英语四级阅读.docx

1、英语四级阅读 英语四级阅读 第一期(全对)请大家试着翻译文章中划线句子。 motive: n. (for sth.)动机，原因；The police could not find a motive for the murder. a.产生动机的，启动的，发动的 intentional a. 存心的，故意的 insurance n. 保险（契约） fire insurance 火险 justify v.表明或证明；为（某事）的正当理由 strategy n.战略（学）；策略，谋略 The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both

2、negative and positive effects. consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to peoples desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage.

3、 Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers money. Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offer to dieters（节食者）with the message that there were fewer calories（热量单位，大卡）in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not d

4、ietetic（适合于节食的）, but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf. On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumers real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appea

5、ling to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message

6、in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising. Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the

7、final buying decision. 31.Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by _D_. A) stressing their high quality B) convincing him of their low price C) maintaining a balance between quality and price D) appealing to his buying motives 32.The reason why the bread advertisement is mi

8、sleading is that _A_. A) thin slices of bread could contain more calories B) the loaf was cut into regular slices C) the bread was not genuine bread D) the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same 33.The passage tells us that _A_. A) sometimes advertisements really sell what the consum

9、er needs B) advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they dont need C) the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements D) fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment 34.It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should _A_. A) think carefull

10、y about the benefits described in the advertisements B) guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements C) be familiar with various advertising strategies D) avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal 35.The passage is mainly about _C_. A) how to make a wise buying decision B) ways

11、 to protect the interests of the consumer C) the positive and negative aspects of advertising D) the function of advertisements in promoting sales 答案翻译：广告对购买动机的诱惑力既有正面效果，又有反面效果。顾客可能听信广告买一件劣质或高价的产品。 31.看第一段，做第一题。文章第一句是主题，后面是一个例子解释说明。例子说广告通过一些手段引起人们的购买欲望。A是细节例子，是为了说明广告如何引起人们的购买欲望：强调高质量。BC本段都没有提到。D是正解。

12、而且D切题。 32.为什么面包广告是误导的？因为广告说面包含的热量少，但其实不少，所以广告是误导的。这一题只要读懂了第二段就不会错。 33.考的是第三段的主题。On the positive side 看出这段说的是广告的正面效应。先排除CD，只有AB是对广告的正评价。A是答案。B广告很少迫使消费者买他们不需要的东西。广告不是为了让消费者买产品它还能干什么？有同学说四段but it does not force them to buy the product.但是不选B的一个原因是它出现在四段；第二个原因是occasionally和does not是两个不同的概念，干扰选项一般形容词、副词有毛

13、病。 34.看懂文章就好做。A是正解，对应四段第二句话。B小心广告的欺骗本质，和主题“既有正面效果，又有反面效果”相悖。CD文章没有这个意思。 35.考主题。主题是广告的正反两个方面，选C没什么好说的。 这篇文章的语言比较简单，结构也很清晰。先提出主题：广告的两个方面，然后从方面和正面阐述，最后说到人的因素。而且和问题对应也很工整，答案比较好找,关键词不是很必要。是一种最基本的出题思路。 第二期business：事业，事务。Business is business公事公办inferior：a.较低的，次要的 n.下级，下属 inferiority：n. 下级，下属，低人一等 feelings

14、of inferiority自卑感alternative： v.选择（二选一）inherit：v.继承（财产，头衔等）She inherited a little money from her grangfather. Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:President Coolidges statement, “The business of America is business,”美国问题就是商业问题 still points to an important truth today-that business i

15、nstitutions have more prestige（威望）in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Why do business institutions posses this great prestige?One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in so

16、ciety. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and ha

17、rd work are protected.Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly（垄断）of power. In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its custom

18、ers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the customers dollar, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves.A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and government, which is a monopoly.垄断 Be

19、cause business is competitive, many Americans believe that it is more supportive of freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people and business leaders are not. Many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important, or even more important, that democracy i

20、n preserving freedom.Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the ideal of equality of opportunity. Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the Ameri

21、can alternative to social rank based on family background. Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic（贵族的）idea of inherited privilege.26.The statement “The business of America is business” probably means “_C_”.A) The business ins

22、titutions in America are concerned with commerceB) Business problems are of great importance to the American governmentC) Business is of primary concern to AmericansD) America is a great power in world business27.Americans believe that they can realize their personal values only _D_.A) when given eq

23、uality of opportunityB) through doing businessC) by protecting their individual freedomD) by way of competition28.Who can benefit from business competition? BA) Honest businessmen.B) Both businessmen and their customers.C) People with ideals of equality and freedom.D) Both business institutions and

24、government.29.Government is believed to differ strikingly from business in that government is characterized by _ A _.A) its absolute control of powerB) its function in preserving personal freedomC) its role in protecting basic American valuesD) its democratic民主 way of exercising leadership30.It can

25、be inferred from the passage that the author believes _B_.A) Americans are more ambitious than people in other countriesB) in many countries success often depends on ones social statusC) American businesses are more democratic民主 than those in other countriesD) businesses in other countries are not a

26、s competitive as those in America翻译：柯立芝总统说，“美国的事业就是工商业”，今天这句话仍然指出了一个很重要的真理：工商业机构在美国社会比任何其他组织，包括美国政府，威望更高。答案:CDBAB第一段段尾的？告诉我们文章的结构是现象解释型。第一段给出一个现象，后面来解释。再看这篇文章有五段，一段对应一个题，按顺序来找答案。26.词义题，就是送分题，基本每年都会考一到两个，不要想的太难。根据关键词出现的本句和上下句来推断意思，一般在本句或下句给出解释：“这句话指出工商业机构在美国社会比任何其他组织，包括美国政府，威望更高”选择在对应句子中出现的意思即可。这题不应该

27、错。27.二段开始解释一段的问号。出现关键词American values ，答案就在这一句里面找。“不仅竞争本身好，它还保护美国其他价值观念，如个人自由、机会平等、勤奋工作等的手段”AC是文章中同时列举的两点，可以排除不选。列举一般提3项，如果提到4项或更多，那么这个列举就没有意义，列举常和except题型对应。BD一个是说做生意，一个说竞争。在对应句子中出现的主语是Competition，确定选D。28.在三段没有发现关键词benefit，但是有profits.，这是同义替换。答案在关键词出现的本句和上下文来找。后文都是围绕customers在发挥，“如果想不公平地占顾客的便宜，那它就会输

28、给较公平地对待顾客的竞争对手。”所以答案里面肯定有关顾客，只有B。29.第一句就是我们要找的对应句子，答案在monopoly的意思。如果我们不知道这个词的意思，那么这个词最先出现在三段中，其下句有解释In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. 在contrast之下，一个是all-powerful government，一个是businesses compete。A中power替换all-powerful。一般找到文章对应的句子，答案就在

29、这一句里面找。30. infer 推理题（还有一种conclude推理题以后会遇到），答案一般对应相应段落，否则对应文章主题。别的段落出现的细节都是不能选的干扰选项。A不会有人选。B对应Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background. 属于正话反说。竞争胜利在美国不依靠家庭背景决定社会地位，反过来，其它国家就要依靠了。CD都没有在五段提及。而且五段反复提到background、social status，显然它们就是这一段的主题，

30、正确答案必须和它们有关。第三期terrorist n.恐怖分子 terrorism n.恐怖主义，恐怖手段 terror n.恐怖惊骇；恐怖的事 interference n.干涉，妨碍；干扰 interfere v.干涉，介入，干预； interfering a.好干涉的，爱管闲事的 currently adv.当前，时下 navigation n.航海，航空，驾驶；航海术，航空术 defect n.缺点，不足之处，毛病，瑕疵；v.背叛 Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: The biggest safety thre

31、at facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun, but the man with the portable computer in business class. In the last 15 years, pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference. The source of this interference remains unconfirmed,未证实 but increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic device可携带的电子设备 such as portable computers, radio and cassette players and mobile telephones. RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation（航空）industry, has recommended that all airlines ban（禁止）