学年高二上学期英语期末复习大串讲专题04 重难短语详解必修5解析版.docx

1、学年高二上学期英语期末复习大串讲专题04 重难短语详解必修5解析版1. contribute to vt.& vi. 引起，导致；有助于，对有贡献【句型】contribute.to.把贡献给；向投稿contribute to.导致；有助于【例句】Eating too much fat can contribute to heart disease and cause high blood pressure.摄入太多的脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压的发生。I was asked to contribute to a newspaper article making predictions for th

2、e new year.我受邀为报纸撰写一篇文章,对新的一年进行预测。Im sure your suggestion will contribute to solving the problem.我相信你的建议一定有助于问题的解决。【拓展】contribution n.贡献；捐款；稿件make a contribution to.对做出贡献【例句】The government should honor the engineer for the contribution he has made to the citys development.政府应为那位工程师对这座城市的发展所做出的贡献给予他荣

3、誉。Her contribution to the research went largely unacknowledged. 她对这项研究的贡献大都被忽略了。We made a contribution to the famine relief fund. 我们给饥荒赈济基金捐了款。His new contribution to the advancement of physiology was well appreciated.他对生理学发展的新贡献获得高度赞赏。【小试牛刀】Overeating and lack of regular exercise easily _ overweigh

4、t and high blood pressure.A. result from B. live withC. consist of D. contribute to【答案】D2. put forward 提出(建议)；推荐；将提前【句型】put forward 提出；推荐；把（钟表等）拨快；将提前【例句】I tend to accept any idea put forward by experts on TV.我易于接受电视上专家所提出的任何观点。They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.他们将婚礼日期提前了一周

5、。Over the years several similar theories have been put forward. 几年来已经有好几个类似理论相继提出。【拓展】put aside把放在一边；储存以备用；不考虑put away把放好；储存以备用；处理掉put down放下；评定；制止；卸下；降低put off推迟；阻止；脱掉；使分心；关掉put on把放在上；穿上；装出；增加；上演；打开put out放出；生产；发布；熄灭；困扰；麻烦put up举起；进行；建造；接待；张贴；暂住put up with / bear / stand / tolerate容忍；忍受put through

6、接通电话；完成；使经受put in 插话；添上【例句】It is wise to have some money put away / aside for old age.存些钱养老是明智的做法。I can put up with the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean.我可以忍受房间乱点儿,但我讨厌它不干净。The teacher training college put up a plaque to the colleges founder. 那所教师培训学院为该学院的创立者立了一块纪念牌匾。You will have

7、to put up with Graces absent-mindedness. 你须得忍受格蕾丝心不在焉的作风。【小试牛刀】None of the travelers paid attention to the advice _ by the villager. As a result, they got lost in the forest.A. put aside B. put forwardC. put down D. put out放在一边,忽视,存钱”, B项“提出”, C项“记下,放下, 使下车”, D项“扑灭”。3. make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通【句型】make

8、 sense of 理解,明白make no sense 没道理,没意义【例句】It makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.在失控前尽力解决这个问题,这么做是明智的。Planning so far ahead makes no senseso many things will have changed by next year.提前这么久做计划没有意义到第二年许多事情都会发生变化。【拓展】There is no sense in doing sth. 做没道理in a sense 在某一方面;就某种意义

9、来说in no sense 决不【例句】There is no sense in my painting the door if were going to replace it later.如果我们打算以后把门换掉,那我给它上漆就毫无意义了。In no sense are people allowed to hunt wild animals for their meat or fur.决不能允许人们猎杀野生动物以获取它们的肉或皮毛。You are right in a sense, but you dont know all the facts.在某种意义上你是对的, 但你不了解全部的事实

10、。【小试牛刀】What she referred to was so confusing that they could hardly make any _ of it.A. message B. Information C. understanding D. sense【答案】D4. apart from除了之外【句型】apart from短语介词，后须跟名词、代词、动名词等，在意思上既可以表示从整体中去除部分，相当于except，又可以表示除了之外还有别的内容，相当于besides。【例句】Apart from the regular housing，almost every tribe

11、had some style of housing.除了常规的房舍，每个部落都有自己的一些建筑风格。Apart from criminal investigation techniques, students learn forensic medicine, philosophy and logic. 除罪案调查技巧外，学生们还要学习法医学、哲学和逻辑学。【拓展】易混词（组）辨析例句besides“除了之外，还有”，指“在整体中加入一部分”I think she has many good qualities besides being very beautiful. 我觉得她不但长得非常漂亮

12、，而且还有很多优秀品质。There was only one person besides Ford who knew Julia Jameson. 除了福特以外，只有一个人认识朱莉娅詹姆森。except从所提到的人或事物中除去，即从整体中除去一部分The snow, except where it drifted, was only calf-deep.除了吹得堆积起来的地方，雪只有小腿肚深。except for表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，起部分修正主要意思的作用；表示非同类事物间进行比较；置于句首，表达except的含义I sold everything I owned exc

13、ept for my car and my books.我把我所有的东西都卖掉了，只剩下汽车和书。apart from既可表示besides，也可以表示except或except for，还可以表示without的意思Apart from / Besides / In addition to the cost, the dress doesnt suit me.姑且不论价格，这件衣服不适合我。It is a good book，apart from / except for the torn cover.除了封面破了，它是本好书。but在意思上相当于except，但常用在不定代词或疑问词后面i

14、n addition相当于副词besides，表示“另外”；in addition to相当于介词besidesIn addition to French, he has to study Japanese.除了法语外，他还得学日语。【小试牛刀】_ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.A. Far from B. Apart fromC. Instead of D. Regardless of apart from除了;far from完全不;instead of代替,

15、而不是;regardless of不管,不顾。根据句意可知,正确答案为B项。5. break away from.挣脱.的束缚；脱离；打破应试指导 “break副词”类语境词义辨析break down出故障；失败；垮掉；分解break up粉碎；解散；放假；断绝关系break out（战争、火灾等）爆发；突然开始；break out doing sth.break through取得突破；克服break into破门而入；突然开始【例句】The man broke away from guards. 那个男人挣脱了警卫。The TV broke down again.电视又出故障了。【小试牛刀】选择方框内的短语填空(1)His car _on his way to work yesterday.(2)H