初三复习教案1.docx

1、初三复习教案1Noun一概念：1. Special nouns 表示人，地点，国家，机构等的名词。任何时候都需要大写首字母。Eg: Mary, China, January, the Great Wall. 2. General nouns表示某一类人或东西或抽象概念的名词。1） 可数名词个体名词2） 集体名词3） 不可数名词物质名词4） 抽象名词二 知识梳理1 Singular nounsan “a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x”2 Regular plurals:1)+s2)+es 以 s, x, ch, sh结尾及四个以o结尾的单词eg: potato, tomato, h

2、ero, Negro3)辅音字母y+ies eg: lady ,family boys, keys4)f/feves eg: shelf, thief, half, loaf *注意 roofs, beliefs, chiefs3. Irregular plurals:1) no change people ,sheep, fish, deer, fish, Chinese, , Japanese, Swiss2) change vowels man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, goose-geesehumans, Germans，wal

3、kmans, Discmans, 3) irregularchild-children, oxoxen，mouse-mice, 4)compound nounswoman teacher-women teachers, girl students， sons-in-law, lookers-on（旁观者）, passers-by（过路人）, grown-ups go-betweens（中间人）4Uncountable nouns单位 + of + uncountable nounsmuch, a lot of, a large amount of5. possessive case of no

4、uns1)n.+sthe boys bag2) 已有s, +teachers office, ten minutes walk3）词尾没有s的复数 +sChildrens Day, Womens Day4）共有的 + s, 各自所有分别+sTom and Janes room (one room)Toms and Janes rooms (two rooms)5)时间，距离，国家，城市等无生命的东西的名词， 也可加sBeijings street, todays newspaper6)复合名词， 在后面的名词+ssomebody elses可数不可数皆可一些a fewa littlesome许

5、多manymucha lot of大量的a large number ofa huge amount of plenty ofI. PronounPersonal pronoun 人称代词Demonstrative pronoun 指示代词Possessive pronoun 物主代词Self-pronoun 反身代词1.Personal pronoun： Nominative case 主格 Objective case 宾格 Possessive case 所有格 You, he and I we, you and they2. Possessive pronoun 形容词性 + n. =

6、名词性3 Self-pronoun 第一、二人称第三人称单数所有格 + self宾格 + self复数所有格 + selves宾格 + selves 4. Possessive pronoun1) 电话用语Whos that speaking?This is speaking.2) 为避免重复， 可用that, those 代替前面提过的名词。 The weather of Shanghai is better than that of Beijing.5. 疑问代词what, which, who, whom, whose6. 不定代词 some thingAny OneNo bodyeve

7、ry 复合不定代词表示单数， 修饰语放在复合不定代词的后面both, neither, either, all, none, any, each, (a) little, another, the other,(the) others1) some , anysome用于肯定句；用于疑问句表示请求、建议等。I have some questions to ask.Would you please lend me some English books?Can I have some cakes?Any用于否定、疑问句和条件状语从句；用于肯定句作“任何的”If there is any water

8、 left, let me have some.You can ask any of us for help.He has worked the whole morning without any rest.2) 都都不任一两者bothneithereither三者allnoneany3) each , everyeach (n. ) (a.) 强调个别 （各人有各自）； 两个或两个以上every (a.) 强调整体 （人人都有）； 两个以上each of us each/either side of the street every of us () every one of us ever

9、y side of the street ()4) other , the other, others, the others形容词性名词性无范围otherOthers有范围The otherThe othersEach other=one another* onethe other* onethe others (the other two)* oneanotherthe third* some others* somethe others/ the rest5) it, one, ones, that, thoseit表示时间， 日期， 天气， 距离， 可做形式主语 it= the +n.

10、 one用来代替上文出现过的单数可数名词；ones是one 的复数形式， 只能代替复数可数名词 one= a/an + n. that 代替前面提到的由定冠词 the修饰的单数名词； those 代替特指的复数 名词。II. Numbers1. cardinal numbers* hundred / thousand / million / billionhundreds of / thousands of / millions of / billions of个位与十位之间有 - ； 十位与百位之间有 and eg: 535,245 five hundred and thirty-five

11、thousand two hundred and forty-fivefour fourteen forty nine nineteen - ninetyonetwothreefiveeightninetwelvetwentyfirstsecondthirdfiftheighthninthtwelfthtwentieth2. ordinal numbers序数词常和定冠词the 连用（除名次和街道）3. Fraction 1). 分数： 分子用基数词， 分母用序数词； 分子大于1， 分母加s1/2 one half / a half 2/3 two thirds1/4 a quarter /

12、one fourth 3/4 three quarters / three-fourthsone and a half two and three-fifths2） 小数：小数点读作 point，小数点前的数字按基数次的方法读，小数点后的数字一个一个读。0.2 zero point two 3.1415 three point one four one five17.27 seventeen point two seven 82.68 eighty-two point six eight3）百分数：百分号读作per cent ，其他数字按基数次按小数的方法读。1% one per cent 0

13、.2% zero point two per cent30% thirty per cent 78% seventy-eight percent4. date, year, time, clock1) 在某年in 1949 in nineteen forth-nine in 470BC in the year four seventy BCin 2001 in two thousand and one in 1900 in nineteen hundred2) 在某月in January / February /March /April /May / June/ July / August/

14、September / October/ November/ December3) 在某日on the twenty-first on the thirtieth4）在某年某月某日1949.10.1. on October the first, nineteen forty-nine / on the first of October, nineteen forty-nine 5)在某年某月某日某时1991 年5月5日上午5点 at five on the morning of May the fifth, nineteen ninety-one 6) 时刻at 6:00 at six / a

15、t six oclock at 8:30 at half past eightSince the thirties 自30年代以来In the early sixties 在60年代初In his forties 在他40多岁时In the 1980s 在20世纪80年代Line 2 第二行 Room 502 第502房间Grade 3 三年级 Bus No. 3 / the third bus 三路公共汽车Class 4 四班 Book 2 / Book Two 第二册书Page 5 第五页 Lesson 8 / the Eighth Lesson 第八课III. Article1. Ind

16、efinite article :1) 第一次提到某人或某物时，用不定冠词起介绍作用。There is a book on the desk.2) 泛指某一类人或事物中的一个。A horse runs fast. I saw an Indian elephant in the zoo.3) 表示数量，有 一 的意思，但数的概念没有 one 强烈。I have a sister. (I have only one sister.)4) 用在抽象名词前，使抽象名词具体化；用在某一个人名或地名前，将专有名词普通化。A Mr Wang is asking for you. 5) 用在某些固定搭配中。O

17、nce in a while偶尔A little一点Put an end to结束A lot of 许多A cup of一杯A glass of一杯A couple of几个A piece of一片Take a rest休息一下In a hurry匆忙A few一些A kind of一种Once upon a time从前In a word总之In a moment一会儿After a while一会儿A bit一点As a result结果是Have a good time玩得愉快As a whole总体上At a distance隔开一点2Definite article 1） 用在单数或

18、复数名词前，特指某些人或某些事物，往往有限制性定语修饰。Here is the book you want. / Did you hear the talk by Professor Li?2）用在谈话双方都知道的人和事物前。Look at the blackboard.3）指上文已提到的人或事物。I bought a book yesterday. The book is now on my shelf.4）指世界上独一无二的事物。The earth moves around the sun.5）用在方位名词、序数词和形容词最高级前面。He is always the first to co

19、me./ the sun rises in the east.6）用在单数可数名词前，表示某一类人或事物。The bike is very useful.7)和形容词连用表示一类人。The rich富人The poor穷人The blind盲人The old老人The young年轻人The wounded伤病员The dead死者The living生者The unemployed失业者The sick病人The deaf聋子The oppressed被压迫者）用在专有名词前。a) 在江河、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称前。The Yellow River黄河The Yangtze River长江T

20、he Ural Mountains乌拉尔山脉The Himalayas喜马拉雅山The English Channel英吉利海峡The Taiwan Strait台湾海峡The Pacific Ocean太平洋The West Lake西湖The British Isles不列颠群岛The Philippines菲律宾群岛b) 用在含有普通名词的专有名词前。The Peoples Republic of China中华人民共和国The United Nations联合国The Great Hall of the People人民大会堂The White House白宫The Ministry

21、of Education教育部The Capital Theater首都剧场c) 用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人。The Greens / The Wangs）用在乐器前。Play the piano）用在某些固定搭配中。In the morning (afternoon, evening)On the left / rightOn the one hand on the other handIn the end , in the daytime , by the way , in the middle of , the day before yesterdayZero article ）在

22、专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词前。China lies in the east of Asia.Knowledge begins with practice.Water boils at 1000c.）在一类人或事物的复数名词前和不可数名词前表示泛指。Horses run fast.Water is changed into steam by heat and into ice by cold.）在表示季节、月份、星期、节日、学科等名词前。In spring/ summer/ autumn/ winterWe have no classes on Sunday.）称呼语或表示头衔、职务的名词前。

23、We chose him monitor of the class.What are you doing , Dad?）在三餐和球类、棋类运动名词前。Have breakfast / lunch / dinner/ supperPlay basketball / football / table tennis）在名词前已有作定语的指示代词或物主代词所修饰。At this time, in your pocket）用在某些固定搭配中。Go to school上学At school在学校Go to college上大学At table吃饭Go to hospital去看病At home在家Go t

24、o town进城In fact事实上From morning till night从早到晚In class在课堂上Learnby heart熟记Go to bed去睡觉From door to door挨家挨户Prepositionabout关于A discussion about the plan大约For about four daysas作为Work as a teacher与。一样The same age asat价格At that price次数At a time速度At 50 miles an hourby被，由A novel written by Lu Xun用方法手段By ai

25、r mail or by ordinary mail乘By bus / train / planefor表示目的Make a cake for me表示原因Did it for two reasons表示对象Its + adj. for sb. 要求得到Go to their teachers for advicein用语言In English用原材料In blue ink表示衣着In red以。方式In this waylike像。Like thatLook likeof关于。的The population of China表示年龄A girl of 15表示数量和种类A group of

26、boys用。制造Be made of wood。中Of all the subjectsfrom来自A present from my friend用。制造Be made from treeson通过On Channel 8去。路上On ones way home处于。情况中On fire关于A book on the history of Chinato表示对象Pass the plate to him表示结果To ones joy/surprisewith和。一起Have dinner with me表示工具Cut the wood with a knife具有、带有Invent the

27、first plane with an engine由于、因为With the help without没有Without a ticket1. in, on, at 时间at: 点 at ten oclock, at noonin: 段 in the afternoon , in March, in spring, in 1998 on: 特定 on Sunday , on July 7th 2. at, in, on 地点 at: 小 at home , at school in: 大 in Shanghaion: 面、线上接触 on the desk3. in, on, toin: 之内

28、的方位Shanghai is in the east of China.To: 之外的方位 Japan is to the east of China.On: 比邻的关系 Shanghai is on the north of Zhejiang Province.4. by, with, in, on 方法、手段、工具 by: 乘 by bus / trainby: 用 by hand , by air mailon: 方式 on the radio, on TVwith: 用。工具 with a nailin: 用。材料、语言、声音 write in ink, speak in French, in a low voice5. in, after 在。以后in: 段（将来时）in a month, in an hourafter: 段（过去时） after a year=a year later6. for, duringfor: 表示时间的数字，说明一个动作或状态的继续 for a termduring: 表示不大确定的时间 during my holidays7. above, be