考研英语353.docx

1、考研英语353考研英语-353(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Section Use of English(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、In 1971 a team of experts prepared a report entitled The Limits of Growth, based (1) a computer analysis of future economic trends.(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.andB.orC.neitherD.but解析：eitheror为固定结构，表示“不是就是”。2.（分数：0.50）A.re

2、duceB.increaseC.compareD.match解析：reduce pollution意为“减少污染”。3.（分数：0.50）A.toB.ofC.byD.with解析：adoption of measures采取措施，表示动宾关系。4.（分数：0.50）A.byB.inC.onD.at解析：succeedin为固定搭配，表示“成功，达到”。5.（分数：0.50）A.inB.toC.byD.way解析：lead to为固定搭配，意为“通往，通向”。如，The path leads to the village这条小路通到那村庄。6.（分数：0.50）A.necessarilyB.ev

3、entuallyC.timelyD.doubtfully解析：从上下文看，以上因素会最终使资源枯竭。故eventually最终”符合题意。7.（分数：0.50）A.onB.secondC.lastlyD.in addition解析：由于前面用了关联词first，为对应，应使用second，意为“首先”，“第二”。8.（分数：0.50）A.sometimeB.sometimesC.some timeD.some times解析：(A)sometime“某一时候”；(B)sometimes“不时，有时”；(C)sometime“在未来的某时”(D)sometimes“几次”。该句表示未来某个时候，

4、故(C)应为答案。9.（分数：0.50）A.byB.atC.toD.on解析：参见题2。表示“根据，按照”应用by。10.（分数：0.50）A.thatB.whichC.oneD.experts解析：该句应为非限定性定语从句，应该填人一个关系代词，只能用which，同时与前一which引导的从句对应。11.（分数：0.50）A.because ofB.apart fromC.in addition toD.in spite of解析：从上下文看应表示原因，故应填入because of。12.（分数：0.50）A.SoB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Though解析：该句意为，尽管是

5、用温和的语言所描绘，但由该调查得出的结论令人震惊。分句明显应为转折关系。13.（分数：0.50）A.howeverB.furthermoreC.even ifD.because解析：从上下文看，这里应该是一个表示让步的状语从句，evenr“即使，尽管”符合要求。14.（分数：0.50）A.namelyB.consequentlyC.moreoverD.as a result解析：后面的内容是对前面内容的进一步说明，故namely“就是说”符合题意。15.（分数：0.50）A.AssumingB.In caseC.Apart fromD.In addition解析：assume“假定，假设”，常

6、常用于句首，引导一表示假设内容的从句。如，Assuming the houseisforsale，wouldyoubuy it?假如那座房子出售，你要买吗?16.（分数：0.50）A.the lessB.the slowerC.the soonerD.the fewer解析：该句意为，它们被开发得越快，耗尽也越快。the soonerthesooner意为“越快，就越”17.（分数：0.50）A.atB.byC.onD.in解析：baseon为固定搭配，意为“基于”。18.（分数：0.50）A.howeverB.thoughC.providingD.even if解析：该句明显为转折关系，填人

7、成分应为一副词，只有however符合要求。19.（分数：0.50）A.onB.byC.inD.for解析：depend后面接on，但句中on被置于whose votes前，后面应填入for，表用途，表示这些选票“用于政治支持”。20.（分数：0.50）A.atB.toC.byD.in解析：at the rate of为固定搭配，表示“以的速度”，which前面可加介词。三、Section Reading Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.From the first se

8、ntence of the passage, we learn that_（分数：2.00）A.acid rain has caused air pollutionB.acid rain has caused widespread environmental damageC.acid, rain has become a much studied subjectD.acid rain travels in all directions before it rains down解析：第一段第一句指出，酸雨是空气污染的一种形式，由于其所造成的普遍环境损害，最近人们对它展开了激烈的争论。22.The

9、 second paragraph is mainly about_（分数：2.00）A.the origin of acid rainB.the cause of acid rainC.the formation .of acid rainD.the widespread damage of acid rain解析：第二段第三句概括了本段内容：然而，酸雨对环境的广泛破坏在近几年很明显。23.Acid fog_（分数：2.00）A.falls down when the atmosphere is moistB.is not as frequent as acid rainC.often fa

10、lls in the region of Manchester, EnglandD.is as damaging as acid rain解析：第一段第三句指出，污染同样会以雪、雾等干燥的形式降落地面。最后一句指出，干燥形式的沉积物对环境的损害与液体形式一样。24.Governments_（分数：2.00）A.deny that industries causes acid rainB.admit that they are only partly responsibleC.claim that they are the main sources of pollutionD.think tha

11、t the cause of acid rain needs further study解析：第三段第二句后半句指出，由于减少环境污染的高成本，政府倾向于支持企业的观点，即作进一步的研究。25.Why is acid rain little understood?_（分数：2.00）A.Because it is a new phenomenonB.Because it is not frequent enoughC.Because its formation is complexD.Because it is difficult to study it解析：第三段第二句指出，由于大气中酸雨形

12、成的化学反应很复杂，几乎不为人们所了解。六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The main idea of the passage is best expressed by which of the following? _（分数：2.00）A.Business organizations should not spend so much money to attract new customersB.Maintaining customers patronage is the most important to business organizationsC.Custom

13、ers are kingsD.Organizations should pay more attention to the benefit of their customers解析：第一段第一句指出，一些商业组织的奇怪事情是他们花许多钱去招揽新顾客，但不在乎他们是否再回头光顾。文章围绕顾客是否再光顾展开讨论，认为是商业成败与否的关键。27.The author might probably disagree with which of the following statements?_（分数：2.00）A.Some errors and failures are unavoidableB.B

14、oth an organization and their customer are responsible for certain errorC.An attitude of indifference towards their customers might result in a heavy loss of profitD.Only regular customers deserve good treatment解析：第二段倒数第二句指出，保持顾客光顾是一个态度问题，要确信每一个到你这来买东西的顾客都有资格得到你提供的最好的服务。这明显与(D)冲突。28.What does the au

15、thor imply in the sentence“The old saw that all customers should be treatedalike is a myth”?_（分数：2.00）A.Its not real that customers should be treated equalB.Its not true that all customers are treated equalC.Customers received equal treatment in the pastD.Its an old story that customers were treated

16、 equal解析：该句意为“有一句古老的格言说，对所有的顾客必须一视同仁”，这是荒诞的说法。作者举例说明经常大量订购商品的顾客会受到更多的注意。29.Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the second paragraph? _（分数：2.00）A.Customers should always be well servicedB.Without loyal customers an organization might go bankruptC.Companies can employ custofners to ad

17、vertise their productsD.It is difficult for large organizations to provide their customers with good service解析：第二段第一句指出，忠实的顾客是保护企业不破产的惟一措施，因为忽视和冷淡而失去顾客是最大的过错。30.The word “identify” in the fourth paragraph is the same as _（分数：2.00）A.noticeB.distinguishC.describeD.recognize解析：第四段最后一句指出，偶尔顾客不能清楚地认识产品或需

18、要的服务，也不应该受到责备。identify“识别”与recognize“识别”同义。七、Text 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.Which of the following is NOT true?_（分数：2.00）A.Flat rate benefits are based on the contributions one has madeB.One automatically has thee right to fiat rate benefits regardless of contributions madeC.If one is out of work, he can

19、get the fiat rate benefitsD.If the government decides one is below the minimum standard of living, supplementary benefits are provided.解析：第一段第三句指出，享受住房补贴率的前提是有过贡献；第四句提到，失业者属于此列；第六句提到，生活在最低生活水平者政府也给予补贴。故(A)、(C)、(D)项均为正确。(B)文中末提到。32.The new approach to the social security system will spend_（分数：2.00）A.

20、over 45% of the health authority expenditureB.less on care of the elderlyC.almost 30% of the public expenditureD.one-third of the public expenditure解析：第三段第一句指出，现政府在计划一种新的社会保障系统，它约占公共开支的三分之一。33.To get flat rate benefits one needs_（分数：2.00）A.to claimB.details of his capital assets and source of income

21、C.certain number of contributionD.nothing解析：从题1可知，享受住房补贴率的前提是有过贡献。34.Which benefits have to be demanded?_（分数：2.00）A.UnemploymentB.Flat rateC.SupplementaryD.None of the above解析：第一段倒数第二句指出，这些福利(指补助金)必须提出要求，个人要提交收入和财产的详细清单。35.Owing to the efforts of the originators of the Welfare State_（分数：2.00）A.the l

22、iving standard had been greatly improvedB.the cost of living has been improvedC.people can live a longer lifeD.Both A and C解析：第二段第二句指出，福利国家发起人要努力使人们的生活水平提高，寿命延长。八、Text 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.It is said in the third paragraph that Abraham Lincoln_（分数：2.00）A.was anti-socialB.learned little from his frien

23、dsC.had few friendsD.knew very few doctors解析：第三段第一句和最后一句指出，他没有与他同甘共苦的人，小镇上的人也不了解他。37.We may say in general that Lincoln was_（分数：2.00）A.a failure because of his ignoranceB.a man who triumphed over his disadvantagesC.an exceptionally successful and well-educated personD.an illiterate man, but with som

24、e natural talents解析：从全文不难看出，林肯是在逆境中成长起来的具有自己特点的伟人。38.The habit of reflection helped Lincoln_（分数：2.00）A.to develop independenceB.to become more opinionatedC.to attain clear convictionsD.to become a hesitant person解析：第四段第二、三、四句指出，孤独不但培养了他的自信，同时使他养成了思考的习惯。他将自己所了解的一切变成他的特点。他的自信具有清楚和连贯的特点。39.The implicat

25、ion of the second paragraph is that Abraham Lincoln_（分数：2.00）A.was illiterateB.was never educatedC.was never provided with any regular educationD.behaved rudely when he was young解析：第二段第一句指出，林肯生于非常贫困的家庭，从未受过任何教育。40.We are also told that Abraham Lincoln_（分数：2.00）A.never cared much for readingB.did muc

26、h reading when he was youngC.never had much chance to readD.became an enthusiastic reader when he was grown up解析：第二段第二句指出，他甚至没有学习和培训的书本。九、Part B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Applicants who have never been issued a passport in their own name must execute an application in person before (1) a passport agent; (2) a

27、 clerk of any federal court or state court of record or a judge or clerk of any probate court accepting applications; (3) a postal employee designated by the postmaster at a post office that has been selected to accept passport applications; or (4) a U.(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：F）解析：空白

28、处后面第一句为一条件从句，意为“如果申请人以前没有护照而又出生在美国，一般要向主管护照申请的部门提交出生证明副件。”可推知前面空白处应该与护照和出生有关，而(F)提到以前颁发护照的问题，与该条件从句有前后逻辑关系。42.（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：A）解析：空白处后面句子指出，“通知必须具有最易取得的二级证据，诸如洗礼证明或医院出生记录等。”由于 “Thenotice”有定冠词，所以前面句子一定提到过该通知，而(A)符合此要求。43.（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：C）解析：本段提到，移民来的公民如果以前没有护照必须出具人国籍证明。出生国外但父母是本土出生或移民的人申请

29、美国国籍必须正式提交移民局颁发的公民身份证书；或是由国家机关颁发的领事出生报告或国外出生证明。所填内容应该是与这些证明和文件相关的内容，而(C)明显与此内容相关。44.（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：E）解析：本段第一句是一个用if引导的条件句，说明如果公民身份是来自具有公民身份的父母需要提交一些文件。而(E)中也是由If引导，说明如果公民身份是来自移民父母,则还需要提交永久性居住证明。两句在结构上对称，内容上相关，故应为答案。45.（分数：2.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：G）解析：本段叙述申请护照需要注意的时间问题，认为最好能提前申请，而三月到九月是护照申请办公部门最繁忙的时候，可能会等几周才会接受你的申请。很明显，空白部分