高考英语一轮总复习专题14 语法填空.docx

1、高考英语一轮总复习专题14 语法填空专题十四语法填空20162012年各省市高考题A卷全国卷Passage 1(2016全国)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest buildings, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top_1_(attract)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not

2、forprofit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_2_(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre.From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be_3_(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back_4_my days on

3、 a TV show in the mid1980s，_5_I was the first Western TV reporter_6_(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include_7_(introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountai

4、ns of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by_8_(it) mother.The nursery team switches him every few_9_( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed，_10_other is with mumshe never suspects.【语篇导读】成都有许多百万富翁，亚洲最大的建筑和诱人的宾馆，但作者最喜欢的是“国宝”大熊猫。1

5、attraction考查名词的用法。空格前有形容词和物主代词，因此要用其名词形式。2was allowed考查动词时态。根据语境及allow sb to do sth这一固定句式可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态形式。3officially考查副词的用法。修饰谓语动词应当用副词形式。4to考查固定短语。go back to为固定短语，意思是“回到，追溯到”。5when考查副词的用法。由句子结构可以判断这是一个定语从句，先行词是表示时间的in the mid1980s，从句中缺少状语，因此填写关系副词when。6permitted考查定语从句关系副词的用法。因为句中已有谓语动词was，故此处要用

6、非谓语动词形式。因permit与reporter为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。7introducing考查动名词的用法。由句子结构可知，introduce作谓语动词include的宾语。而British visitors是introduce这一动作的承受者。故用动名词形式。8its考查物主代词的用法。根据空格后的名词及前文中的a lively threemonthold twin可知要用形容词性物主代词。9days考查名词复数。few用来修饰可数名词复数，故答案为days。10the考查固定搭配中冠词的用法。由前文中的关键词twin, one可知这里考查one.the other.(一个

7、另一个)的用法。故答案为the。Passage 2(2016全国)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of _1_(great)and less importance.Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _2_ (achieve)Leaving th

8、e less important things until tomorrow _3_ (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused _4_our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.So, get an early start and try to be as productive _5_ possible before lunch.This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afterno

9、on and go home feeling accomplished.Recent _6_(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks_7_(regular)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for_8_while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, y

10、oull be less likely _9_ (bring) your work home.It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is，_10_ (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是当我们在工作中感到压力巨大时，应该如何合理释放这些压力。内容涉及处理最重要的事情；上午多做工作；工作期间定期休息等。1greater考查形容词的

11、比较级。根据后面的and less可知，此处也要用比较级形式。2achievement考查名词的用法。介词of后要用名词作宾语。固定表达a sense of achievement成就感。3is考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语为动名词短语leaving the less.，动名词作主语谓语要用单数第三人称形式，且这里说的是一个客观事实，故要用is。4on考查介词的用法。很多人早晨的注意力要比晚些时候的注意力更集中。固定短语be focused on专心于，集中于。5as考查固定表达。正是因为人们早晨的注意力更为集中，所以我们要早起，要和午饭之前一样高效率。固定表达as.as possible尽可

12、能6studies考查名词的复数。根据后面的谓语动词show可知，主语应该是复数形式。7regularly考查副词的用法。如果我们定期休息的话。此处修饰动词短语take short breaks，故要用副词形式。8a考查不定冠词的用法。让你的身体和思想休息一会。固定表达for a while一会儿。9to bring考查不定式的用法。固定表达be likely to do.很可能做某事。10make考查祈使句中的动词。根据句子结构可知，此处为祈使句，故谓语要用动词原形。Passage 3(2016全国)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。In much of

13、 Asia，especially the socalled “rice bowl” cultures of China，Japan，Korea，_1_Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long，thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic，animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopstick

14、s might_2_(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _3_(create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots, _4_(use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.Over time，_5_the popu

15、lation grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which_6_(gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，_7_lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC.，influenced the_8_(develo

16、p)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _9_(be)too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India，for example，most people traditionally eat _10_their hands.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了亚洲一些国家中的吃饭工具筷子。1and考查连词。China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam

17、是并列关系。2be made考查语态。根据句意筷子是被制造的。3to create考查动词不定式。作目的状语。4using考查分词。现在分词作状语。5as/when考查连词。as/when“当时，随着”。6gradually考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词。7who考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，故用who。8development考查名词。此处应用名词作动词的宾语。9were考查时态和动词的数。此处were是与would remind 并列的谓语动词。10with考查介词。固定短语：with ones hands 用某人的手。Passage 4(2015新课标全国)阅读下面材

18、料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Yangshuo，ChinaIt was raining lightly when I _1_ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care.A few hours _2_，Id been at home in Hong Kong，with _3_ (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.Id skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for

19、 tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _4_ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _5_ (painting)Instead，Id headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，its only an hour away _6_ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.Yangshuo _7_

20、 (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers _8_ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it _9_ (regular) arr

21、anges quick getaways here for people _10_ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.【语篇导读】桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的见闻。1arrived考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。2before/earlier考查副词的用法。由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。3its考查形容词性物主代词的用法。空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。4that/ which考查定语从句关系代词的用法。由句子

22、结构不难判断这是一个定语从句。先行词为指物的mountain tops and dark waters，关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为that/ which。5paintings考查名词的复数。“so many复数名词”为一常用短语。6by考查介词的固定用法。根据句意可知，这只是驱车一小时的路程。“by交通工具名词”为一固定短语。7is考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观事实，要用一般现在时，由于主语是单数第三人称形式，因此答案为is。8conducted考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法。study与conduct之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外，by是解题

23、的关键词，conducted by.意为“由所做的”。9regularly考查副词的用法。该词修饰谓语动词arrange，故要用其副词形式。10living考查现在分词短语作后置定语的用法。由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。Passage 5(2015新课标全国)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings(土坯房)_1_(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by eve

24、n _2_ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _3_(able) to “air condition”a house without _4_(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _5_(slow)duri

25、ng cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _6_ (cool) the house during the hot day：_7_ the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle _8_ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during th

26、e night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As_9_(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_10_thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【语篇导读】相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的建筑师却对其情有独钟。短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。1built考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语d

27、wellings与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。又由by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。2the考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。3ability考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词their之后应当用名词，故将able转化为其名词形式。4using考查介词的用法。介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。5slowly考查副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释放出来。修饰谓语动词give out，因此要用副词形式。6to cool考查固定句式的用法。“形容词enough动词不定式”为

28、一常用句式。7at考查固定短语的用法。at the same time意为“同时”，是一个常用介词短语。8goes考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理，故用一般现在时态。9natural考查形容词的用法。修饰名词architects，故要用形容词形式。10how考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词thick及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。所以答案为how。Passage 6(2014新课标全国)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Are you facing a situ

29、ation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It _1_ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it _2_(actual) caught fire and burned.Now，years later，this river is one of _3_ most outstanding

30、examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasnt changed in a few days _4_ even a few months.It took years of work _5_ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _6_(clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible

31、situation.Maybe you have a habit _7_ is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation，dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are _8_ (amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the _9_(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning