1、插入语初中英语语法:7.9 省to 的动词不定式1) 情态动词 ( 除ought 外,ought to):2) 使役动词 let, have, make:3) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, .初中英语语法:7.9 省to 的动词不定式1) 情态动词 ( 除ought 外,ought to):2) 使役动词 let, have, make:3) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补,省略to。注意
2、:在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。 I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the whole night. =They were made to work the whole night.4) would rather,had better:5) Why / why not:6) help 可带to,也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth:7) but和except:but前是动词do时,后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。8) 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以
3、省去:9) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后,可以省去to be: He is supposed (to be) nice.他应该是个好人。举例: He wants to move to France and marry the girl.He wants to do nothing but go out.比较: He wants to do nothing but go out. He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.典型例题1) - I usually
4、 go there by train. - Why not _ by boat for a change? A. to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going答案:D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式,因此选D。2) Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 答案:B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式,当其用于被动时,to 不可省略。插入语的作用 插入语一般对一句话
5、作一些附加的说明。它是中学英语语法的重点,也是高考的考点。通常与句中其它部分没有语法上的联系,将它删掉之后,句子结构仍然完整。插入语在句中有时是对一句话的一些附加解释、说明或总结;有时表达说话者的态度和看法;有时起强调的作用;有时是为了引起对方的注意;还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用;也可以承上启下,使句子衔接得更紧密一些。 插入语的类型掌握这一语言现象不仅有利于对英语句子等的理解,还有利于提高写作等的水平。插入语的类型较多,常见的如下几种: 一、形容词(短语)作插入语。能用作插入语的形容词(短语)常见的有:true,wonderful,excellent,strange to say,mos
6、t important of all, sure enough等。如:True,it would be too bad.真的,太糟了。Wonderful,we have won again.太好了,我们又赢了。Strange to say,he hasnt got my letter up to now.说来也奇怪,他到现在还没有收到我的信。Most important of all,we must learn all the skills.最重要的是,我们必须掌握所有的技巧。 二、副词(短语)作插入语。能用作插入语的副词(短语)有:indeed,surely,still,otherwise,
7、certainly,however,generally, personally,honestly,fortunately,luckily,though,besides,exactly,perhaps,maybe,probably,frankly,or rather等。如:When he got there,he found,however,that the weather was too bad.可是到了那儿之后他发现,那儿的天气太坏了。Otherwise,he would still be at home.不然的话,他还会在家的。 三、介词短语作插入语。能用作插入语的介词短语有:in fac
8、t,in ones opinion,in general,in a word,in other words,in a few words,of course,by the way,as a result,for example,on the contrary,on the other hand,to ones surprise,in short,as a matter of fact,in conclusion,in brief等。如:You cant wait anymore-in other words,you should start at once.你不能再等了换言之,你得立即出发。O
9、n the contrary,we should strengthen our cooperation with them.相反,我们应该加强和他们的合作。 四、V-ing(短语)作插入语。能用作插入语的V-ing(短语)常见的有:generally speaking,strictly speaking,judging from by,talking of, considering等。如:Generally speaking,the weather there is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer.一般来说,那儿的气候冬天不太冷
10、,夏天不太热。Judging by his clothes,he may be an artist.从衣着来判断,他可能是个艺术家。 五、不定式短语作插入语。能用作插入语的不定式短语有:to be frank,to be honest,to be sure,to tell you the truth,to make matters worse,to sum up,to start with,to begin with等。如:To be frank,I dont quite agree with you.坦率地说,我不太同意你的意见。To tell you the truth,Im not so
11、 interested in the matter.跟你说实话,我对这件事情的兴趣不大。To sum up,success results from hard work.总而言之,成功是艰苦努力的结果。 六、句子(陈述句和一般疑问句)作插入语。能用作插入语的句子有:I am sure,I believe,I think,I know,I suppose,I hope,Im afraid,you see, whats more,that is to say,as we know,as I see,believe it or not等。如:Some animals only half-hibern
12、ate,that is to say,their sleep is not such a deep one.有些动物只是半冬眠,就是说,它们的睡眠并不是深度睡眠。I believe,China will catch up with the developed countries sooner or later.我确信,中国迟早会赶上发达国家。He cant pass the exam,because he doesnt study hard. Whats more,he isnt so clever.他不能通过这次考试,因为他学习不认真,更何况他又不太聪明。 插入语的使用插入语(句)是说话者对
13、所表达意思的补充、强调、解释或者说话的态度,其位置灵活,常常用逗号或破折号与其他成分隔开,并且在语法上不影响其他成分。例如: I think, she has no feeling for your trouble. / She, I think, has no feeling for your trouble. 我想,她对你的遭遇无动于衷。 一 . 插入语的出现形式1. 插入语常以副词(副词短语)、形容词(形容词短语)、介词短语、非谓语动词短语等形式出现。 ( 1 )常见的副词及短语: indeed, surely, however, obviously, frankly, naturall
14、y, luckily / happily for sb. certainly 等。 ( 2 )常见的形容词及短语: funny, needless to say (不用说), most important of all 等。 ( 3 )常见的介词短语: by the way, in a few words / in sum / in short (简而言之), in other words, in general, in ones opinion / judgment (按照某人的意见), in fact, in the first place, of course, to ones know
15、ledge / surprise / regret /satisfaction / mind / joy / disappointment 等。 ( 4 )常见的现在分词短语: strictly / generally / honestly / personally / exactly / physically / speaking (严格地 / 一般地 / 坦诚地等)说; judging from / by (根据判断)等。 ( 5 )常见的动词不定式短语: to be sure (无疑地), to sum up (概括地说), to tell the truth, to be honest, to be short, to conclude, to put it briefly, to put it in another way, to begin ( start ) with 等。 注意:上述单词或短语作插入语和状语时的区别。例如: ( 1 ) Frankly, hed like to listen to music. (副词作
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