1、做英语语法填空的步骤语法填空做题步骤做英语语法填空的步骤语法填空做题步骤学习英语的人并不陌生语法填空这道题,那么你知道做英语语法填空的步骤是什么吗?下面由WTT为大家整理的做英语语法填空的步骤,希望大家喜欢!做英语语法填空的步骤一、理解短文。这一步是解题关键的一步。解题之前,我们首先应通读全文,理解大意,把握故事发生的时间、地点、逻辑关系。文中相当一部分空格是通过对文章逻辑结构的把握来确定正确答案的。另外,谓语动词必须在把握动作发生的时间后才能确定其时态。在答题之前,最好对全文通读两遍,不要一拿到试题就开始作答。部分同学拿到试题后,仅仅看空格前后局部的结构,迅速作答。这似乎加快了答题的速度,但
2、事实上这会使你欲速则不达。二、寻找依据。考生要善于发现答题的依据。答题的依据通常有:句型、搭配、逻辑关系、句子结构、上下文等,这些内容往往是我们作答的依据。当然这些能力不是一两天就能够具备的。考生必须在平时的学习过程中,大量地吸收英语语言材料(包括书面的、口头的、视听的),培养语感。三、确定答案。经过第二步后,基本上我们就可以确定答案。但是,我们在确定答案的时候,还要进行进一步的论证。其依据就是上下文的内容、句型及搭配。四、论证答案。如果有时间,则将答案代入短文中进行验证,看其在逻辑、语法结构、搭配等方面是否正确无误。语法填空题得高分的13个技巧一、已给单词提示题型的技巧此类题可以考查学生对单
3、词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种,一是词的形、数、式的变化,一是词的派生变化。在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题,看是否需要使用复合的变化形式,这一点是很重要的。技巧一:名词形式变化名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。例:There are many students living at school,the(child) houses are all far from schoo1.由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数,且作为houses的定语,所以应用其所有格形式,故答案为child的复合变化形式 复数的所有格childrens。技巧二:动词形式变化动词的
4、形式变化比较多,有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气),有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。例:A talk(give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.句中的is written是整句的谓语,所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出,报告是“将来”作的,故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者,故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式to be given。技巧三:代词形式变化代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类,即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词
5、的形式变化,如noone/none、other/another等。例:The king decided to see the painter by(he).由介词by可以看出,横线处应填反身代词himself。技巧四:形容词、副词比较级变化英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式,或通过加后缀一er和.est,或在词前Imore/less和most/least,且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。例:I am (tall)than Liu Wen.He is the tallest students in my class.此题后句交代了LiuWen
6、是班上最高的学生,那“我”肯定比他矮,所以不能用taller,只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。技巧五:数词形式变化数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词,或加后缀一teen、ty的变化,甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式,以及one/two的特殊变化形式once/twice例:Tomy three sons I leave my seventeen horses.My eldest son shall take a half,my second son shall take a (three).从上下文连续起来理解,这是一个分马的计划,大儿子分得a half,也就是“一半”或“二分之一
7、”,那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”,所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。技巧六:词的派生词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的,派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。例:Lious lost his wallet yesterday,SO he was very_(happiness).在这道题中,学生很容易判断出该用形容词;钱包丢了,人应该是不开心的,所以要再加个前缀un,就成了unhappy。二、未给单词提示题型的技巧此类题难度较大,但也是有方法对付的。技巧七:固定短语结构根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否
8、构成一个固定短语,但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。例1:The children were playing on the ground,enjoying_,dirty but happy.从句中的happy可以 猜出孩子们是开心的,所以应用enj0y oneself短语,故其答案为themselves。例2:His boss was_angry as to fire him.如果“跳过”横线后面的angry,就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语so.as to.,所以,so是正解。技巧八:从句引导词从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向,主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。例1:He d
9、id not done_his father had asked him to do.审题可知,横线所在为宾语从句的引导词,此引导词在从旬中充当宾语,且指物,所以是what。例2:Those_want to go to the village must sign here.经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词,进一步观察可知先行词为those,且指人,所以只能填入who,在定语从句中做主语。技巧九:短语动词结构短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语,此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。例1:The us consists_fifty states.根据常识可知,美国由50
10、个州组成,故横线处与前一词组合,表示“由.组成”,所以答案是of。例2:Mrs Baker was ill,so her daughter had to ask forleave to take_of her.生病需要人照顾,所以答案是care,与前后词构成take care of。技巧十:短语介词结构短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语,如:except for,due to等。例1:Mr Smith took a plane to London_of taking a train.此题中说到两种交通工具,所以可以理解此句有“坐.而不是坐.”的意思,故答案为instead,以构成介词短语
11、instead of。例2:Just then,he saw a blackboard in_of him.细心观察,可以看出填人fr0nt即可构成in front of,此题得解。技巧十一:连词、关联短语结构常用的连词有and,or,but,so,for,while等,常用的关联短语有both.and.,either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but also.等。例1:Little Wang Jun could not go to school,_his family was too poor.此处表示原因,引导的分句其实是一种解释说明,不是必然的因果关系,且前面
12、有逗号隔开,所以填for。例2:_Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre.横线处的词与后面可以构成both?and,故答案为Both。技巧十二:冠词、介词和常用的副词冠词只能是在a,an,the之间判断;常用的介词有in,at,on,before,during等,通常考查固定搭配;副词的量还是比较多,如:however,never,yet,much等。例1:Jackie likes to drive at_ high speed.这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法,答案为a,构成at a high speed,“以高速”开车。例2:Old Toms
13、granddaughter used to visit him_Saturday afternoon.Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午,所以不用介词in,而用on才是正解。例3:Though Liu Qiang did the same work_Zhang Wen did,he got a lower pay_Zhang Wen.第一条横线可由前面的the same断出用as,第二条横线则可由lower断出比较意义,故答案为than。例4:It was only one day left,_,his father had no idea to answer him.观察上
14、下句,可以看出是转折关系,且横线与前后用逗号隔开,排除but,所以答案是however。技巧十三:上下文中出现的相关词这一招是最为灵活的,但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识,填入某个已出现的词,或其反义词,或其同类的某个词。答案的线索可能在本句,可能出现在上下相连的一句,还可能出现在比较远的地方上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句,则线索可能在上下段的首句;如果横线出现在某段的末句,则线索可能在上下段的末句,以此类推。例:Tony_travelling abroad,but dislikes staying home watching TV.由第二句话
15、中的dislikes可以判断,此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。高考英语语法填空的解题方法总结一、无提示词(只能填1个单词)1.缺少主语如果 +v.,应首先考虑代词。可填(1)人称代词: he,she,they,it等(2)关系代词:在定语从句中作主语的有that,which,who等。【20XX资阳市高三第二次诊断】It is always the firefighters whichthat take the lead to run to the very center, saving lives by risking their own.(3)连接代词:名词性从句中作主语的引导词有wh
16、at,whoever等。【20XX湖南】_ What_ is important is that we let others know we care about them.(4)形式主语it:如果作主语的是动词不定式、动名词或从句,要填形式主语it。【20XX郑州高三质量预测】Tu Youyou was modest about receiving the award: “Its a success for the whole research team.” She also thinks it is scientists duty to fight for the health of al
17、l humans.【20XX潍坊一调】 It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do less well in our education system.注意强调句【德州市20XX届高三期末统考】 It is the reality TV show that gives them a sense of being a star 。2.缺少宾语v./prep.+(1)填人称代词:如him,her,them,it等。(2)填名词性物主代词 mine,h
18、ers等【20XX潍坊一调】“Oh, dear! It's _mine_.” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.(3)填关系代词:如that,whom等。【广东省惠州市20XX届高三上学期第三次调研】At the end of20XX, China had a population of1.37 billion people, a total of 800 million of _whom_ are employed.whom在从句中做介词的宾语3.缺少限定词,+名词/代词,限定词包括冠词
19、(a,an,the)、形容词性物主代词(my,your,its,his等)、关系词(whose,which等)、不定代词(no,some,any,each,every,many,several等)【安徽省“皖南八校”20XX届高三第二次联考】In the middle of April, if you walk through Jinghong, the capital of Xishuangbanna region in Yunnan province, chances are that you'll get very, very wet.【20XX惠州市三调】In20XX, the
20、 government permitted other families to have two if one parent was _an_ only child.4.填介词,固定搭配 如provide sb with sth.Refuseto do5.单词短语之间没有连词,可能是填连词,可填and或or【20XX新课标全国卷】 But the river wasn't changed in a few days _or_ even a few months.6.若两句之间没有连词,也没有句号,填连词,例如and,but,or,so等【20XX全国新课标】There were man
21、y people waiting at the bus stop,_and_ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed.前后分句为并列关系,故用and。7.若句子完整,空特别是与上下文时态主谓不一致时,很可能是填情态动词或do,have及其正确形式【20XX高考全国卷】Then the driver stood up and asked,“_Did_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”二、有提示词,用不多于3个单词正确形式填空1.给出动词原形,一般会考查动词的时态.看主语与谓语之间是主动关
22、系还是被动关系,以确定用主动语态还是被动语态,同时还要根据语境考虑用哪种时态。(1)作谓语(主动、被动)【20XX全国新课标I】It was raining lightly when I _arrived_(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.【20XX高考辽宁卷】Be patient! Tai Chi _is called_(call)“shadow boxing” in English.It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well as strong.(2)非谓语【20XX全国新课标II】W
23、hen a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _to cool_ (cool) the house during the hot day;at the same time,they warm up again for the night.(2)句子不缺成分,作后(前)置定语【20XX全国课标II】The adobe dwellings _built_(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired
24、 by even the most modern of architects and engineers.2.给出名词,一般考查词性及其单复数形式变化。具体变化形式可参考选修7附录Grammer第一节(1)名词词性变化,有时涉及单复数【20XX届河北省保定市高三期末调研】Polar bears depend on the sea ice for their survival (survive).【广东省惠州市20XX届高三上学期第三次调研】With the two-child policy, the labor _shortage_ (short) will be relieved, starting in20 years.(2)单复数变化【四川省资阳市20XX届高三上学期第二次诊断】Whenever and wherever disasters (disaster) happen 9/11 Attacks in New York14 years ago
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