流体力学词汇大全讲解.docx

1、流体力学词汇大全讲解流体力学词汇大全流体动力学fluid dynamics 连续介质力学mechanics of continuous media 介质medium 流体质点fluid particle（质点，粒子）无粘性流体nonviscous fluid, inviscid fluid 连续介质假设continuous medium hypothesis 流体运动学fluid kinematics水静力学hydrostatics 支配方程governing equation 伯努利方程Bernoulli equation 伯努利定理Bernonlli theorem 毕奥-萨伐尔定律Bio

2、t-Savart law欧拉方程Euler equation il亥姆霍兹定理Helmholtz theorem 开尔文定理Kelvin theorem 涡片vortex sheet 库塔-茹可夫斯基条件Kutta-Zhoukowskicondition 布拉休斯解Blasius solution 达朗贝尔佯廖dAlembert paradox 雷诺数Reynolds number 施特鲁哈尔数Strouhal number 随体导数material derivativedrvtv; drvtv不可压缩流体incompressible fluid 质量守恒conservation of mas

3、s 动量守恒conservation of momentum能量守恒conservation of energy 动量方程momentum equation 能量方程energy equation 控制体积control volume 液体静压hydrostatic pressure 涡量拟能enstrophy 压差differential pressure 流动 flow 流线stream line 流面stream surface 流管stream tube 迹线path, path line 流场flow field 流态flow regime （状态）流动参量flow paramete

4、r præmt(r); præmt流量flow rate, flow discharge 涡旋vortex 涡量vorticity 涡丝vortex filament 涡线vortex line 涡面vortex surface 涡层vortex layer 涡环vortex ring 涡对vortex pair 涡管vortex tube 涡街vortex street 卡门涡街Karman vortex street 马蹄涡horseshoe vortex 对流涡胞convective cell 卷筒涡胞roll cell 涡eddy涡粘性eddy viscosit

5、yviscosity | vskst /-ks-环流circulation 环量circulation 速度环量velocity circulationvlst; vlst偶极子doublet, dipole 驻点stagnation point 总压力 total pressure 总压头total head 静压头static head 总焓total enthalpy 能量输运energy transport 速度剖面velocity profile prufal; profal （侧面，轮廓）库埃特流Couette flow 单相流single phase flow 单组份流singl

6、e-component flow 均匀流uniform flow 非均匀流nonuniform flow 二维流two-dimensional flow 三维流three-dimensional flow 准定常流quasi-steady flowquasiquasi | kweza ,sa /kwzadj.类似的; 半的; 外表的; 准的非定常流unsteady flow, non-steady flow 暂态流transient flow trænznt; US trænnt; trænnt周期流periodic flow 振荡流oscillatory

7、flow oscillatory | sletr /s分层流stratified flow stratified | strætfad无旋流irrotational flow 有旋流rotational flowrtenl轴对称流axisymmetric flowsmetrk不可压缩性incompressibility 不可压缩流动 incompressible flow 浮体floating body -定倾中心metacenter 阻力drag, resistance 减阻drag reduction 表面力surface force 表面张力surface tension 毛

8、细管作用capillarity 来流incoming flow 自由流free stream 自由流线free stream line 外流external flow 进口entrance, inlet 出口exit, outlet 扰动disturbance, perturbation 分布distribution 传播propagation 色散dispersion 弥散dispersion 附加质量added mass ,associated mass 收缩contraction 镜象法image method 无量纲参数dimensionless parameter 几何相似geome

9、tric similarity 运动相似kinematic similarity 动力相似性 dynamic similarity 平面流plane flow 势potential 势流potential flow 速度势velocity potential 复势complex potential 复速度complex velocity 流函数stream function 源source 汇sink 速度水头velocity head 拐角流corner flow 空泡流cavity flow 超空泡supercavity 超空泡流supercavity flow 空气动力学aerodyna

10、mics 低速空气动力学low-speed aerodynamics 高速空气动力学high-speed aerodynamics 气动热力学aerothermodynamics 亚声速流动 subsonic flow 跨声速流动 transonic flow 超声速流动 supersonic flow 锥形流conical flow 楔流wedge flow 叶栅流cascade flow 非平衡流动 non-equilibrium flow 细长体slender body 细长度slenderness 钝头体bluff body 钝体blunt body 翼型airfoil 翼弦chord

11、 薄翼理论thin-airfoil theory 构型configuration 后缘trailing edge 迎角angle of attack 失速stall 脱体激波detached shock wave 波阻wave drag 诱导阻力induced drag 诱导速度induced velocity 临界雷诺数critical Reynolds number 前缘涡leading edge vortex 附着涡bound vortex 约束涡confined vortex 气动中心aerodynamic center 气动力aerodynamic force 气动噪声aerodyn

12、amic noise 气动加热aerodynamic heating 离解dissociation 地面效应ground effect 气体动力学gas dynamics 稀疏波rarefaction wave 热状态方程thermal equation of state 喷管Nozzle 普朗特-迈耶流 Prandtl-Meyer flow瑞利流Rayleigh flow 可压缩流动 compressible flow 可压缩流体compressible fluid 绝热流adiabatic flow 非绝热流diabatic flow 未扰动流undisturbed flow 等熵流ise

13、ntropic flow 匀熵流homoentropic flow 兰金-于戈尼奥条件Rankine-Hugoniot condition状态方程equation of state 量热状态方程caloric equation of state 完全气体perfect gas 拉瓦尔喷管Laval nozzle 马赫角Mach angle 马赫锥Mach cone 马赫线Mach line 马赫数Mach number 马赫波Mach wave 当地马赫数local Mach number 冲击波shock wave 激波shock wave 正激波normal shock wave 斜激波oblique shock wave 头波bow wave 附体激波attached shock wave 激波阵面shock front 激波层shock layer 压缩波compression wave 反射reflection 折射refra