人教版英语八年级上册期中复习单元知识梳理.docx

1、人教版英语八年级上册期中复习单元知识梳理Units1-5单元知识梳理Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?知识点一 重点短语go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营quite a few+可数名词复数 相当多 study for为而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得

2、高兴 of course当然 feel like给的感觉；感受到 go shopping去购物 in the past在过去 walk around四处走走 because of+短语 because +句子 因为 one bowl of 一碗 the next day第二天 find out找出；查明 go on继续 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来 look +adj. 看起来nothingbut+动词原形

3、除了之外什么都没有 seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地 decide to do sth.决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep

4、 doing sth.继续做某事Why not do. sth.?为什么不做呢？ so+adj.+that+从句 如此以至于tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事二 必背句型1、Where did you go on vacation? 你假期去哪了？ I went to New York City.我去了纽约。2、 Did you go out with anyone? 你和别人一起出去玩了吗？No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.没有，其他人都不在。每个人都去度假了。3、Did you buy any

5、thing special? 你买了特别的东西了吗？ Yes, I bought something for my father.是的，我给我的父亲买了一些东西。4、How was the food? 食物怎么样？ Everything tasted really good.每一个都尝起来很好吃。5、Did everyone have a good time? 每个人都过得很开心的吗？ Oh，yes. Everything was excellent.是的。所有的一切都非常的美好。三 不定代词不定代词有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none,

6、little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等，以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中，多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但是代词 none 以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语，而 no 和 every 则只用作定语。1、复合不定代词：由some，any，no，every加上-

7、body,-one,-thing构成的不定代词，叫做复合不定代词。somebody = someone某人 something 某物，某事anybody = anyone任何人 anything什么事物，任何事物，无论什么事物nobody = no one没有人，不重要的人 nothing没有东西，什么也没有;不重要的人或事everybody = everyone每人,人人,所有人 everything每一个事物，一切词组：for nothing(徒劳，没有好结果，免费)，nothing but(仅仅，只不过)，Its nothing. (不用谢，不必在意) anybody else(别人)（

8、1）复合不定代词只相当于名词,在句子中作主语、宾语和表语，而不能作定语。 Everything is made of elements.任何东西都是元素构成的。（作主语）I have nothing to say toady.我今天没什么可讲的。（作宾语）Thats nothing.没什么。（作表语）（2）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。（3）代替与-thing构成的复合不定代词，用it；代替与-body, -one构成的复合不定代词，一般用they，在正式文体中可用he。如：Everyone knows what they have to do, dont they ？Everyone knows

9、 what he has to do, doesnt he ? 每个人都知道他必须做什么，不是吗？（4）【辨析】something和anything的区别与some和any的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。 I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。（肯定句）Someone is asking to see you.有人要见你。 （肯定句）Has anything happened ？出什么事了吗？ （疑问句）We cant decide anything now.我们现在不能作什么决定。 （

10、否定句）If you want anything, call me.你要是需要什么可以给我打电话。（条件状语从句）（5）复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，形容词或不定式等其他定语则须放在它们的后面。 There is nothing wrong with the machine.这机器没出什么毛病。（形容词）This is something special. 这是种特别的东西。（形容词）Is there anything important in todays newspaper?今天报纸上有什么重要消息吗？（形容词）Do you want anything to drink ?你想喝点什么吗？I

11、f there is anything I can do for you , please tell me.如果有什么我能帮你的，请告诉我。（5）除与-thing构成的复合不定代词外，即everyone、everybody、someone，somebody都有所有格形式；当其后有else时，s要加在else后面。如： That must be somebody elses coat; it isnt mine. 那一定是别人的外衣，不是我的。 （6）everyone=everybody, anyone=anybody, 只指人，不能与of短语连用；every one, any one可指人也可

12、指物，一定要与of连用才可以。如：Is anybody here? 有人吗？You can take any one of these. 你可以随便拿一个。（7）与some-，any-构成的复合不定代词的用法与some, any的用法相同。与any-构成的复合不定代词一般用于否定句或疑问句中，notany-构成完全否定，但没有any-not的说法；与some-构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句、预料作肯定回答的疑问句、建议或请求的疑问句中【巧记复合代词分合】：分合皆能单独用，后加of合不成。【巧学不定代词】：不定代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏；单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。buy sth. for s

13、b. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物taste + adj. 尝起来look+adj. 看起来smell 闻起来 sound 听起来 feel 感觉起来taste deliciouslook beautifulsmell terrible sound wonderful feel comfortable /tired / bored/nothingbut+动词原形 除了之外什么都没有四 动词的特殊应用try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事enj

14、oy doing sth.喜欢做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事keep doing sth.继续做某事 keep on doing sth. 反复做某事有小停歇tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不要）做某事want sb. (not) to do sth. 想要某人（不要）做某事五 Why not

15、 do. sth.?为什么不做呢？=Why dont you do sth？六 形容词的使用so+adj.+that+从句 如此以至于 it is + adj. + for sb. +to do sth对某人来说做怎么样七 anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是在任何地方 anywhere 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here.八 seem + 形容词 看起来. You seem happy today.seem+（to be）+

16、 adj. 看起来 No one seemed to be bored. seem to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold It seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像；似乎. It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎. It seems like a god idea. 九 start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与begin 互换 。He started doing his homework. 但以下几种情况不能用begin .1)创办，

17、开办： He started a new bookshop last month.2)机器开动： I cant start my car.3)出发，动身： I will start tomorrow morning.十 over 介词，多于，超过，在以上（表示数目、程度）= more thanMy father is over 40 years old.在之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under 相反。 There is a map over the blackboard.超过： I hear the news over the radio. 遍及： I want to travel all

18、over the world.十一 too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much.Much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。 The hat is much too big for me. Youre walking much too fast.分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数， too 后修饰形或副。too

19、 many 要记住，后面名词必复数。十二 because of 介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain.because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。I dont buy the shirt because it was too expensive. Unit 2 How often do you exercise?知识点一 重点短语help with housework帮助做家务 help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 on weekends在周末 how of

20、ten多久一次 once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 hardly ever几乎从不 be free有空 in ones free time在某人的业余时间go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少 notat all一点儿也不 have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动 be good for对有好处 go camping去野营 the

21、 most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如go to the dentist去看牙医 old habits die hard积习难改 more than多于；超过 less than少于How about? .怎么样？/ 好不好？ want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ 有多少?主语+find+that从句. 发现 spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光Its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的的。 ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事 by doing sth. 通过做某

22、事 Whats your favorite?你最喜爱的是什么？ the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式二 必背句型1、-What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末都干什么？ -I often go to the movies. 我经常去看电影。2、-How often do you watch TV? 你多长时间看一次电视？-Twice a week. 一周两次。3、Whats your favorite program? = What program do you like best? 你最喜欢的节目是什么？ 4、I go to t

23、he movies maybe once a month. 我也许一个月去看一次电影。5、Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. 上个月我们调查了学生空闲时间的活动。6、Most students use it for fun and not for homework. 大多数学生上网是为了娱乐而不是为了写家庭作业。 7、The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting.关于看电视的调查结果也十分的

24、有趣。8、Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. 尽管许多学生喜欢看体育节目，但是娱乐节目是最流行的。9、It is good to relax by using the Internet of watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通过使用因特网看娱乐节目来放松很不错，但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼来放松。 (1) Its +adj.+to do sth 做

25、某事的如 Its very easy to learn English well. (2) by doing sth. 通过做某事 (3) the best way to do sth. is做某事的最好方式10、It is healthy for the mind and the body. 这有益于身心健康。 stay healthy = keep healthy = keep in good health 保持健康 11、 Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。 三 词语辨析：1、how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice, thre

26、e times 等词语。How often do you play sports? Three times a week.2、how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?3、how for 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? Its about 2 kilometers.四 How come？ 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用

27、，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?五 go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.六 find1、find + 宾语 +名词, 发现 ： We h

28、ave found him (to be) a good boy.2、find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty.3、find + 宾语 + 现在分词， 发现 ： I found her standing at the door.七 percent 百分数， 基数词 + percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.八 afraid

29、形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。Im afraid we cant come here on time. 1、be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事；Some children are afraid of the dark. 2、be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。Dont be afraid of asking question.3、Im afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心： Im afraid I have to go now.4、be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事九【辨析】 sometimes

30、 , sometime, some times , some time 的区别：1、sometimes 频度副词， 有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early. -How often do you get up?2、sometime 副词，某个时候。 表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词when.I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. -When will you go to Shanghai next week?3、some times

31、 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用how many times.I have read the story some times. -How many times have you read the story?4、some time 名词短语， 一段时间. 表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用 How long.I ll stay here for some time. -How long will you stay here?十 We all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. 我们都知道许多学生经常上网，但是让我们