考研英语一真题及答案解析.docx

1、考研英语一真题及答案解析2017年考研英语一（答案及解析）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) from each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding yes! _1_ helping you feel close and _2

2、_to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a _3_ of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you _4_ getting sick this winter.In a recent study _5_ over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in pennsylvania exa

3、mined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs _6_ the participants susceptibility to developing the common cold after being _7_ to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come _8_ with a cold, and the researchers _9_ that the stress-reducing

4、 effects of hugging _10_ about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. _11_ among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe _12_.Hugging protects people who are under stress from the _13_ risk for colds thats usually_14_ with stress,

5、 Notes sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging is a marker of intimacy and helps _15_ the feeling that others are there to help _16_difficulty.Some experts _17_ the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often calledthe bonding hormone _1

6、8_ it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it_19_ in the brain, where it _20_ mood, behavior and physiology.1. ABe

7、sidesBUnlikeCThroughoutDDespite2. AequalBrestrictedCconnectedDinferior3. AviewBhostClessonDchoice4. AavoidBforgetCrecallDkeep5. AcollectingBaffectingCguidingDinvolving6. AonBinCatDof7. AdevotedBattractedClostDexposed8. AalongBacrossCdownDout9. AimaginedBdeniedCdoubtedDcalculated10. AservedBrestoredC

8、explainedDrequired11. AThusBStillCRatherDEven12. AdefeatsBsymptomsCerrorsDtests13. AhighlightedBincreasedCcontrolledDminimized14. ApresentedBequippedCassociatedDcompared15. AassessBgenerateCmoderateDrecord 16. Ain the name of B in the form of C in the face of D in the way of17. AattributeBcommitCtra

9、nsferDreturn18. AunlessBbecauseCthoughDuntil19. AremainsBemergesCvanishesDdecreases20. AexperiencesBcombinesCjustifiesDinfluences完型答案： 1-5: ACBAD 6-10: ADCDC 11-15: DBBCB 16-20:CABADSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text b

10、y choosing A, B, C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours, now three hours this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans

11、are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security

12、in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans economic and private lives, not to mentioninfuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration(TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons bot

13、h fake and real past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicagos O Hare International. It is not yet clear

14、how much more effective airline security has become but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for sc

15、reening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly disputethis.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCh

16、eck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. TSA wants to enroll 25 million people i

17、n PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreChecks fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level.

18、 But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the progra

19、m work.21. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned toA explain Americans tolerance of current security checks.B stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.C highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports.D emphasize the importance of privacy protection.答案 A答案解释 根据题干关键词 The

20、Crash of EgyptAir Flight 804 定位到第一段第 3 句。该句提到埃及航空公司的 804 航班被击落又一次提醒了为什么要进行安检。该句的前两句提到了美国的大型机场对旅客提出了更多的安检要求，但旅客为了安全愿意忍受耗时的安检程序。所以 A 符合文意。22. Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports?A New restrictions on carry-on bags.B The declining efficiency of the TSA.C An increase in th

21、e number of travellers.D Frequent unexpected secret checks.答案 C答案解释 根据题干关键词 long wait 定位到第二段第 2 句。这句话中提到加强的安全措施和航空旅游的数量的增加导致了大型机场的 long wait。题干中用 contribute to，原文中用同义短语 result in。选项 C 中的 an increase in the number of travellers 和原文中的 rise inairline travel 意思相同。儿加强安全措施在其它几个选项都没提到过。故正确选项为 C。23. The wor

22、d “expedited” (Liner 4, Para. 5) is closet in meaning to A quieter. B cheaper. C wider. D faster.答案 D答案解释 应该出上下文中推断出单词的意思。题干关键词 expedited 出现在第五段的第 2 句话，这句话指出那些背景审核合格的乘客才能走 expedited 筛查过道。后句解释这使得 TSA 能把注意力集中在那些高风险的旅客身上，以节省大家的时间。D 选项 faster 更快，是原文中 saving time 的同义词替换。故正确选项为 D。24. One problem with the

23、PreCheck program is A a dramatic reduction of its scale.B its wrongly-directed implementation.C the governments reluctance to back it.D an unreasonable price for enrollment.答案 D答案解释 提干中的关键词 One problem with the PreCheck program 可以定位在文中第六段第 2 句话，该句提到自从一开始预先检查的价格标签一直是致命的缺陷，文中的 fatal flaw 是题干中的 problem

24、 的同义置换，下文中有进一步说明接下来的改革可能会使价格调整到一个更合理的水平。根据这两句话，可以推断出现在 PreCheck program 的价格是不合理的。选项 D 符合文意。 25. Which of the following would be the best for the text?A Less Screening for More SafetyB PreCheck a Belated SolutionC Getting Stuck in Security LinesD Underused PreCheck Lanes答案 C答案解释 文中第一段提到权威人士建议在美国大型机场搭

25、乘国内航班现在要提前三个小时候机，第二段第一句又进一步提到美国人愿意忍受这种耗时的安检程序，第三段的第二句话说加强安全措施和航空旅游人数的增加导致了在大型机场的长时间候机，第五、六段提出了通过了现在的 PreCheck program 来解决长时间候机问题在价格方面的缺陷。在最后一段又重申，大多数的旅客依然遭遇不必要的排队候机问题。所以，可以看出，全文以长时间候机为主线贯穿始终，故正确答案为 C。Text 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaiis last reigning mona

26、rch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanitys view of the cosmos.At

27、 issue is the TMTs planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the worlds most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Keas peak rises above the bulk

28、 of our planets dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful rem

29、inder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Ke

30、as fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the islands inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past； it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond

31、 the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaiis shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhap