英语四级选词填空练习整理附详细答案.docx

1、英语四级选词填空练习整理附详细答案There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested inspelling .No school I have taught in has ever _ spelling or considered it unimportantas a basic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or howmuch _ it must be given ov

2、er general language development and writing ability. Theproblem is , how to encourage a child to express himself freely and _ in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?If spelling become the only focal point of his teachers interest, clearly a _4_child will be likely to “

3、play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range,choosing to avoid _5_ language. Thats why teachers often _6_ the early use ofdictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing abouta

4、personal experience ：“ This work is _7_ !There are far too many spelling errors andyour writing is illegible( 难以辨认的 ).” It may have been a sharP_8_ of the pupilstechnical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omittedto read the essay, which _9_ some beautiful

5、expressions of the childs deePfeelings.The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centredon the childs ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would havegiven the pupil more _10_ to seek improvement. A)priority B)criticism C)containe

6、d D)clearlyE)adventurous F ） discourage G)motivation H)terribleI)ignored J)difficult K)encourage L)expressedM)confidently N)bright O)motive L)expressed Answers: 1. 选 I ）。 由该句中的 has 可知，此处应填动词过去式，且表达的含义应和后面的 considerunimportant 相近，故应排除 contained 和 expressed而选择 ignored 。 2. 选 A ）。 此处应填名词，但能与后面 over 构成固

7、定搭配的名词只有 priority ，故排除 了 criticism 和 motivation 。 3. 选 M). 由空格前面的 and 可知，此处应填副词和 freely 并列。从句意来理解，在没有拼写困难的情况下，怎样鼓励学生自由且 地表达自己，选项中只有 confidently “自信地“符合题意。 4. 选 N ）。 很明显这里应填形容词，选项中 terrible ， difficult 后接事物名词 something ，只有 adventurous 和 bright 可用来形容 somebody （ child )，再由后面的play safe“不冒险”，可排除adventuro

8、us而选择bright。 5. 选 E ）。 由前一句中的 be likely to “ play safe ”和空格前的 avoid可以推知，此处所填词的意思应与play safe表达的意思相反，故选项中只有adventurous符合题意。 6. 选 K ）。 很明显此处应填动词的一般现在时，可选项有 encourage和 persuade 。由 Thats why 知本句与前一句构成因果关系，而前一句说的是学生往往会用他们拼写范围内的词写文章，从而选择避免用那些不会的词，故由此可推知此句应理解为老师鼓励学生用字典，因此排除 persuade 而选encourage。 7. 选 H ）。 此

9、处应填形容词。由空格后面的 too many spelling errors和illegible可知，这篇文章是写的很糟，而不是很难理解。故排除difficult而选terrible。 8. 选 B ）。 此处应填名词。由后半句中 a sad reflection on the teacher可知，前半句是在指责学生，故选项中只有criticism符合题意。 9. 选 C ）。 此处填动词过去式，本句中由 which 引导的从句是对 essay的解释，剩余选项中 contained 和 expressed ，根据句意，文章 儿童内心感受的一些好的表达，故只有 contained 符合题意。 1

10、0. 选 G ）。 此处应填名词。根据句意，如果老师更注重学生思想的表达的话，会给学生更大的动力去寻求提高；故排除 motive “动机，原因”而选 motivation 。As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is _1_ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested

11、in discussions with the employees about pay. If a firm wants to _2_ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a _3_ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be _4_, that new pay structure will need agreement between T

12、rade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of thsoe requirements is given a value, usually in points, which are _5_ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is

13、 used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their _6_ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without _7_ to an evaluation system based on points. In attempting to design a p

14、ay system, the Personnel Department should _8_ the value of each job with these in the job market. _9_, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement scheme

15、s are often chosen, for _10_ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed. Acompare Bresponsible Cuseful Dadded Efind Freference Gindirect Hmethod Isuccessful Jcombined KNecessarily Lcapacity Mability NBasically Oadopt Answers: 1.选B 此处应填形容词。原文意思为“会计部门.计算报酬”，选项

16、中的形容词responsible“负责任的”，useful“有用的”，indirect“间接的”，successful“成功的”，其中indirect不能与for连用，排除；剩余几项中只有B）responsible意义符合原句，其他均不符合，故排除。 2.选O 此处应填动词原形。本文主题就是采用一种新的工资和薪水制度时需要注意的问题，选项中的动词原形有compare“比较”，find“找到”，adopt“采纳”，分别带入原文，只有adopt最符合原文意思，故选O). 3.选H 此处应填名词。从原文看，and连接并列结构，所以要填的词应与and后面的ways意思一致，选项中的名词只有mathod

17、 = ways，故选H）method。 4.选I 此处应填形容词。上文说新的工资制度需要一套决定工作评估和衡量雇员表现的方法，说的是制度“是否有用”的问题。这句说的时新的工资制度执行过程中的问题，劳资双方先期达成一致是薪酬制度成功的必要条件。形容词useful和successful，I）seccessful更符合原文意思。 5.选D 此处应填动词。这个动词的宾语是point“分值”，把分值.起来to give a total value得出总分值，选项中有added和combined，前者指“把.相加”，后者意为“把.结合在一起”，原文指将分值相加得出总分，故D）added最符合文意。 6.选

18、M 此处应填名词。首先solve problem“解决问题”是经理们应具备的能力，选项中的capacity与ability都可以表示“能力”；前者强调的是理解的能力和接受事物的能力，而后者强调实际应用的能力，故不难判断解决问题的能力应该用M）ability。 7.选F 此处应填名词。前半句指出“因为管理工作很难评估，经理的工作得分不需要参照基于分值的评估系统决定。”without reference to为固定搭配，意思是“与.无关”。故选F）reference。 8.选A 此处应填动词原形。原句中出现了the value of each job“每种工作的价值”和these in the j

19、ob market“工作市场上的（工作价值）”，说明人事部门通过比较两种价值来计算工资制度。选项中只有compare表示“比较”，所以A）正确。 9.选K 此处应填副词，修饰整句话。“报酬要随工作表现各方面的不同而有所改变”，选项中Necessarily“必须地”与Basically“基本地”为副词，分别带入原文，“报酬.的变化是必须的”更符合上下文意思，故排除N),选K)。 10.选G 此处应填形容词。前文中提到一种情况即simple to measure the work done易于评估的工作，通常用现金奖励办法；而.measurement is difficult“难于评估的”，说明这

20、些工作人员的工作不像手工工作那么直接，因而是间接的，故选项中只有G）indirect符合原句的意思。Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always _1_ such people, but I also explain that theresa big difference between being a writer and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of _2_ and fame, notthe long hours alone a

21、t a typewriter. Youve got to want to write, I say to them, not want to be a writer.The reality is that writing is a _3_, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there arethousands more whose longing is never _4_. When I left a 20-year career in the US. Coast Guard to becom

22、e a freelancewriter(自由撰稿人), I had no _5_ at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didnt even matter that it was _6_and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and feltlike a _7_ writer.After a year or so, however, I still h

23、adnt gotten a break and began to _8_ myself. It was so hard to sell a storythat _9_ made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasnt going to be one ofthose people who die wondering, what if? I would keeo putting my dream to the test-even though it meant li

24、ving with _10_and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learn to live there.A) barely B) genuine C) rewarded D) doubtE) lonely F) poverty G) persuade H) prospectsI) uncertainty J)impossibly K) encourage L)awardedM) alone N)wealth O)cold Answers:1.选K)。 此处应填动词的原形。可选

25、项有doubt, persuade, encourage, 但由always推知，作者是在鼓励那些想要成为作家的人，而不是怀疑也不是说服，故排除doubt和persuade而选encourage。 2.选N)。由空格后的fame可知，此处应填名词。可选项有prospects和wealth，但由dreaming of 与第二段中The reality is. poor-paying可推知，那些想当作家的人梦想的是金钱和名誉，而不是前途，故排除prospects而选wealth。 3.选E)。此处应填形容词，private, poor-paying一起修饰affair。选项中有lonely和alo

26、ne,能修饰affair的只有lonely,alone表示“孤独的”时，通常作表语，故排除alone而选lonely。 4.选C)。此处应填动词的被动形式。可选项有rewarded和awarded,前者可表示“（为所希望的举动得到的）回报”，后者作动词时表示“颁发，授予”，故只有rewarded符合题意而排除awarded。 5.选H)。此处应填名词。“当我辞别了我在美国海岸警卫队20年工作成为一个自由撰稿人时，没有任何.可言”，可选项有prospects和wealth，但wealth一般指抽象意义上的“金钱”，因此排除wealth而选prospects“前途”。 6.选O)。it指代的是ap

27、artment building，从had no bathroom可知这个公寓条件很差，选项中只有cold能说明公寓的条件差，故选择O)cold。 7.选B)。“我马上买了一台旧的手动打字机，感觉自己就好像是一个.的作家”，由前面提到的to become a freelance writer可推知，此处作者是想成为一个真正的作家，故选项中只有genuine“真正的”符合题意。 8.选D)。由空格前的to可知，此处应填动词的原形。可选项有doubt,persuade,encourage,但由still hadnt gotten a break在写作上还没有任何进展”，所以此处应理解为他开始怀疑自

28、己的选择是否正确，故doubt符合文意。 9.选A)。that从句结构完整，后面有made，故此处应填副词。可选项有barely和impossibly，因that引导的从句是对story的解释，再由hard一词可推知，此处应填的副词应表达肯定的意思，故排除impossibly而选barely“仅仅，刚刚”。 10.选I)。由空格后的and可知，此处应填名词。由fear of failure可知，所填词应表示不好的境遇，可选项有poverty和uncertainty;又由fear可推知，此处强调的是生活的变化无常，而不是生活的贫困，故选uncertainty。Britain is not jus

29、t one country and one people; even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several _1_ parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character and cultural _2_. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to _3_ to

30、 England because their inhabitants are not _4_ English. They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is _5_ to the others. These cultural minorities(少数民族) have been Britains original inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to _6_

31、 their national characteristics, and their particular customs and way of life. This is probably even more ture of the _7_ areas where traditional ife has not been so affected by the _8_ of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots could rather _9_ about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic _10_ as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such as t