高考英语被动语态用法总结完整.docx

1、高考英语被动语态用法总结完整高考英语被动语态用法总结(完整)一、单项选择被动语态1Please dont stand up in class until you _.Awere told to Bare toldCare told to Dwere told【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查省略句。句意：直到有人叫你站起来，你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时。故C选项正确。【点睛】to代替不定式在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to

2、。to代替不定式，常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try，tell等动词连用。注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been，一般要保留be, have或have been。本句还原为：Please dont stand up in class until you are told to stand up。省略句为：Please dont stand up in class until you are told to 。

3、故C选项正确。2 A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman_ to be infected with the bird flu virus.Aconfirmed Bhad been confirmedCwas confirmed Dhave confirmed【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：一例人感染H7N9病毒的报告发生在2014年，当时，一名女性被确诊感染了禽流感。Confirm证实，确认，根据was reported in 2014可知，是过去的事情，先行词是2014，定语从句也用一般过去时，排除B、D；woman与c

4、onfirm是动宾关系，即她是被确诊的，故选C。考点：考查时态与被动语态3(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow，when a cold front_to arrive.Awill be expected Bis expectingCexpects Dis expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：预计将有一股冷锋到来，因此潮湿的天气明天将会继续。a cold front与expect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，expect是发生在现在的动作，要用一般现在时，故选D项。答案：D4At the awarding

5、ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what _ in science and technology.Ahas discovered Bhas been discoveredChad discovered Dhad been discovered【答案】D【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选D。5Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party

6、tomorrow?Pity he _ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.Awas sent Bhas been sentChad been sent Dwould be sent【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？很可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，Uncle Peterson被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时态。且主语he和send之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上，B选项正确。6The singers music v

7、ideo nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago.Aviewed Bhas viewedCwas viewed Dhas been viewed【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被动语态；C. has viewed，现在完成式；D. has been viewed，现在完成式的被动语态。句意：自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上，这个视频的访问量达到了将近9百万次。since从句用一般过去时，主

8、句用现在完成时has done形式，又因music video是被访问的，故要用被动语态。故选D。考点：考查动词时态与语态辨析。7Its so humid these days!Dont worry! The rain _ to stop from tomorrow.Awill expect BexpectsCwill be expected Dis expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：这些日子天气潮湿。不要担心！这场雨预计明天就会停止。根据语境，“expect”表示现在发生的事情，用一般现在时，“停止”的动作发生在明天，且主语The rain与expect之间是被动关

9、系。故选D。8Various efforts _ in the past decades to protect the environment.Ahad made Bhave madeCwere made Dhave been made【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态，efforts是句子主语，复数形式，和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态，故答案为D。9Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the office just

10、 now?Yes, he _, and he looked a little bit nervous.Ahad interviewed Bwas interviewedCwas being interviewed Dis being interviewing【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。句意：迈克,你刚才看到Mr. Chapman在办公室吗?是的,他正在接受采访,他看起来有点紧张。表示刚才正在进行的动作用过去进行时，句中he和动词interview是被动关系，所以此处用过去进行时的被动，故选C。10This is one of the highest buildings that _ in

11、our city recently.Ahas been built BbuildChave been built Dhave built【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时态的被动语态。句意：这是最近我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一座。此处the highest buildings是先行词，指物，复数形式，且和build之间是被动关系，再根据recently所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态，故选C。11Mr. Wills, who was being helped up onto the platform to take the prize, looked as if he by lig

12、htning.Awas just struck Bwere just struckCwould just be struck Dhad just been struck【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：威尔斯先生被扶上了讲台，接受了这个奖项，他看起来就像是被闪电击中了一样。此处as if（好像）引导方式状语从句，用虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，用过去完成时态，且主语he和strike之间是被动关系，故答案为D。12Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “H

13、e _ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”Acould have been rewarded Bmust have been rewardedCshould be rewarded Dneed have been rewarded【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予；B. must h

14、ave been rewarded一定被授予；C. should be rewarded应该被授予；D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境，A选项正确。【点睛】could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为“可能（已经)”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。13The film “Schindlers List”, was _ by a real person, named

15、Oskar SchindlerAinspired BpromptedCrised Dinsured【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。A. inspired鼓舞；B. prompted引起，提示；C. rised上升；D. insured确保。句意：电影辛德勒的名单的灵感来自一个真实的人，名叫奥斯卡辛德勒。结合句意可知此处用被动语态，故答案为A。14Have you heard about that school bus accident?Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver _.Awere saved Bwas savedC

16、have saved Dhas been saved【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意为：你有没有听说那起校车事故？嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard.可知，事故发生在过去，且all为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。15The classroom _ by students every day.Acleans BcleanedCis cleaned Dis cleaning【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语The classroom，单数第三人

17、称形式，与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，再结合every day，可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故选C。16 Why do you look very upset? The electricity was cut off suddenly and my essay _ unfinished since.Awas left Bhas leftChad been left Dhas been left【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：你为什么看起来很沮丧？突然停电了，那时我的文章就没写完。句中leave与主语essay 构成动宾关系，要用被动形式；句中时间状语since表示从那

18、时起到现在文章一直没写完，是现在完成时态的时间状语。故选D。17（天津）Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.Aregard Bis regardedCare regarded Dregards【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：现在骑自行车，慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。根据动词短语regardas“把看作”和句意确定应该用被动语态，排除A和D。再根据主语部分是由介词短语along with 连接的三

19、个动名词做主语，应该谓语动词应该就前一致，即用单数，排除C，故选B。【点睛】本题考查方向涉及到动词的语态和主谓一致，首先要把握句意，判断主谓之间是主动还是被动关系，再者就是考查学生的考虑是否全面，即加之判断谓语动词的单复数，考查了学生对主谓一致中就前一致的把握。18Do you like the mobile game Traveling Frog?Yes, the posts about the virtual green frog _ over 4 million times.Ahave read Bhave been readCwould be read Dare reading【答案】

20、B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：你喜欢手机游戏旅行青蛙吗？是的，关于虚拟绿蛙的帖子已经被阅读了400多万次。The posts和read是被动关系，用被动语态，“已经被阅读过了”用完成时态，故选B。19In the 1980s in this village, there were only muddy roads to the outside, and concrete ones _ yet.Ahavent built Bhavent been built Chadnt built Dhadnt been built【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：在20世纪80年

21、代，这个村庄只有泥泞的道路通往外面，混凝土的道路还没有建成。根据语境可知，“混凝土的道路还没有建”表示的动作发生在“there were only muddy roads”这一过去的动作之前，属于“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时；build与concrete ones是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态。故选D。20Pity that I havent got a ticket for the concert tonight.It doesnt matter. Im sure it _ on TV.Awill be broadcast Bwill broadcastChas been broadca

22、st Dis broadcasting【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：很可惜我没有今晚的音乐会的票。没关系，我相信它会在电视上现场直播的。因为今晚将发生的事，所以应用将来时，it代替concert，它与broadcast之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。【点睛】本题难度适中。动词的时态和语态放在一起考查增加了试题的难度，需要考生有分析理解复杂的句子结构的能力，必须会根据语境或已给动词的形式来判断动词的时态。如本题中，因为今晚将发生的事，所以应用将来时，it代替concert，它与broadcast之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。21Wh

23、y are you buying a new refrigerator?The old one _ so many times that its not worth it any more.Ahas repaired Bis repairedChas been repaired Dhas been repairing【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：你为什么要买一台新冰箱？旧的冰箱已经被修过很多次了，它都不值得再修了。表示现在之前的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完成时，主语“冰箱”和“修理”是被动关系，故选C。22The coach, together with his players,

24、_ to the party held last Friday night, aiming to celebrate their win in the match.Awas invited Bwere invited Chas been invited Dhave been invited【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致与一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这个教练，和他的队员一起，被邀请去参加上周五晚上举行的聚会，目的是庆祝他们赢得比赛。根据句中的“last Friday night（上周五晚上）”可知，这句话应使用一般过去时。句子主语为The coach，为第三人称单数形式，“togethe

25、r with”介词词组作主语的伴随状语，不能算作主语，所以谓语动词应与The coach保持一致。故选A。【点睛】主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与它的主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。简单来讲，即在英语组词成句的过程中，主语的人称、数、格发生了变化，谓语也必须跟着变化，保证主语和谓语之间关系的协调一致。在英语语法中，这属于基本的知识点。主谓一致要遵循三个原则，语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。其中语法一致原则指的是主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也是复数形式。当than，with，as well as，along with，together with，like，r

26、ather than，except，not，but，including，plus，besides，in addition to等加名词或代词结构在主语后面时，谓语不受这些短语影响，须和其前的主语一致。这属于语法一致原则中的一种情况。例如本题中使用了together with结构，所以句子的谓语动词与主语the coach保持一致。23The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _ with success in the end.Arewarded Bwere rewardedCwill rewar

27、d Dwill be rewarded【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤：1. 确定时态：根据句尾的in the end可知，事情发生在将来，用将来时。2. 确定语态：efforts和reward是被动关系，应该使用被动语态。句意：学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力终将会得到回报。综上，用一般将来时的被动，故选D。【点睛】一般将来时1. 表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词（常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等）。2. 表示一种趋向或习惯动作。例如：Well die without air or water.3.

28、 表示趋向行为的动词如come, go, start, begin, leave等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时。4. be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及区别： (1)shall / will do表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。(2)be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will do则能，表意愿。例如：If it is fine, well go fishing.(正确)If it

29、is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)(3)be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。例如：A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock this afternoon.(4)be about to do sth.表示“即将/正要去做某事”，通常不与时间状语连用，但可与when引导的从句连用，构成常考句型：sb was about to do sth when sb did sth。例如：Autumn harvest is about to start.24Why didn

30、t you attend the assembly this morning?But I _ anything about that.Adidnt tell Bhavent told Chadnt been told Dhavent been told【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会？没人告诉我。主语I和tell之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，又“没有告诉”的动作发生在今天早上之前，即过去之过去，故用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done，故选C项。25They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficult _.Ato solve Bsolved Cto be solved Dsolving【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们意识到泰德提出的问题很难解决。结合短语be difficult to do sth.“难以；很难”后跟不定式，且在此结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。故用to solve形式。故选A。26The Olympic Sports Center _