届二轮复习语法助动词情态动词和虚拟语气专题练.docx

1、届二轮复习语法助动词情态动词和虚拟语气专题练2020届二轮复习语法助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气专题练基础达标.单句语法填空1(2017北京卷)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.【答案】can此处表示“班里最高的男孩塞缪尔可以很容易地够到书架顶部的书”，应填can“能够；可以”。2(2017天津卷)My room is a mess, but I _ not clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the mornin

2、g.【答案】need由后面的“I can do it in the morning.”可知，此处表示“没必要今晚打扫”，故need not符合语意。3(2015四川卷)You _ be careful with the camera.It costs!【答案】must考查情态动词的基本用法。句意：你千万要当心这个相机。它价格不菲！从后面It costs！可以推知说话者要求“你”对相机“千万要小心”，此处表示必须，因此要用must。4(2015江苏卷)It might have saved me some trouble if I _ (know) the schedule.【答案】had kn

3、own句意：如果我早知道这个计划表，可能会给我省去一些麻烦。根据语境和主句中的might have saved可推知，此处表示对过去情况的虚拟，故if引导的条件状语从句中谓语动词用had done结构，故填had known。5(2016北京卷)Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week？If you _ (tell) me，I could have helped.【答案】had told根据句意和相关信息判断，条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设，此时从句用过去完成时，主句谓语用“情态动词have done”形式。6(2016浙江卷)_ (

4、have) the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDSrelated deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.【答案】Had这是一个省略了从属连词if的虚拟语气句，使用了倒装句式。根据主句的would not have fallen可知，这里是表示对过去的虚拟，故填Had。7(2016全国卷)Truly elegant chopsticks might _ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese character

5、s.【答案】be madechopsticks和make之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空格前有might，所以用be made。8(2015天津卷)I wish I _ (be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.【答案】had beenwish引导的虚拟语气，与过去事实相反用had done形式表达。.单句改错1(2015四川卷)If you are me, would you talk to them? _ 【答案】arewere根据句意可知，此处为虚拟语气，与

6、现在事实相反，be动词应用were。2(2015全国卷)We must found ways to protect our environment. _ 【答案】foundfind情态动词must后接动词原形。3(2017浙江卷)Without hesitation, I decided to follow them and we did had lots of fun that day. _ 【答案】hadhavedid加强语气，后跟动词原形。4(2016全国卷)I should available any time after school next week. _ 【答案】should后

7、加be助动词后如果跟形容词应该加be。5(2016江苏卷)Therefore，rules should worked out and strictly observed. _ 【答案】should后加be句意：因此，应该制定规则并严格遵守。rules和work out之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态。.单句语法填空1(2020贵州适应性测试)What about Japanese? They dislike the lotus and _ not give it as a gift to Japanese because they regard it as the mourning flower

8、.【答案】do考查时态和主谓一致。结合语境可知，该句陈述的是一般常识，应用一般现在时，且主语为they，故该空用助动词do。2(2020安徽江淮十校联考)As the deadline is drawing near, no one _ leave with his own work uncompleted.【答案】shall句意：因为截止日期即将到来，不完成工作，任何人不许离开。shall用于第三人称陈述句中，表示命令、警告，符合句意。3(2020湖北四地七校第一次联考)It is high time that you _ (consider) that if there were no s

9、tress in your life, you would achieve a little.【答案】considered/should consider在It is high time that.句式中，从句用虚拟语气，即：谓语动词用过去式或should动词原形。4(2020浙江宁波九校联考)So you _ pay attention to sleeplessness.【答案】must/should根据句意可知，此处为给别人提出建议，所以填must/should，表示“务必/应当”。5(2020浙江温州普通高中模拟)I rewired the house and lowered the l

10、ight switches so that Paul _ reach things.【答案】could根据so that可知，此处表示结果，意为“这样保罗就能够够到了”，故填could。6(2020江西师大附中等五校联考)It has been accepted that all the students _ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.【答案】shall在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、制度，应用shall。7(2020浙江杭州地区七校模拟)When you ph

11、oned me, I was having a meeting; how I wish I _ (answer) your call.【答案】had answered句意：当你给我打电话的时候，我正在开会。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的电话。wish后的从句中用虚拟语气，根据句意可知是对过去情况的虚拟，所以谓语动词用had done形式。8(2020天津七校联考)I was ill that day, or I _ (take) part in the sports meet.【答案】would have taken由句中or可知此处为含蓄条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，故用would hav

12、e done结构。9I should not have laughed if I _ (think) you were serious.【答案】had thought句意：如果我(当时)认为你是认真的，我就不会笑了。主句中谓语动词使用should not have laughed，表明与过去的事实相反，从句谓语动词应该使用had done形式。10(2020东北三校联考)The order came that the medical supplies _ (send) to the earthquakestricken area soon.【答案】(should) be sent表示建议、要求

13、、命令等的名词suggestion，order，request，advice等的表语从句、同位语从句中谓语动词用(should)动词原形。.单句改错1This experience has been shown that traveling by train actually is the safest way of making journeys. _ 【答案】去掉beenshow和this experience为主动关系，故去掉助动词been。2My father has always go to work by bike since then. _ 【答案】gogone由since th

14、en可知该句应用完成时，go的过去分词为gone。3(2020湖北华大联盟高三2月质检)I suggest that the school organizes a cookinglearning activity to teach students to prepare some delicious food. _ 【答案】organizesorganize句中动词suggest表建议，其后跟从句时，从句谓语动词用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。4Most citizens in Hong Kong strongly insisted that those who atta

15、cked the police with violence were put into prison. _ 【答案】werebe句意：大多数香港市民坚决要求那些用暴力袭击警察的人被关进监狱。insist作“坚持，坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句的谓语用“(should)动词原形”，这里those与put之间存在动宾关系，所以用be put。5(2020南昌十校二模)As a result，I suggest we are given less homework and more time for outofclassroom activities.Only in this way can we

16、live a happy and healthy life. _ 【答案】arebe虚拟语气错误。suggest在此处表示“建议”，因此后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“shoulddo”形式，且should可以省略。故此处应把are改为be。6(2020郑州第三次预测)He became very angry, but I dared not to tell him about the game. _ 【答案】删除to考查情态动词。dare既可以作情态动词又可以作实义动词。dare的过去式为dared，此处其前没有用助动词，说明dare在此用作情态动词，故后跟动词原形。7(2020四

17、川成都五校联考)People neglect the fact that our parents are the dearest persons in the world, so we should nice to our parents. _ 【答案】should后加be情态动词后用动词原形，而nice为形容词，因此其前缺少be动词，故在should后加be。8(2020河北“五个一”名校联盟联考)There will a lecture in our library, at 4：00 on Wednesday afternoon. _ 【答案】will后加be情态动词后用动词原形，而a l

18、ecture为名词，因此缺少be动词，故在will后加be。9(2020河北邯郸联考)However, just several days later, I began to feel tired and cant concentrate in class. _ 【答案】cantcouldntand连接两个并列的谓语，根据began可知，cant也应用过去式形式。故将cant改为couldnt。10(2020湖南衡阳八中二模)It is true that no one should live without money in modern society. _【答案】shouldcan根据句

19、意可知，表示“能，能够”，应用can。能力提升.语法填空(2020云南第二次检测)Bob Dylan is an American songwriter，singer，artist and writer.He has been influential in popular music and culture for more than five decades.Much of _1_ most celebrated work dates from the 1960s，when his songs _2_(record)social unrest.His early songs like Blo

20、wing in the Wind became anthems(圣歌)for the American civil rights and antiwar movements.Dylan has toured steadily _3_ the late 1980s on what has been described as “the Never Ending Tour”He is very successful in his career as a recording artist and performer，but his _4_(great) achievement lies in his

21、songwriting.Since 1994，Dylan has published seven books of drawings and paintings，and his work has been _5_ (wide) exhibited in America.As a _6_(music)，Dylan has sold more than 100 million records，_7_(make) him one of the bestselling artists of all time.He has received numerous awards including eleve

22、n Grammy Awards，a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award.In May 2012，Dylan received the Presidential Medal of Freedom，_8_ was presented by President Barack Obama.In 2016，he _9_(award)the Nobel Prize in Literature “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”，j

23、oining George Bernard Shaw as _10_ only person to win an Academy Award and Nobel Prize.【解题导语】本文是一篇人物介绍，主要介绍了美国集作词家、歌唱家、艺术家及作家于一身的Bob Dylan的生平及其成就。1his考查形容词性物主代词。根据空格后的名词“work”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词，表示“他最著名的作品”。故填his。2recorded考查动词的时态。when引导定语从句，先行词为“the 1960s”，因此定语从句应用一般过去时。故填recorded。3since考查连词。句意为：自从20世纪8

24、0年代后期，Dylan就进行了有规律的巡回演出根据句子用现在完成时可知，应用连词since。4greatest考查形容词的最高级。根据前面的“he is very successful”以及空格前面的“but”和后面的“achievement”可知，此处应用最高级，表示他最大的成就在于歌曲创作。故填greatest。5widely考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用wide的副词形式修饰动词exhibit。故填widely。6musician考查名词。此处表示“作为一个音乐家”。故填musician。7making考查非谓语动词。句意为：作为一名音乐家，Dylan已经卖出了一亿多张唱片，这

25、使得他成为有史以来最畅销的艺术家之一。根据句意可知，此处应用现在分词短语作结果状语，表示意料之内的结果。故填making。8which考查定语从句。句意为：在2012年5月，Dylan获得了总统自由勋章，由当时的美国总统奥巴马颁发。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Presidential Medal of Freedom，指物，在从句中作主语，故用which引导该从句。9was awarded考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语“In 2016”可知，此处应用一般过去时；“award”和“he”之间构成动宾关系，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was awarde

26、d。10the考查冠词。根据空格后面的“only person to win.”可知，应用定冠词the，表示特指。长难句分析：In 2016, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”.(第二段最后一句)译文：2016年，Dylan“因在伟大的美国传统歌曲中创造出新的诗意的表达方式”而被授予诺贝尔文学奖.短文改错(2020甘肃省兰州市高考诊断考试)Now Id like to s

27、hare with you a strange experience I had a month before.It may sound funny，and its true.After a days hard work I went to bed early than usual.It was about two oclock in the morning，and suddenly I woke up.I heard a noise.I got out of bed and went slow downstairs.I listened carefully.I could heard two

28、 men speaking quietly.I believed two thieves had broken into my house and I was really frightened，so I went back to upstairs，and immediately phone the police from my bedroom.The police arrived quickly.They opened front door with a special key and went into the living room.You can imagine what embarr

29、assed I was when they came upstairs and told me we had turned the television off for me and everything was all right.【答案】Now Id like to share with you a strange experience I had a month .It may sound funny， its true.After a days hard work I went to bed than usual.It was about two oclock in the morni

30、ng，and suddenly I woke up.I heard a noise.I got out of bed and went downstairs.I listened carefully.I could two men speaking quietly.I believed two thieves had broken into my house and I was really frightened，so I went back upstairs，and immediately the police from my bedroom.The police arrived quick

31、ly.They opened front door with a special key and went into the living room.You can imagine embarrassed I was when they came upstairs and told me had turned the television off for me and everything was all right.第一处：before改为ago。考查副词。根据句中的had可知，此处应用副词ago。第二处：and改为but。考查连词。根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but。第三处：early改为earlier。考查副词比较级