职称英语理工类B级真题+答案.docx

1、职称英语理工类B级真题+答案2009年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（B级）真题及答案 7812 第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1Would you please call my husband as soon as possible？B Avisit B phone Cconsult D invite 2We had a long conversation about her parents.C Aspeech B question Ctalk D debate 3The chairm

2、an proposed that we stop the meeting.D Astated B announced Cdemanded D suggested 4Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisis.B Alived on B depended on Cbelieved in D joined in 5There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a record.A Abeats B maintains Cmatches D tr

3、ies 6All the pupils seem to be very cheerful.A Ahappy B healthy Cnaughty D busy 7The traditional paintings are exhibited on the second floor.B Alaid B displayed Ckept D stored 8She stood there， shaking with fury.C Amisery B laughter Canger D cry 9Mary evidently is the most diligent student among usD

4、 Aintelligent B beautiful Ctalkative D hardworking 10 Persistent attempts to interview Garbo were fruitless.C A Forceful BReasonable C Continuous D Firm 11 Why cant you stop your eternal complaining？A Aeverlasting B long Ctemporary D boring 12 Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.B A

5、shaken B damaged Cfallen D jumped 13 These paintings are considered by many to be authentic.C Afaithful B royal Cgenuine D sincere 14 Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics.A Aattraction B simplicity Cpower D rigor 15 Ten years after the event， her death still remains a puzzl

6、eC Amist B fog Cmystery D secret5 第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C. Radiocarbon Dating Nowadays scientists can answer many questions about the past through a technique called radiocarbon （放射性碳）， or carbon-14， dating. On

7、e key to understanding how and by something happened is to discover when it happened. Radiocarbon dating was developed in the late 1940s by physicist Willard F. Libby at he University of Chicago. An atom of ordinary carbon， called carbon-12， has six protons（中子） and six neutrons （质子） in its nucleus.

8、Carbon-14， or C-14， is a radioactive， unstable form of carbon that has two extra neutrons （原子核）。 It returns to a more stable form of carbon through a process called decay （衰减）。 This process involves the loss of he extra neutrons and energy from the nucleus. In Libbys radiocarbon dating technique， th

9、e weak radioactive emissions （放射） from his decay process are counted by instruments such as a radiation detector and counter. he decay rate is used to determine the proportion of C-14 atoms in the sample being dated. Carbon-14 is produced in the Earths atmosphere when nitrogen （氮）-14， or N-14， inter

10、acts with cosmic rays （宇宙射线）。 Scientists believe since the Earth was formed， the mount of nitrogen in the atmosphere has remained constant. Consequently， C-14 formation is thought to occur at a constant rate. Now the ratio of C-14 to other carbon toms in the atmosphere is known. Most scientists agre

11、e that this ratio is useful for dating items back to at least 50，000 years. All life on Earth is made of organic molecules （分子） that contain carbon atoms coming from the atmosphere. So all living things have about the same ratio of C-14 atoms to other carbon atoms in their tissues （组织）。 Once an orga

12、nism （有机体） dies it tops taking in carbon in any form， and the C-14 already present begins to decay. Over time the amount of C-14 in the material decreases， and the ratio of C-14 to other carbon toms goes down. In terms of radiocarbon dating， the fewer C-14 atoms in a sample， the older that sample is

13、. 16Nowadays many scientists depend on radiocarbon for dating age-old objectsA A Right BWrong C Not mentioned 17The radiocarbon dating technique is only about 40 years old B A Right BWrong C Not mentioned 18An atom of ordinary carbon has six protons and eight neutronsB A Right BWrong C Not mentioned

14、 19Radar is used to determine the characteristics of radiocarbonC A Right BWrong C Not mentioned 20Radiocarbon is reliable in dating an object back to at least 50，000 years.A A Right BWrong C Not mentioned 21The C-14 in an organism begins to decay when it diesA A Right BWrong C Not mentioned 22The h

15、alf-life of C-14 is about 25，000 years.C A Right BWrong C Not mentioned8 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分） 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第14段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 Chimpanzees 1Chimpanzees （黑猩猩） will soon be extinct （灭绝）。 If the present rate of hunting and habitat （栖息地） des

16、truction continues， then within 20 years， there will be no chimpanzees living in the wild. But this is more than an environmental or moral tragedy （悲剧）。 Chimpanzee extinction may also have profound implications （含意） for the survival of their distant relatives - human beings. 2In 1975 the biologist M

17、arie-Claire King and Allan Wilson discovered that the human and chimpanzee genomes （基因组） match by over 98%. Compare this to the mouse， used as model for human disease in lab tests， which shares only 60% of its DNA with us. In fact， chimpanzees are far more similar to humans than they are to any othe

18、r species of monkey. As well as resembling us genetically， chimps are highly intelligent and able to use tools. These facts alone should be enough to make protection of chimps an urgent priority （优先）。 But there is another， more selfish reason to preserve the chimp. 3The chimpanzees trump card （王牌） c

19、omes in the field of medical research. Chimpanzees are so similar to humans that veterinarians （兽医） often refer to human medical textbooks when treating them. Yet chimpanzees do show differences in several key areas. In particular， chimps are much more resistant to a number of major diseases. It is

20、this ability that is so interesting. 4For example， chimps seem to show a much higher resistance than humans to HIV， the virus that causes AIDS. Indeed， their use as experimental animals in AIDS research has declined because they are so resistant. 5By sequencing the chimp genome and pinpointing （找到）

21、the place where the chimpanzee DNA sequence differs from that of humans， scientists hope to be able to discover which part of the genetic code gives chimps their increased resistance to some diseases. This， they hope， will allow them to develop new and more effective treatments for the human forms o

22、f these diseases. Such treatments could include the production of new drugs or even the alteration （改变） of the human genetic sequence. The recently completed human genome sequencing project has shown that such an effort is now well within our reach. 23Paragraph 1B 24Paragraph 2D 25Paragraph 3F 26Par

23、agraph 4E AReasons for HIV resistance BImplications of chimpanzee extinction for humans CEffective AIDS treatment DGenetic similarities between chimps and humans EChimps resistance to HIV FGenetic differences between chimps and humans 27Chimpanzee extinction may affectC 28There is a difference ofles

24、s than 2% between the chimp andD 29Scientists suspect that genes.PlaY a significant role in protecting chimps from gettingB 30The discovery of the genetic code of chimps will be helpful toA Asome human disease treatments Bsome diseases Chuman survival Dhuman genomes Ekey areas Fhealthier lifestyle 3

25、3第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 第一篇 Water The second most important constituent （构成成份） of the biosphere （生物圈） is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures， since water freezes at 0 and boils at 100。 Life as we know it would only be p

26、ossible on the surface of a planet which had temperatures somewhere within this narrow range. The earths supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity. The total quantity of water is not known very accurately， but it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of abou

27、t two and three-quarter kilometers. Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans - about 97 per cent. The rest is fresh， but three-quarters of this is in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountains， and cannot be used by living systems until melted. Of the remaining fractional which i

28、s somewhat less than one per cent of the whole， there is 10-20 times as much stored underground water as there is actually on the surface. There is also a tiny， but extremely important fraction of the water supply which is present as water vapor in the atmosphere. Water vapor in the atmosphere is th

29、e channel through which the whole water circulation （循环） of the biosphere has to pass. Water evaporated （蒸发） from the surface of the oceans， from lakes and rivers and from moist （潮湿的） earth is added to it. From it the water comes out again as rain or snow， falling on either the sea or the land. Ther

30、e is， as might be expected， a more intensive evaporation per unit area over the sea and oceans than over the land， but there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans， and the balance is restored by the runoff from the land in the form of rivers. 31Liquid water only exists C Ain the center of the earth. Bon the surface of our