人教版高一英语新教材Book 1 Unit 5词汇表.docx

1、人教版高一英语新教材Book 1 Unit 5词汇表2019人教版高一英语新教材Book 1 Unit 5词汇表（含教材例句及词汇用法讲解）本词汇表主要特色：1.呈现教材原文例句，重视词汇在语境中的运用。2.词汇用法讲解紧扣新课标和新考纲，深度和广度适中，条理清晰，系统完整。3.精选高考真题例句、词典例句和时文例句，例句具有典型性和示范性。4.展示高考真题，揭示高考命题角度和思路。5.适合高一学生同步使用以及高三学生总复习使用。Book 1 Unit 51.billion / bljn / n. 十亿How many billion people speak the UN s official

2、 languages as their native or second language? 有几十亿人把联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二门语言？（P60）They have spent billions of dollars on the problem .他们花了几十亿美元解决这个问题。【拓展】表数量的词的用法dozen（十二）,score（二十）,hundred（百）,thousand（千）,million（百万）, billion（十亿）之前有确切的数字时，用单数形式；没有确切的数字时，用复数形式，而且多和of连用。two dozen eggs两打鸡蛋 dozens of eggs

3、几十个鸡蛋five hundred people五百人 hundreds of people数百计的人three billion years 30亿年 billions of years数十亿年2.native / netv /adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲不是同一种英语，他们也能彼此听懂。China is our native country, and Ch

4、inese is our native language.中国是我们的祖国，汉语是我们的母语。Australians are proud of their native wildlife. 澳大利亚人为他们的野生动物感到骄傲。be native to.原产于某地The panda is native to China. 大熊猫产于中国。n.本地人 a native of当地人/产于的动/植物He is a native of Beijing. 他是北京人。3.attitude / ttju:d ; NAmE titu:d/ n. 态度；看法 What is the attitude of th

5、e speaker towards foreign language learning? 演讲者对外语学习的态度是什么？（P60）Beauty is an attitude. It has nothing to do with age. 美是一种态度，与年龄无关。a positive /negative /firm attitude 积极/消极/坚定的态度Remember, keep a positive attitude and good things will happen. 记住：保持乐观的心态，好事自然会发生。an attitude to /towards 对 .的态度We shoul

6、d develop a good attitude to/towards life. 我们应该树立良好的生活态度。 4.reference / refrns / n. 指称关系；参考She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans.她没有提到她的病，只说了她未来的计划。I wrote down the name of the hotel for future reference.我记下了这家酒店的名字，以后也许用得着。reference books参考书There are several reference bo

7、oks to help you make your choice. 有几本参考书帮你作出选择。5.refer/ rf:(r) / (referred , referred , referring)vi.提到；参考；查阅 refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅 Pronouns (it, they, she, etc.) refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.代词（it, they, she, etc.）指前面提到的某物或某人。（P60）Pay attention to the context of words to help yo

8、u understand what the pronouns refer to. 注意单词的上下文，帮助你理解代词指代什么。（P60）In his speech, he referred to a recent trip to Canada. 他在讲演中提到了前不久的加拿大之行。That remark does not refer to her. 那句话不是指她说的。Dont refer to the matter again. 不要再提这件事了.You may refer to your notes if you want. 如果需要，可以查阅笔记。refer to a dictionary

9、 查词典Refer to the dictionary when you dont know how to spell a word. 当你不知道怎么拼写一个词时,查阅一下词典.vt.查询；叫求助于 For further details I refer you to my secretary. 详情请问我的秘书。6.system / sstm / n.体系；制度；系统 THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT汉语书写系统：连接过去和现在（P62）solar system 太阳系a transport sys

10、tem 运输系统educational system教育体制ecosystem生态系统People think that there are many shortcomings in our educational system.人们认为我们的教育制度有很多缺陷。The global warming will surely influence the ecosystem. 全球变暖一定会影响生态系统。Asthepublictransportsystemcantsatisfypeoplesneeds,manypeopleturnto privatecars. 因为公共交通系统不能满足人们的需求，

11、许多人转向了私家车。7.civilisation NAmE -ization /svlazen / n. 文明；文明世界China is widely known for its ancient civilisationwhich has continued all the way through into modem times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. 中国以其古老的文明而闻名，它一直延续到现代，尽管在历史上有许多起起伏伏。（P62）Athens,thecapitalofGreece,isknownasthebirthp

12、laceofwesterncivilisation.雅典是希腊的首都，作为西方文明的发源地而文明。The Yangtze is one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilisation.长江是中华文明的母亲河之一。【拓展】（1）civilize / svlaz / vt. 使文明；使开化；启发Knowledge can civilize people. 知识能够使人有教养。The wild child found in the forest was gradually civilized在森林里发现的野孩子逐渐被开化了。（2）civilized /svl

13、azd/ adj. 文明的；有教养的A unified writing system is considered to be an important part of civilised society.统一的书写系统被认为是文明的重要组成部分。（P63）He was very kind and civilized. 他非常和蔼可亲， 十分文雅。8.despite / dspat / prep. 即使；尽管despite the many ups and downs in its history 尽管在历史上有许多起起伏伏（P62）Despite all these differences,

14、lifestyle changes may be affecting French eating habits. 尽管有这些差异，生活方式变化可能在影响法国的饮食习惯。Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work.尽管他申请了数百个工作，但仍然在失业中。despite the fact that 尽管She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring.尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。despite /in spite of（doi

15、ng）sth = although/though+从句 尽管He always did well at school despite /in spite of doing part-time jobs every now and then.= He always did well at school although/though he did part-time jobs every now and then.尽管偶尔做兼职，他在学校总是学习成绩很好。【注意】despite 和in spite of是介词，其后接名词或动名词做宾语，而although/though是连词，其后要接句子，引导让步状语从句。9.ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups would mean nothing. 当生活很艰难，你想要放弃的时候，请记住，生活充