1、高考英语辨析试题学习资料新课标高考英语词汇(同义、近义、相似词)精选练习(一)详解1. We cant _ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.A. hope B. wait C. expect D. imagineC. expect.expect期望,盼望,表示认为有很大的客观可能性,例如:I expect the work to be finished by Friday.(我期望这项工作能在星期五前做完。)wait for . to do sth.等待、等待.做.,强调等这一动词的本身,如:The audience
2、 are waiting eagerly for the performance to begin.(观众正等着演出开始。)本题如改为这样:I waited for him to arrive in time for dinner, but he didnt come.(我等他来赶上晚餐,但他没有来。)由此可见,expect是表示期待,而wait for 是表示等待,词义完全不同。注意hope后不能接sb. to do sth.。imagine being on the moon. 3)Im sorry, but I cant imagine anyone doing research lik
3、e that.本题译文:我们不能期望一个人在这样短的时间内改变一辈子养成的习惯。2. The noise was so _ that only those with excellent hearing were aware of it.A. dim B. soft C. faint D. gentleC.faint.faint(=weak, indistinct; not clear)微弱的,模糊的,不清楚的。Dim(=not bright, not clearly to be seen)不亮的,看不清的;the dim light of a candle(微弱的烛光)。3. His land
4、lady gave him a weeks _ to leave the flat.A. threat B. notice C. advice D. cautionB. notice.notice预先通知(尤用雇主、雇员或房东、房客之间):give ones employee a months notice (通知雇员一个月后离职)。本题译文:他的女房东通知他一周后从套间搬走。4. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _ at the o
5、ther store.A. anyone B. the others C. that D. the onesD. the ones代词one可以用来替代前面提到过的名词,以避免重复。如果它替代的名词是复数,则用ones。本题中它代替refrigerators;因特指,故用the ones.5. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _.A. average B. ordinary C. regular D. normalD. normalnormal正常的;ordinary普通的;average平均的;regular有规律的
6、,定期的。6. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _ must be taken by scientists and technologists.A. process B. attention C. measure D. partD. part.take part in参加。本题译文:显然,整个世界正经历着一场社会革命;科学家和技术人员必定是这场革命地主要参加者。7. These plastic flowers look so _ that man
7、y people think they are real.A. beautiful B. natural C. artificial D. similarB. natural.8. When I worked as the general manager of the firm, I sometimes had _ to visit London on business.A. opportunity B. possibility C. occasion D. chanceC. occasion. occasion 作可数名词时,意为时机,作不可数名词时,意为必要,本题中occasion意为必要
8、。从句语法结构上看,本句中用opportunity(难得的)机会,chance(偶然的)机会均可,但按逻辑意思,应用occasion.9. The most important _ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for the people.A. element B. spot C. sense D. pointD. point. point(=chief idea of sth. said, done, or planned)要点;论点,主旨:I dont see your point.(我不明白你的意思。
9、)He said nothing to the point.(他说的不切题。)10. It has always been the _ of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social activities.A. plan B. campaign C. procedure D. policyD. policy. policy(尤指政党、政府、大企业、商行等的)政策,方针。campaign(政治或竞选的)运动;(军事的)行动,procedure做事的手续、程序,plan计划,均不合题意。本题译文:本公司的一贯方针是鼓励工人参加社会活动
10、。11. I remember her face but I cannot _ where I met her.A. recall B. remind C. remember D. remarkA. recall.recall(=bring back to the mind)想起,回忆起:But I really cant recall your name at his moment.remind sb. of .使.想起:1)The photo reminds me of my late father.(这张照片使我想起已故的父亲。) 2)The sight of the clock rem
11、inded me that I was late.remind sb. to sth.提醒.做.;Please remind me to write the letter.12. He has left his book here on _, so that you can read it.A. purpose B. intention C. aim D. meaningA. purpose. on purpose是介词习语,意为故意地。如用intention,则应说by intention故意地。13. The open university was started in order to
12、help those who _ having a university education when they were young.A. stopped B. failed C. missed D. ceasedC. missed. miss doing sth.没有做某事:I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.(学校放映那部电影时,我没有能去看。)14. We wont know whether it will be successful. We wont know whether there will be good
13、_.A. ends B. results C. effects D. causesB. results. result意为由某种活动或某种原因所产生的结果,如:obtain(=get, attain, gain win, secure)good results(取得好结果),publish the results(公布成绩)。15. Comrade Li Dazhao, _ librarian of Beijing University, was one of the founders of the Chinese Communist Party.A. sometimes B. sometim
14、e C. some time D. some timesB. sometime. sometime(=former)过去的,以前的:Alice Brown, a sometime pupil of our school, is now a teacher there.16.The patients believe that the doctor knows exactly how to put them _.A. correct B. perfect C. right D. wellC. right。put sth. /sb. right 纠正;治好,使恢复健康:Since man has d
15、one so much damage, it is up to man to put the matters right. (既然人类已造成了如此巨大的损害,人类有责任纠正这种状况。)又如:This medicine will soon put you right. (这药很快会使你恢复健康。)其他3个选择均不能与put 构成习语,故不能入选。本题译文:病人相信医生清楚地知道怎样治好他的病。17. And you find that youre not to be _ with a position of real responsibility.A. offered B. trusted C.
16、 furnished D. retainedB. trusted。trust sb. with sth. 把某事托付给某人 trust sth to sb :I cant trust him with my car.(我不能把我的车托付给他。)本题译文:你认为不会把真正有责任的工作托付给你。18. She got married although her parents had not given her their _.A. allowance B. consent C. permit D. appreciationB. consent.consent n. 同意,赞成;consent (t
17、o) vi.同意,如:consent to a plan(同意一项计划)。allowance津贴。permit执照,许可证 permission n 允许。19. At first Bob was puzzled by Virginia s waving, but then it _ his mind that she was trying to tell him something.A. crossed B. passed C. occurred D. openedA. crossed. cross (enter)ones mind 想起:1)A sudden thought crossed
18、 my mind. 2)It never crossed my mind that he might refuse the request. (我从来没有想到他可能会拒绝这个请求。)如用pass through, 例如:When Jane did not come home by midnight, many terrible fears passed through Mothers mind. (=Mother thought of many things that might have happened to Jane.)occur的用法如下:1)That view of the case
19、 did not occur to me before. (对这个案件的那种看法以前我没有想到过。)2)It occurred to her that she might adopt a homeless child.(她想到,她可以收养一个无家可归的孩子。)关于想起的以上三种表达法考生务必弄懂熟记。这些词组和句形不仅在词汇测试中经常遇到,而且在短文写作时也可以使用。本题译文:起初鲍玻对弗吉尼亚的挥手致意感到迷惑,但后来他想到,她想告诉他某事。20. When college students _ future employment, they often think of status, i
20、ncome, and prestige.A. demand B. assume C. apply D. anticipateD. anticipate.anticipate vt预料,期望,预望:The first question is one the John has anticipated. (第一个问题是约翰已经预料到的.)anticipate +n/anticipate that; anticipate doing sth;I anticipated seeing you soon.21. Alice _ her father that both she and her husban
21、d would be happy if he would live with them.A. convinced B. reinforced C. pledged D. requiredA. convinceconvince sb. +that从句意为使.相信,说服.。convince sb of sth; I tried to convince them of his innocence. convince sb to do sth; We convinced him to go by car.convinced adj Be convinced of/that; I am convince
22、d of his guilt./I am convinced that he is guilty. convincing adj令人信服的reinforce 加强,增强。pledge发誓,保证.22. I caught a _ of the car before it disappeared around the bend.A. glance B. glimpse C. glare D. stareB. glimpsecatch (or get) a glimpse of瞥见(强调行为的结果) I caught a glimpse of her in the crowd. 我在人群中瞥见了他。
23、take a glance (or look) at看一眼(强调行为过程本身)。Take a glance at the Tv programs 瞄一下电视节目23. The car salesman took the customer for a driver in the new model in order to _ its improved features.A. advocate B. demonstrate C. exhibit D. revealB. demonstratedemonstrate(=show clearly by giving proof or example)以
24、实物说明,示范,展示 The salesman demonstrated the new personal computer. advocate拥护,提倡。exhibit展览,陈列。reveal揭示,暴露。24. After dinner the minister made a short _ to the guests.A. delivery B. pronunciation C. conversation D. speechD.speech. make a speech to sb.(向某人做演讲)。make conversation with sb.(和某人闲谈conversation常
25、与下列动词搭配:get (enter) into conversation with(和.攀谈起来),have a conversation with(与.谈话),interr upt (break off) conversation(中断谈话),turn the conversation to other matters(把话题转到其他问题上)delivery常指(演讲等的)说话方式,口才,如: His report was good, but his delivery was poor.( 他的报告内容很好,但他的口才太差)。25. The old man got into the _ o
26、f storing money under the bed.A. tradition B. habit C. use D. customB. habit. get into the habit of doing sth.意为养成了做.的习惯。habit指个人的习惯,而custom则指社会的风俗习惯。tradition传统26. One-room schoolhouses can still be found in _ areas where there are no other schools for many miles.A. disposed B. deserted C. isolated
27、 D. abandonedC. isolated. isolated 孤立的。Deserted被遗弃的;空无一人的a deserted house 空无一人的房屋;abandoned丢弃的,如;abandoned cars(因报废而丢弃的汽车)。Dispose of sth. 处理掉某物:He disposed of his old car .(他把旧的汽车处理掉了。)意为卖掉或扔掉等。27.Its bad _ for a man to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.A. behavior B. action C
28、. manner D. movementbehavior意思为举止,行为;action 动作;manner方式; movement 运动,行动。答案A。28.Before the final examination, many students have shown _ of tension. Some have trouble in sleeping while others have lost their appetite.A. anxiety B. marks C. signs D. remarksanxiety与 tension 同义,意思为紧张;mark记号,痕迹; sign迹象,现
29、象,标记; remark评论。根据句意,应为show signs of tension表现出紧张的样子。答案C。29. When you do exercises, your heart works better. It is able to_ more blood while beating more slowly.A. produce B. pump C. increase D. bumpB.泵入更多的血。A.产生;C.增加;D.碰,撞。30.-Yangyang carried off the first winter Olympic _ medal for China.-Great! W
30、hat _ she won for our motherland!A. golden; honour B. gold; honor C. golden; honors D. gold; honors根据句意可以知道,第一空金牌意思为含金之物,应用gold作定语,而golden 为比喻性形容词,意思为金色的。例如golden rice金黄色的稻子;第二空 honor 在此意思为荣誉,光荣,是不可 数名词。答案B。31. The problem is not _ so easy as you think. Its far from being settled.A. hardly B. almost
31、 C. nearly D. scarcelyhardly和scarcely 意思均为几乎不,与题干中的not 构成双重否定,不符合句子意思;almost与not连用时,almost 常置于not前面,意思为几乎不;只有 not nearly为正确结构,意思为相差很远。答案为C。32.Ill_ him off this time but next time hell be punished.A. leave B. let C. put D. set正确答案是B。let off 饶恕。 Set off 出发、动身; leave off 停止、不再穿;put off 推迟。33. - Who on earth could it be? - It was _ other than Peter.A. none B. nothing C. not D. nobodyA. none other than (表示惊讶)不是别人,不是别的;就是,正是 Its
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