基数词序数词.docx

1、基数词序数词语法数词分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词；表示数目顺序的词叫序数词。 基数词的构成1） 1-20表达英语中有相对应的单词，两位数的表达方法为整数加个位数组成，如twenty-one;三位数如one hundred and twenty-one, 百位和十位之间加and，后面两位数要加连字符，四位以上只有在百位和十位之间加and，如1134 one thousand, one hundred and thirty-four。英语中没有万，千万，亿等单位，如果需要表示万的话用thousand计算,例如1,4283 fourteen thousand two hun

2、dred and eighty-three；如果需要表示千万和亿的话用million计算，如2,1824,5200 two hundred and eighteen million two hundred and forty-five thousand and two hundred。 2）用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如： About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。 Thousan

3、ds of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。Two _(hundred) of students took part in the sports meeting last week.解析：正确答案为hundred. 前面出现具体数字，后面只能用hundred，但是后面出现了of, 很多学生会误写成hundreds, 但是这边的of 表示的范围，这句话的意思是：上周学生中的两百个人参加了运动会。3）表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如： He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。

4、 This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。 数词和名词，形容词连用时有连字符和没有连字符在句中的位置是有区别的，例如five-year-old和five years old. 有连字符的在句中做定语，修饰后面的名词；无连字符的在句中做表语，放在系动词后面。The five-year-old boy can dress himself.那个5岁的孩子自己能穿衣服了。 My son is a five-year-old boy.我的儿子是一个五岁的男孩。基数词变序数词1）许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的，如four / fourth，s

5、ixteen / sixteenth；twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie，再加-th 构成。 几个常考的不规则变化序数词需注意：ninth，twelfth，fortieth，ninetieth等。 2）非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。3）序数词前通常要用定冠词，但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时，通常省略其前的定冠词。如： Toda

6、y is my fathers fortieth birthday.4）序数词前一般要用定冠词the，如果序数词前用a或an时，则表示“又一；再一”（没有具体范围的限制）。如： Thoughhehadfailedtwice,hewantedtotryathirdtime. 尽管他已失败了两次，他还想再试一次。 数词的用法1） 时刻的表示：小时，分钟，秒钟都用基数词表示，例如：five oclock, seven thirty, two to eight等。2） 年，月，日的表示： “日月年或月日年”。如，2009年5月1日在英语中可写为“May 1st，2009”或“1st May，2009”

7、。年份用基数词，日用序数词。例如：五月八号 写作 May the eighth表示在几世纪这个概念时，用序数词。例如：在21世纪 写作 in the twenty-first century.3）分数 （1）分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词。如： onefifth五分之一 onetenth十分之一 （2）当分子大于1时，分母用序数词的复数。如： twothirds三分之二 fiveeighths八分之五 （3）当分子是1时，可以用one也可以用a。如： asecond=onesecond athird=onethird （4）当分母是2和4时，分别可以用half和quarter代替。如： ah

8、alf二分之一 threequarters四分之三 4）百分数 百分数用percent表示。如： fortypercent百分之四十 threepercent百分之三 5）编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后面，前面的名词要大写；序数词放在名词的前面，要加定冠词。 例如：Lesson 1，the first lesson.6）与数词有关的钟点表达法 顺读法（钟点十分钟） 如，4：30 four thirty 4：15 four fifteen 倒读法（分钟+ to/past+钟点） 如，4:30 half past four4:15 fifteen past four/a quarter past

9、four7）.分数、百分数与主谓一致 分数、百分数的考查往往和主谓一致相联系。当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时，谓语动词用复数形式；当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： EightypercentofthestudentsinourschoolcomefromHenan. 我们学校百分之八十的学生来自河南。 ThreefourthsofthestudentsinmyclassareinterestedinEnglish. 我们班四分之三的学生对英语感兴趣。 Twothirdsofthewaterontheearthisseawater. 地球上三分之二的水是海水。 巩固练

10、习用英语写出下列数字300_ 500 _785_ 1000_5,129_ 16,431_ 100, 000_ 1,000,000_654,962_3,523,976_单项选择 1. Id like _bowls of noodles. One is for myself and the other two are for my parents. A. one, B. two C. three D. four 2 _, you can work out the Maths problem easily. A. In this way B. On the way C. In the way D.

11、On this way 3. I got a beautiful bike on _ birthday. I like it very much. A. fifteenth B, fifteen C, my fifteen D. my fifteenth 4. -Whats on the desk - There _some books. A. be B. are C. is D. am , May I speak to David, please -yes, _. A. I am David B. David, please C. my name is David D, this is Da

12、vid speaking 6. Ginas birthday is _the first of June. A. in B. on C. at D. for 7. Now, everybody, please turn to Page(页) _and look at the _picture. A. Fifth; five B Five; fifth C Fifth; fifth; D Five; five 8: There are _students in our school. A. one thousand, nine hundred and forty-five B. one thou

13、sand, nine hundred and fourty five C. one thousand and nine hundred, forty five D. one thousand and nine hundred and forty-five 9. Eleven plus one is _. A. twelfth B twelve C. thirteen D. ten 10. Yesterday my teacher gave me _ on how to learn English. A, some advices B. many advices C. an advice D.

14、some advice 综合练习一单项选择题 the seven-day May Day holiday, _ families went sightseeing.A. thousand B. thousands C. thousands and thousands D. thousands of2. Ive read _ sports news about the F1 race today.A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of3. During World War II, a Jewish(犹太的) lady was protect

15、ed by a local family in Shanghai in her _.A. fifties B. fifty C. fiftieth D. the fiftieth4. It is said that _ of the students like to help their parents with the housework . A. three-fifths B. third-fifths C. thirds-fifth D. three-fifth5. We can see _ stars in the sky at night.A. a thousand of B. th

16、ousands C. thousand of D. thousands of6. It is reported that about _ of the customers want to buy products made in China.A. two-threes B. two-thirds C. second-three D. two-third7. Now class, please open your books and turn to _.A. 32 pages B. page 32 C. 32nd page D. pages 328. A: How many people wil

17、l come to Beijing for the Olympic Games in 2008B: Its hard to people, I think.A. Million of B. Millions of C. Two millions of D. Two million of9. A _ boy can sing the English song very well.A. ten-year-old B. ten years old C. ten-years-old D. fifth years old10. The old professor still works hard tho

18、ugh he is _.A. in his sixty B. in his sixtiesC. in sixties D. in the sixty11. This classroom is _ ours.A. three times big as B. as three times big as C. three times as big as D. as big three times as1 2. Our school is not very big. There are only _ students.A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nin

19、e hundreds D. nine hundred of13. It took me _ to find out the key to the drawer.A. one and half hours B. one and a half hours C. one and a half hour D. one and half hourt worry. She can look after your pet_A. careful enough B. enough careful C. carefully enough D. enough carefully you tell us how to

20、 read the number 18,306,211 million, three hundred and six thousands, two hundred eleven million, three hundred and six thousand, two hundred and eleven millions, three hundred six thousands, two hundreds and eleven thousand, three hundred and six, two hundred eleven was born in _。 s 1660s 1660s sai

21、d they were going to have _ holiday。 two-weeks two-week weeks weeks _ of the articles on education have been published。 thirds third three third father left home at about _。 thirty six to six past thirty all think that the _ century will bring us more hopes。 21.Whats your room numberIts _。 601 Room

22、Room Room 601 601 the students usually surf on the Internet and get information。 percents of percent percent of percents _ new books were sold out last week。 thousand of is right, June 25 June, 2009 25, 2009 25st, 2009 is my _ birthday。 sixteenth sixteen have stayed at this school for _ 。Which follo

23、wing choice is wrong and a half years years and a half years and half a year D .both A and B二、语法填空。（每小题1分，共10分） Television has now come to every family. It has become a very important part in peoples life. School _1_ in the United States watch TV about twenty-five hours a week. Some parents feel tha

24、t television is good _2_ their children because it helps them _3_ about their country and know what is happening in the world quickly. _4_ the help of some programmes of education, children do _5_ in school. Other parents do not let their children watch TV too often. They say the TV programmes somet

25、imes are not good and children can learn bad things from _6_. Man has invented _7_ things. The television is one of them. If it is _8_ planned, _9_ TV can be good for children. Of course children _10_ spend too much time on it. Do you agree1. A. child B. childs C. children D. childes2. A. for B. at

26、C. in D. on3. A. learning B. learns C. learned D. learn4. A. With B. In C. Under D. For5. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse6. A. them B. their C. themselves D. they7. A. much B. many C. a little D. few8. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless9. A. watches B. watchs C. watched D. watching10. A.

27、cant B. can C. may D. may not三、完形填空。（每小题1分，共10分）There are many ways for us to reduce(减少) waste. For 1 , we can reduce paper and plastic bags. We can also recycle newspapers, glass, and cans(易拉罐) to make new things. Here are some useful ways to 2 waste.Write on 3 sides of paperMany people write on on

28、ly one side of their paper. Why not stop wasting the other side Some students only use half the pages of their 4 before getting new ones. Try to use up all the paper. People often give cards on birthdays or festivals. How about trying to 5 e-cards insteadDont throw away your old batteries.Maybe you do not know that old batteries make the earth 6 . This is because they have poisonous parts in them. So, dont throw away batteries. 7 them together. Try to use rechargeable(充电的) batteries for your games and CD players.Give off all your unwanted clo