1、建筑结构英语常用词汇样本总体设计General design设计根据Design basis建筑红线Building line建筑系数Coefficient of building occupation界区Battery limited有效面积Effective area使用面积Usable area构造面积Structural area建筑面积Building area建筑面积密度Density of building area竖向布置Vertical planning高程Altitude等高线Contour line相对标高Relative elevation绝对标高Absolute al
2、titude地震基本烈度Basic earthquake intensity抗震设防烈度Fortification intensity风玫瑰Wind rose建筑朝向Building orientation建筑间距Building distance公顷Hectare指北针North arrow测北Geophical north建北Plant north气象Meteorology日照Sunshine天然采光Natural lighting人工照明Artificant light;artificial illumination照度Degree of illumination通风Ventilatio
3、n正压通风Positive ventilating噪声Noise隔声Sound insulation吸声Sound absorption保温隔热Heat insulation露点Dewpoint冷桥Cold-bridge遮阳Sunshade恒温恒湿Constant temperature & constant humidity消声Noise elimination;noise reduction防振antivibration4.2 建筑普通词汇Conventional terms of architecture方案Scheme;draft草图Sketch透视图Perspective drawi
4、ng建筑构图Architectural composition坐标Coordinate纵坐标Ordinate横坐标Abscissa跨度Span开关Bay进深Depth层高Floor height净高Clear height;headroom横数Module;modulus裙房Skirt building楼梯Stair梯段Stair slab楼梯平台Stair landing安全出口Safety exit疏散楼梯Escape staircase楼梯间Stair well封闭楼梯间Enclosure staircase防烟楼梯间Smoke prevention stair well消防电梯间Eme
5、rgency elevators well自动扶梯Escalator中庭Atrium疏散走道Escape corridor;escape way耐火级别Fire-resistive grade生产类别Classification of production耐火极限Duration of fire-resistance防火间距File-break distance泄压面积Area of pressure release闷顶Mezanine;mezzanine砖标号Grade of brick;strength of brick承重墙Bearing wall非承重墙Non-bearing wall
6、挡土墙Retaining wall填充墙Filler wall围护墙Curtain wall;cladding wall;enclosure wall女儿墙Parapet wall隔墙Partition(浴室、厕所)隔断Stall窗间墙Pier墙垛Pillar过梁Lintel圈梁Gird;girt;girth防潮层Damp-proof course勒脚Plinth横梁Transverse beam纵横Longitudinal wall山墙Gable;gable wall防火墙Fire wall压顶Coping勾缝Pointing砖砌平拱Brick flat arch预埋件Embedded in
7、serts直抓梯Ladder栏杆Railing防腐蚀Corrosion resistant;Anticorrosion化学溶蚀Chemical erosion膨胀腐蚀Expansion corrosion化学腐蚀Chemical corrosion电化学腐蚀Electro-chemical corrosion晶间腐蚀Intergranular corrosion气相腐蚀Gaseous corrosion液相腐蚀Liquidoid corrosion固相腐蚀Solid corrosion腐蚀裕度Allowance for corrosion锈蚀rusting4.3 建筑材料Building ma
8、terials级配砂石Graded sand & gravel素土夯实Rammed earth灰土Lime-soil素混凝土Plain concrete钢筋混凝土Reinforced concrete(R.C)细石混凝土Fine aggregate concrete轻质混凝土Lightweight concrete加气混凝土Aerocrete;Aerocrete concrete陶粒混凝土Ceramsite concrete水泥膨胀珍珠岩Cement & expended pearlite岩棉Mineral wool;mine wool沥青asphalt卷材Felt玛蹄脂Asphalt mas
9、tic粘土砖Clay brick釉面砖Porcelain enamel brick空心砖Hollow brick砌块Block缸砖guarry brick锦砖mosac地面砖paving brick防滑地砖non-slip brick耐酸砖(板)acidbrick (acidtile)胶泥mastic粘土瓦Cloy tile玻璃瓦enamelled tile波形镀锌钢板galvanized corrugate steel sheet玻璃钢瓦glass-fiber reinforced plastic tile彩色压型钢(铅)板coloured corrugate steel (aluminiu
10、m) plat;profiuing coloured stccl (aluminium) plat石棉水泥瓦ashestos-cement sheet水磨石terrajjo水刷石granite plaster花岗石granite磨光花岗石polished granite剁斧石artificial stone大理石marble水泥砂浆抹面cement plaster石灰砂浆抹面lime plaster水泥石灰砂浆抹面cement-lime plaster刀灰打底hemp-cut and lime as base原木Log方木square timber板材plank胶合板plywood三夹板3pl
11、ywood五夹板5plywood平板玻璃flat glass浮法玻璃float-process glass磨砂玻璃ground glass;frosted glass起 玻璃prism glass夹丝玻璃Wire glass夹层玻璃sandwich glass中空玻璃hollow glass钢化玻璃reinforced glass镀膜玻璃coating glass有机玻璃organic glass4.4 建筑构造及配件Building construction & component铺砌paving地坪grade基层bedding素土夯实rammed earth垫层base结合层bonding
12、 course面层Covering隔离层insulation course活动地板raising floor;movable floor;access floor篦子板grating地面提示块ground prompt遮阳板sunshade窗套Window moulding护角curb guard防水层water-proof course找平层Leveling course隔热层heat insulation course保温层thermal insulation course檩条purlin天窗skylight天棚ceiling吊顶suspending ceiling吊顶龙骨ceiling
13、joist雨水口drain gulley水斗Lead head雨水管Leader;downspout天沟Valley挑檐overhanging eave檐口eave泛水flashing分水线watershed檐沟eave gutter汇水面积catchment area雨罩canopy散水apron坡道ramp台阶entrance steps保温门thermal insulation door隔声门(窗)sound insulation door (window);acoustical door (window)防火门(窗)fire door (window)冷藏门freezer door安全
14、门exit door防护门(窗)protection door (window)屏蔽门(窗)Shield door (window)防风砂门radiation resisting door (window)密闭门(窗)weather tight door泄压门(窗)pressure release door (window)壁柜门closet door变压器间门transformer room door围墙门gate车库门garage door保险门safe door引风门ventilation door检修门access door平开门(窗)side-hung door推拉门(窗)slidi
15、ng door弹簧门swing door折迭门folding door卷帘门rolling door转门revolving door夹板门plywood door拼板门FLB door (framed,Ledged and battened door);matchboard door实拼门solid door镶板门panel door镶玻璃门glazed door玻璃门glass door钢木门steel & wooden door百页门shutter door连窗门door with side window传递窗delivery window观测窗observation window换气窗v
16、ent sast上悬窗top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window下悬窗bottom-hung window立转窗vertically pivoted window固定窗fixed window单层窗single window双层窗double window百页窗shutter带形窗continuous window子母扇窗attached sash window组合窗composite window落地窗French window玻璃幕墙glazed curtain wall门(窗)框door (window) frame拼樘料transom (横),mul
17、lion (竖)门(窗)扇door (window) leaf(平开窗扇 casement sash)纱扇screen sash亮子transom,fanlight门心板pancl披水板weather board贴脸板trim筒子板Lining窗台板sill plate防护铁栅barricade;iron grille;grating合页butts;hinges;butt hinges执手knob撑档catch滑道sliding track插销bolt拉手pull推板push plate门锁mortice lock;door lock执手锁mortice lock with knob4.5 建
18、筑构造Building structure4.5.1 荷载Load活荷载Live load静荷载,恒载Dead load静力荷载Static load移动荷载Moving load动力荷载Dynamic load冲击荷载impact load附加荷载Superimposed load规定荷载(又称原则荷载)Specified Load集中荷载Concentrated Load分布荷载Distributed Load设计荷载Design Load轴向荷载Axial Load偏心荷载Eccentric Load风荷载Wind Load风力、风压Wind force、Wind Pressure雪荷载
19、Snow Load屋面积灰荷载Roof ash Load(吊车)最大轮压Maximum Wheel Load吊车荷载Crane Load安装荷载Erection Load施工荷载Construction Load不对称荷载Unsymmetrical Loading重复荷载Repeated Load刚性荷载Rigid Load柔性荷载Flexible Load临界荷载Critical Load容许荷载Admissible Load,Allowable Load safe Load极限荷载Ultimate Load条形荷载Strip Load破坏荷载Failure Load,Load at fai
20、lure地震荷载Seismic Load;Earthquake load荷载组合Combination of load4.5.2 地基和基本Soil and foundation地基(Bed)soil天然地基Natural ground人工地基Artificial ground混凝土基本Concrete foundation;Concrete footing毛石基本Rubble masonry footing;(Rubble) stone footing砖基本Brickwork footing桩基本Pile foundation设备基本Equipment foundation机器基本Machi
21、ne foundation独立基本Individual footing,Isolated foundationPad foundation联合基本Combined footing大块式基本Massive foundation条形基本Strip foundation;Strip footingStrap footing;Continuous footing方形基本Square footing杯形基本Footing socket板式基本Slab-foundation;Mat footing阶梯形基本Stepped foundation;Benched foundation(Stepped foot
22、ing)扩展基本spread footing扩底基本Under-reamed foundation浮伐基地Raft foundation;Buoyant foundationFloating foundation沉箱(井)基本Caisson foundation构架式基本Frame foundation深基本Deep foundation基本Footing Foundation基槽Foundation ditch;Foundation trench基坑Foundation pit基本板Foundation slab基本梁Foundation beam Footing beam基本底面Found
23、ation base基本底板Foundation mat基本垫层Foundation-bed基本埋置深度Depth of embedment foundation地下持续墙Undelground continuous wall打桩Pile driving打桩机Pile engine;Pile driver;Ram mactuine钢桩Steel pile水桩Wood pile;Timber pile钢筋混凝土桩Reinforced concrete pile砂桩Sand pile石灰桩Lime pile;Lime column;Quicklime pile单桩Single pile群桩Pile
24、 group;Pile cluster斜桩Batter pile预制桩precast pile灌注桩In-situ pile;Cast-in-place pileCast-in-situ pile;Filling pile板桩sheet pile拆密桩Compaction pile挤密砂桩Sand compaction pile灰土挤密桩Line-soil compaction pile钻孔桩Bored pile打入桩Driuen pile摩擦桩Friction pile;Buoyant pile端承桩End bearing pile;Point bearing pile;Column pil
25、e (柱桩)支承桩Bearing pile抗拔桩Tension pile;Uplift pile;抗滑桩Anti-slicle pile桩承台Pile cap桩帽Pile cap;pile couel桩头Pile crown;pile head桩端Pile tip桩身Pile shaft桩距Pile spacing桩钢筋笼Pile cage试桩Test pile桩荷载实验Pile load test桩动荷载实验Dynamic load test of pile桩侧向荷载实验Lateral pile load test桩极限荷载Ultimate pile load桩承载能力Pile capaci
26、ty;Bearing capacity of a pileCarrying capacity of a pile土压力Earth pressure积极土压力Active earth pressure被动土压力Passive earth pressure静止土压力Earth pressure at rest容许地耐力Allowable bearing strength冰冻深度Frozen depth;Frost depth;Frost penetration depth of frost penetration防冻深度Frost-proof depth粘土类土Clayey soil轻亚粘土San
27、dy loam亚粘土Sandy clay;Loam砂质土Sandy soil砂砾石Sandy gravel stratum膨胀土Expansive soil硬质土,硬盘岩,硬土层Hard pan液限Liquid limit塑限Plastic limit塑料指数Index of plasticity松软土Mellow soil;spongy soil回填土Backfill Refilling杂填土Miscellaneous fill地表水Surface water;地下水Groundwater地下水位Groundwater eltualion;Groundwater level;Groundwater table容重Unit weight干容重Dry unit weight湿容重Wet unit weight饱和容重Saturated unit weight不均匀沉降Unequal settlement;Differential settlement地基解决Ground treatment地基加固Ground stabilization;soil improvement土质查勘Soil exploration地质勘察Geological explorat
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1