最新英语高考资料届高考英语语法精讲精练 专题七 情态动词和虚拟语气常考点.docx

1、最新英语高考资料届高考英语语法精讲精练 专题七 情态动词和虚拟语气常考点专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点近两年考查情态动词和虚拟语气的频率呈上升趋势。从整体上把握情态动词的语法特征和语义特征，能够准确理解不同情态动词的细微差异，认真区别具有相同功能、意思相近的情态动词的用法，在真实的交际情景中印证和领悟情态动词的用法和特征。情态动词所表示的多种含义 1. can和could的用法表示能力。如：I can run fast.表示客观可能性。如：An experienced driver can have an accident at times.表示请求和允许。用could 语气更委婉。如：Can

2、/Could I go now?Yes，you can.表示猜测、惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)。如：Can this be true?How can you be so careless!This cannot be done by him.2. may和might的用法表示许可。如：You may drive the car.May/Might I use your pen?No，you mustnt.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如：May you succeed!表示推测、可能(疑问句不能用于此意)。表推测的might并不是指过去时间，而表示比may把握性略小些。

3、如：He may be very busy now.用于表示目的或让步状语从句中。如：No matter what difficulties you may come across，you shouldnt give up.3. will和would的用法用于各种人称，表示“意志”“意愿”“决心”等。如：I told her to stop crying，but she just would not listen.用于第二人称的疑问句，表示说话人向对方提出请求。用would比用will语气更客气。如：Will/Would you please keep the door open?表示真理或习

4、惯，意为“惯于，总是”。 如：She will listen to music alone in her room for hours.He would get up early when he lived in the country.4. should的用法表示现在或将来的责任或义务，意为“应该，应当”，这时它可以和 ought to，be supposed to 互换使用。如：You should(are supposed to ) complete your test in time.表示有较大可能实现的猜测、推论，通常意为“可能；总该吧”，相当于 be expected to。如：T

5、hey should be home by now，I think.用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。如：I should think it would be better to try it again. 用在条件状语从句中，表示语气较强的假设，意为“万一”，这时也可将should置于从句之首，即将should放在主语前面，而省略从属连词if，主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气。如：Should I (If I should) be free tomorrow I will come.用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的。尤其在以 why，who，how 等开头的修

6、辞疑问句或某些感叹句中常常意为“竟会，居然”。如：A gentleman like him should be rude to a lady!用于虚拟语气句中(略)。5. ought to的用法表示应该、推测，相当于should。 如：You ought to take care of him.6. shall的用法用于第二、三人称，表示说话人的意愿，有“命令”“警告，威胁，强制”“法令条文规则”和“允诺”等意思。 如：You shall have the book when I finish reading.(表允诺)在疑问句中，shall用于征求对方的意见或请求指示，常用于第一、第三人称。

7、如：Shall we go out for a walk?Where shall he wait for us?7. must的用法表示义务、意图或建议，意为“必须，应该，禁止(用于否定句中)”。 如：You must go and see that filmyoud really enjoy it.表示推测，意为“必定，一定”。注must表示推测时的否定式是cant或couldnt(不可能)。表示主张，意为“硬要，一定要”。如：If you must go，at least wait till the rain stops.表示与说话人愿望相反，意为“偏要”。如：The machine mu

8、st break down at this busy hour. 8. need和dare的用法need 作“必要”讲时，既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。作实义动词时后面的动词不定式要带to，其变化与一般动词相同。作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中。 dare作为情态动词时，仅用在疑问句、否定句和条件从句中。dare若作实义动词，后面可接带to的不定式，此时to也可以省略。dare与need的用法相似。如：He dares to go there alone.He needs to go there alone.She doesnt dare (to) ask her father.She

9、doesnt need to ask her father.He darent speak English before such a crowd，dare he?9. used to的用法used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，在间接引语中，其形式可不变。在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中，可有两种形式。疑问句Did you use to go to the same school as your brother?Used you to go to the same school as your brother？否定句I usednt to go there.I didnt

10、 use to go there.否定疑问句Usent you to be interested in the theatre?Didnt you use to be interested in the theatre？其反意疑问句或简略回答中，也有两种形式：She used to be very fat，didnt she？(正式)/use(d)nt she? (口语)Used you to get up early in the morning? Yes，I did(正式)/Yes，I used to.(口语)10. would rather (not) do宁愿(不)做11. had b

11、etter (not) do最好(不)做I _ often go fishing when I lived in the countryside.A. should B. wouldC. could D. mightIve decided to take the job and I _ change my mind.A. mustnt B. cantC. wont D. may not“Whatever you want，you _ have it on condition that you get the best result，” said the boss.A. would B. oug

12、ht toC. shall D. couldWhy _ you stay in the countryside，where its not convenient to go shopping?But Ive found it rather valuable for my health.A. can B. mustC. may D. shallI promise her daughter _ get a nice present on her birthday.Will it be a big surprise to her?A. should B. mustC. would D. shallS

13、he just couldnt believe that her husband，to whom she had been loyal for so many years，_ desert her after he became rich.A. might B. shouldC. shall D. mustA Mr. Smith is waiting outside for the appointment with you. _ he come in?Yes，please let him in.A. Shall B. MayC. Will D. NeedHe is always on time

14、 for work. How _ it be that he was late yesterday?A. can B. mightC. may D. mustLucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary.She _. Ive already borrowed one.A. cantB. mustntC. needntD. shouldnt【答案】BCCBDBAAC表示“推测”的情态动词 肯定句中用must，may，might，could，当表示理论上的可能性时也可用can；否定句中用can，may，might，could；疑问句中用can，could。用适当的情态动词填空：_ he be a policeman?He _ be a policeman，but I am not sure.He _ be a policeman，for he is so short.He _ be a policeman，for he is strong and brave.【答案】Canmay/might/couldcantmust情态动词的完成式 must have done表示一定做了某事，只用于肯定句中。如：He must have been a brave boy ten years ago.can/could ha