我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来.2) 暗示不以人的意志为转移的客不雅的将来.Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday.今天是星期六.明天是（将）是星期日.He will be thirty years old this time next year.明年这个时候他就（将）三十岁.3) 暗示临时决定,通经常使用于对话中.Mary has been ill for a week.玛丽病了一周了.Oh, I didnt know. I will go and see her.噢,我不知道.我

14、去看看她.5. be going to主要用于一下两个方面：1) 暗示事先经过考虑、安插好打算、计划要做某事.Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧.2) 暗示按照目前某种迹象判断,某事很是有可能产生,暗示推测.Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.瞧！乌云密集.天要下雨了.过去将来时六1. 概念：立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,经常使用于宾语从句中.2. 时间状语：the next day(morning, year),the

15、 following month(week),etc.3. 基本结构：was/were/going to + do；would + do.否认形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would + not + do.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would 提到句首.4. 用法1) “would+动词原形”常暗示主不雅意愿的将来.例如：He said he would come to see me.他说他要来看我.He told me he would go to Beijing.他告知我他将去北京.2) “was/ were+going to+动词原形”常暗示

16、按计划或安插即将产生的事.例如：She said she was going to start off at once.她说她将立即出发.I was told that he was going to return home.有人告知我他准备回家.此结构还可暗示按照某种迹象来看,很可能或即将产生的事情.例如：It seemed as if it was going to rain.看来好像要下雨.3) come, go, leave, arrive, start等瞬时动词动词可用过去进行时暗示过去将来的含义.例如：He said the train was leaving at six the

17、 next morning.他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开.She told me she was coming to see me.她告知我她要来看我.现在完成时七1. 概念：过去产生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在并且有可能继续下去的动作或状态.2. 时间状语：recently, lately, since, for, in the past few years, etc.3. 基本结构：have/has + done否认形式：have/has + not +done.一般疑问句：have或has.4. since的三种用法1) since +过去一个时

18、间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six).例如：I have been here since 1989. 1989起,我一直在这儿.2) since +一段时间+ ago.例如：I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿,已经有五个月了.3) since +从句（一般过去时）.例如：Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后,变更可大了.比较since和forsince 用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度.例如：I

19、have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了.注意：并不是有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时.I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里任务.)过去完成时八1. 概念：以过去某个时间为尺度,在此以前产生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”.2. 时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.3. 基本结构：had + done.否认形式：had + not + done.一般疑问句

20、：had放于句首.4. 用法1) 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句种.例如：She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告知我她曾去过巴黎.2) 在过去不合时间产生的两个动作中,产生在先,用过去完成时;产生在后,用一般过去时.例如：When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了.3) 暗示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,suppose等,用过去完成时暗示原本,未能.例如：We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. 那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来.注意： had hardly when. 刚.就.例如：I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我刚打开门,他就打了我.had no soonerthan 刚 就.例如：He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车,转眼又卖了.时间：二O二一年七月二十九日