高中英语人教版必修一Unit4知识点汇总与强化练习.docx

1、高中英语人教版必修一Unit4知识点汇总与强化练习Unit 4 Earthquakes单元要点预览词汇部分词语辨析1. congratulate / celebrate2. destroy / ruin / damage / harm3. rise / raise / lift4. hurt / injure / wound词形变化1. frighten vt. 吓唬；使惊吓frightened n. 受惊的；受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的2. nation n. 民族；国家；国民national adj. 民族的；国家的3. suffer v. 受苦; 吃苦头suffer

2、ing n. 苦难；痛苦sufferer n.受苦者; 受难者重点单词1. burst v.&n. 爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂 2. ruin v.&n. 毁灭，使破产，遗迹，废墟（名词时常用复数）3. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救4. judge n.&v. 法官，鉴赏家，裁判，判断，估计重点词组1. right away 立刻，马上2. at an end 结束，终结3. instead of 代替，而不4. tens of thousands of 数以万计的重点句子1. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.

3、2. All hope was not lost.重点语法定语从句 I词语辨析 1. congratulate / celebrate 【解释】congratulate 对他人祝贺为目的，侧重以言语表示祝贺。celebrate 通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情。侧重指以行动来庆祝生日、节日等。 【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). I _ you on your success.2). We held a party to _ our success. 2. destroy / ruin / damage / harm【解释】destroy 表示在肉体上、精

4、神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法恢复，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。 ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。damage 一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果。 harm 一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). You may get _ in that shop.2). He cant _ her. She sees through hi

5、m every time.3. rise / raise / lift【解释】rise 普通用词，指具体的抽象的事物由低向高移动。raise 及物动词，多指把某物从低处升到高处。lift 语气比raise强，指用体力或机械的力举起或抬起某物。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). She _ her eyes from her work.2). _ me up, mummy-I cant see.3). The plane was then able to _ and it cleared the mountains by 300 feet.4. hurt / injure / wo

6、und【解释】hurt 一般用语，即可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神和情感方面的伤害。injure 比hurt正式，一般指由于意外或事故而受伤，很少指精神方面的伤害.wound 指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤等，尤指在战争中受伤。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). The soldier was _ in the arm in the war.2). She was _ slightly in an accident during the work.3). I was very much _ at his words.II词性变化 1. frighten vt. 吓唬；使惊吓fright

7、ened n. 受惊的；受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的2. nation n. 民族；国家；国民national adj. 民族的；国家的3. suffer v. 受苦; 吃苦头suffering n. 苦难；痛苦sufferer n.受苦者; 受难者【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) Hes travelled to the _ of Western Europe. (nation)2) We are talking about _ and international issues. (nation)3） _ children were calling for t

8、heir mothers. (frighten)4） The child _to death by the violent thunderstorm. (frighten) 5） It is even _ to think of the horrors of nuclear war. (frighten)6） We _ huge losses in the financial crisis. (suffer) 7) Theyre arthritis _. (suffer)8) There is so much _ in this world. (suffer) 重点词汇 1. burst v.

9、&n. 爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂典例 1).The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了。2). The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。3). On hearing the news, Leslie burst into laughter while Tracy burst out crying. 一听到这则消息，Leslie突然大笑，而Tracy则突然大哭起来。4). A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song. 歌声结束后响起了一阵掌

10、声。重点用法burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑 burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭练习 中译英1). 水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。_2). 太阳突然从云端里露出来。_2. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救典例 1). The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river. 警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。2). The rescue team made countless rescues during the eart

11、hquake. 营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。3). Michael rescued a boy from drowning. 迈克把溺水的男孩救了起来。重点用法rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把.从营救出来come to/ go to sbs rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人 a rescue team 救援队a rescue mission 救援任务 rescue workers 救援人员练习 用rescue的适当形式填空1). The mother, along with her two children, _from the sin

12、king boat by a passing ship.2). The firemen _ five children from the burning house yesterday. 3. judge n.&v. 法官，鉴赏家，裁判，判断，估计典例 1). His father used to be a judge. 他的父亲过去是一名法官。2). Shes a good judge of wine. 她是鉴别酒的专家。3). The blind cant judge colors. 盲人无法判断颜色。4). Dont judge a man by his looks. 不要以貌取人。重点

13、用法judge sb./ sth. by/from 通过判断as far as I judge 我认为judging from 从来看， 根据判断练习 用与judge相关的词汇填空1). _his appearance, he must be a rich man.2). _ , he must be from the south.4. ruin v.&n. 毁灭，使破产，遗迹，废墟（名词时常用复数）典例 1). The hurricane ruined all the houses here. 飓风使这里所有的房屋成为废墟。2). He ruined his prospects by carelessness. 他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。重点用法be in ruins 呈一片废墟 fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to ruin 毁灭，落空 ruin oneself 自我毁灭 bring sb. to ruin 使毁灭练习 中译英1). 那建筑物已成断壁残垣。_2). 那教堂已破败不堪。_ 重点词组 1. right away 立刻，马上典例1).Ill return the book to you right away. 我会马上还书给你。2). If war breaks out, w