最新人教版新目标九年级英语第1315单元知识点归纳很实用.docx

1、最新人教版新目标九年级英语第1315单元知识点归纳很实用 Unit 13-Unit15单元重难点句子讲解1. Id rather go to the Blue Lagoon Restaurant. 我宁愿去Blue Lagoon餐厅，would rather意为“宁愿”，表示句子主语的愿望、选择，后接省去to的不定式。Hed rather join you in the English Group. 他宁愿加入到你的英语小组中来。Which would you rather have, bread or rice? 面包和米饭，你更喜欢哪一个？如果表示“宁愿（可）也不愿”则用句型would r

2、ather.than.。在would rather和than后面所连接的两个对比部分一般要一致。The brave soldier would rather die than give in.那个勇敢的士兵宁死不屈。Hed rather work than play. 他宁愿工作也不愿玩。They preferred to die of hunger rather than take his bread.他们宁愿饿死也不愿接受他的面包。2. Loud music makes me happy. (P103)嘈杂的音乐使我很开心。Loud music always makes me want t

3、o dance. (P103)嘈杂的音乐总是使我想去跳舞。这两句是动词make的使役用法，make me后分别接了形容词和不定式短语。make的这种用法常见于以下结构： make+名词（代词）+省略to的动词不定式My parents often make me do some other homework. 我父母常让我做些其他的作业。特别提示这一结构中的不定式短语在主动结构中是宾语补足语，必须省去to，变为被动结构时，不定式短语作主语补足语，这时必须带to。She was made to work for the night shift. 她不得不上夜班。make+名词/代词+-ed分词短

4、语What made them so frightened?什么使他们这样害怕？Can you make yourself understood in English?你能用英语把意思表达清楚吗？make+名词/代词+介词短语或名词短语She made him her assistant. 她委派他做自己的助手。Sit down and make yourselves at home, everyone.大家请坐，不要拘束。make+名词（代词）+形容词或形容词短语。The good news made us happy. 这条好消息使我们很高兴。4. However, some advert

5、ising can be confusing or misleading. (P106)可是，一些广告可能会混淆黑白或误导消费。confusing与misleading是两个现在分词，相当于形容词，意思分别是“感到混消的”和“误导的”，在句中作表语，主语通常是表示物的名词或代词，如本句中的用法；也可以用作定语，既可修饰表示人的名词或代词，也可以修饰表示物的名词或代词。They can be some confusing or misleading advertisements.它们可能是一些混淆黑白或误导消费的广告。What he said made us confusing.他说的话令我们感

6、到困惑。3. . small restaurants can serve many people every day. (P104)小饭店每天就可以多接待些顾客。句中的serve 有“服侍，侍候，招待”等意思，常用于以下结构中： serve+宾语They were busy serving the days last buyers.他们正忙着接待这天的最后一批顾客。Nobody can serve two masters. 一人不能侍奉二主。 serve sb sth, 或serve sth to sbMrs Turner served us a very good dinner.=Mrs T

7、urner served a very good dinner to us.特纳太太招待我们吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。 serve sb with sthWe served them with beer and wine. 我们用啤酒和红酒招待他们。6. To start with, it was raining, and rainy days make me sad. (P107)起初，天在下雨，雨天使我心情很不好。 start with作“首先”解时，只用于动词不定式，在句中常常以插入语的形式出现。To start with, the computer room must be kept ver

8、y clean.首先，计算机工作室必须保持清洁。Our group had five members, to start with.刚开始，我们小组只有五个人。 start with可表示“从开始”；“先从某事做起”，与begin.with是同义词组。反义词组是end with“以结束”。He started/began with the aim of injuring others only to end up by ruining himself.他本想损害别人，结果只害了自己。The meeting ended with a speech given by the chairman.会议

9、以主席的讲话结束。He wanted to start/begin with the smallest country and end with the largest one.他打算先去最小的国家，最后去最大的国家。 start单独使用时，意为“开始”，可用作及物动词或不及物动词。用作及物动词时，其后跟名词、代词，也可跟动词不定式或动名词形式。begin是start的同义词，两者在用法上没有很大差别，只是start侧重动作的突然开始。As soon as we got there, it started raining.我们一到那儿就下雨了。When did we start/begin t

10、his lesson?我们是什么时候开始讲这一课的？5. At times an ad can lead you to buy something you dont need at all.(P106) 有时，一则广告会诱导你去买你根本就不需要的东西。at times意为“有时，不时”，与sometimes同义。两者在句中的位置较灵活，可位于句首，句中或句末。At times I make mistakes when I speak English. 我说英语时有时会出错。They went to town at times during the cold winter.在寒冷的冬天，他们有时

11、候进城去。Sometimes they walk to school. 有时候，他们步行上学。He sometimes plays football with his friends. 他有时和朋友一起踢足球。8. I prefer to receive a gift. (P108)我宁愿接受一件礼物。prefer表示选择时，可用两种句型。（1）prefer+名词或动名词+to+名词或动名词。They prefer red to blue.与蓝色相比，他们更喜欢红色。I preferred doing something to doing nothing.我喜欢做点什么，而不喜欢闲着。（2）p

12、refer+不定式或名词+rather than+不带to的动词不定式。He preferred to walk there rather than go by bus.他喜欢走着去那儿，不喜欢乘公共汽车。She prefers to read rather than sit idle.她喜欢读书而不愿闲坐着。7. .some people would rather just give money.(P108)有些宁愿只给钱。句中的would rather是would rather.than.的省略形式，意为“宁愿而不”，表示主观愿望。使用这一结构，要注意两个比较的部分对等。You would

13、 also rather stay at home and read a good book than go to a party.你宁愿待在家里看一本好书也不愿去参加舞会。I would rather have the small one than the big one.我宁愿要小的，不要大的。特别提示：比较的部分如果是动词，than后应是动词原形。Unit 14 2. In the past twelve months, theyve had three major concerts and made a hit CD. 在过去的十二个月里，他们举办了三场较大的音乐会，出版了一张很受欢迎

14、的CD唱片。（1）“in the past+时间段”常用于完成时的句子中，表示“在过去的时间里”，past是形容词，可以用last来替换，而past/last的后面通常要使用“数字+名词”的结构。In the past/last two years, she has studied English very hard.在过去的两年里，她一直在努力地学英语。（2）短语make a hit表示“大获成功”、“（演出等）大受欢迎；受到赞扬”等，hit是名词，表示成功而风行一时的事物，如电影，歌曲，演出等。Zhou Jielun has just made a hit CD. 周杰伦刚出版了一盘轰动一

15、时的CD。His song was a great hit. 他的歌曲轰动一时。He made a great hit in teaching. 他曾在教学上获得了巨大的成功。1. Sorry I couldnt get back to you sooner. (P112)很抱歉我没能尽快给你回复。这是在E-mail message回复中的常用语,句中“get back to sb”的意思是“以后再答复”。I cant give you a definite answer now but Ill get back to you about it soon.我现在不能给你一个明确的回答，但我很快

16、会给你答复的。4. Be sure not to miss them if they come to a city near you if you can get tickets, that is. (P114)如果他们来到你附近的城市，千万不要错过当然，如果你能弄到票的话。（1）句中的that is表示“确切地；换句话说；也就是”，用来表达一个准确的说法，即对前面的内容加以准确地说明。Shes a housewife when shes not teaching English, that is.她是个家庭主妇是指她不教英语的时候。（2）句中miss是“错过”，后接名词、代词或v-ing形式

17、，不可接不定式。They missed the train by two minutes.他们差两分钟没赶上火车。I came late and missed seeing the beginning of the movie.我来晚了，没有看见电影的开始部分。miss还可表示“丢失”、“失去”，与lose同义。3. And then theyre going to go on a world tour in which they will perform in ten different cities. (P114)然后，他们将去世界各地旅行并在十个城市巡回演出。.in which they

18、 will perform in ten different cities是定语从句，先行词是tour,在关系代词which前介词in通常的位置是在动词perform的后面。本句为了避免与in two different cities短语中的in重复，将perform后的第一个in前置。句中perform 主要指扮演角色，演奏某种乐器，演出某一节目，侧重能力，技巧，效果，可用 作及物动词和不及物动词。The magician performed wonderful tricks. 魔术师表演了精彩的魔术。He performs perfectly on the piano. 他的钢琴演奏太棒了

19、。6. .as a part of the “In Search of Roots” summer camp program. (P116)作为“寻根”夏令营活动的一部分。in search for是固定短语,for 后面的名词同样必须是“寻找的目标”，不是“搜寻的对象”。search前常出现a 或ones等词对search加以限定或修饰，这个短语也常作目的状语。The soldiers were sent in a search for the missing aircraft. 士兵们被派去搜寻失踪的飞机。So far, they have been unlucky in their se

20、arch for gold and have no money at all.到现在为止，他们寻找金子的运气一直不好，而且他们身上也没钱了。知识拓展search的基本用法（1）search的动词用法。 search不与介词或副词搭配时是及物动词，表示“搜查”的意思，其后通常接处所或人物名词，表示搜查的对象。He even searched my home without any reason.他甚至毫无理由地搜查了我的家。Ive searched my memory, but cant remember that mans name.我苦思良久，仍然记不起那人的名字。They searched

21、 every part of the building. 他们对全楼进行了搜查。 search用不及物动词，后面接介词for 和after，构成及物性动词短语，两者是“搜寻，寻找”的意思，表示花费极大的气力去搜寻某个特定的目标，常含有对立或不对立的意味，两者可以通用，只不过search for 更常见些。For a whole day they searched for/after the lost child.他们找了一天这个丢失的孩子。5. .but we really hope to have a number one hit some day. (P114)但是我们真的希望有朝一日我们

22、制作出能卖得最好的一首歌。some day意为“将来某一日”，等于someday,与one day是近义词。some day/someday只表示将来，不表示过去。而one day用在过去时的句子里是“有一天”的意思，用在将来时的句子里是“将有一天”，与some day/someday可互换。He will be a scientist some day.总有一天他会成为科学家。I hope to see you one day/someday.我希望有一天会看到你。One day last summer they made a trip to the country.去年夏天某日他们到乡间旅

23、行。试译：你一定要有一天来看我。You must come one day to see me.You must come some day to see me.You must come to see me someday.他有一天来看了我。误：He came some day to see me.正：He came one day to see me.8. Most, like Robert, can hardly speak any Chinese, and have never been to China before. (P116) 像罗伯特一样，大多数人几乎都不会说中文，而且以前从

24、来没有到过中国。（1）hardly是一个否定副词，表示“几乎不，简直不”，相当于almost not，含有否定的意义，故在句中不能另加否定词。切莫将hardly误认为是由hard+ly构成的副词。此外，hardly 位于句首时，要用倒装语序。I hardly know what to say. 我简直不知道说什么好。Hardly can I move this heavy desk. 我简直移不动这张重桌子。 Can you catch what I said?你能听懂我说的话吗？ Sorry, I can hardly understand it.对不起，我几乎听不懂。（2）have bee

25、n后面接to表示某人“去过某地，现在已经回来了”，可用于各种人称。Have you ever been to Shanghai? 你曾经去过上海吗？He has been to America twice. 他到美国去过两次。have gone to与have been in的用法have gone 表示某人“去某地了”，不论是在途中还是到了目的地，重点是强调这个人已经不在说话人所在的地方了，常用于第三人称；have been in，则表示一直“呆在某个地方”，常与表示一段时间状语连用。Henry has gone to London. 亨利到伦敦去了。They have been in Be

26、ijing for two weeks. 他们在北京已经有两个星期了。7. .and so far has brought thousands of overseas Chinese students. (P116) 到目前为止，它带来了成千上万的海外华裔学生so far 意思是“到目前为止”，常用于完成时，表示动作从过去开始一直延续到现在，强调到目前为止的情况,可位于句首，也可位于句末。So far, no man has traveled farther than the moon.到现在为止，还没有人到过比月球更远的地方。How many travelers have been to D

27、isneyland so far?到现在为止有多少旅客到过迪斯尼乐园？So far we havent got any news from them.到目前为止，我们还没有得到他们的任何消息。10. Thanks to In Search of Roots. (P116)多亏“寻根”【知识归纳】thanks, thanks to与thanks for的用法 thanks是名词thank的复数形式，意为“感谢”。表示“感谢”之意，可以说：Thanks a lot.Many thanks.A thousand thanks. thanks to是介词词组，后面可以接名词或代词，意为“多亏”；“由于

28、”，在句中作原因状语。Thanks to the old man, we found the lost child at last.多亏那个老人，我们最后找到了失踪的孩子。 thanks for用于对别人已做的事表示感谢，后接名词，代词，或v-ing形式。Thanks for sending me such a nice present.谢谢你寄来这么好的礼品。A thousand thanks for your help.非常感谢你的帮助。Unit 15 2. Some of the swamps have become polluted. (P119)一些沼泽地受到了污染。have bec

29、ome polluted 中的become是连系动词，polluted是过去分词。这种“系动词+过去分词”结构，意思上也接近被动语态。The slodier got wounded(接近were wounded)in the battle.这几名战士在这场战斗中受了伤。A few minutes later, the ground became/was covered with snow.几分钟后地上尽是雪。1. In 1972, it was discovered that they are endangered.(P119) 1972年，人们发现它们已经濒于灭绝。was discovere

30、d是一般过去时的被动语态，discover“发现”，近义词为find和invent。discover, invent与finddiscover指发现过去所不知道的东西，新奇或意外的东西。Coal was first discovered and used in China.中国首先发现并使用了煤。Columbus discovered America on the 12th of October, 1492.1492年10月12日，哥伦布发现了美洲。invent意为“发明”，即创造出以前从未存在过的东西。Edison invented the electric lamp.爱迪生发明了电灯。Ra

31、dio had just been invented then.那时无线电刚刚发明出来。find意为“找到”，侧重于找到过去丢失的人或物，但有时也表示凭经验或偶然发现了一种东西。Today, corn is found all over the world.今天，全世界都有了玉米。She found him a very good pupil.她发现他是个非常好的学生。有时find和discover可以互相替代，意思相同。His notebook was found/discovered in the desk.他的笔记本是在课桌里找到的。4. .and help to educate the public about caring for them. (P120)并且帮助教育公众关爱它们。care for表示“喜欢”，“关心”之意，后接名词或v-ing形式作宾语，take care of也有这个意思。He cared nothing for skating. 他对滑冰没有兴趣。In our class, we care for each other. 在我们班上，我